بی احتیاطی

Security is one of the most important issues in every country so that its maintenance, surveillance, and control is entrusted to the armed forces as a basic duty. It is considered as an indicator of national authority and sovereignty and one of the ways to achieve sustainable security, protect, and non-disclosure of military information. Military information and secrets may be disclosed intentionally or unintentionally. The present study mainly focuses on the definition of recklessness and carelessness as well as its effect on the disclosure of military information. Also, the study explains the grounds and evidence of criminalizing the disclosure of military information in the Islamic Penal Code and Armed Force Laws. In this research, it is tried to extract and analyze the cases related to the subject using relevant legal sources through an analytical-descriptive method. This research is applied in terms of objective and it is considered descriptive in terms of nature. The results show that recklessness and carelessness per se are not a crime, but the Islamic legislature has criminalized it as negligence, unintentional crime, and fault because the negligence in disclosing military information can lead to the defeat and destruction of the Islamic Nation.

Road accidents are one of the most important causes of death in the world,especially in Iran. . Annually, many people in the world are killed and injuredas a result of accidents caused by human error on the suburban roads. Giventhe increasing population growth and the increase in road accidents in thecountry, finding the most effective accident factors can lead to a reduction indamages and casualties resulting from these accidents and a proper basis forroads accident management practices. Therefore, the purpose of this study wasto identify the factors affecting the incidence of accidents resulting humanerror leading to injury or death, as well as to present a model for predictingaccidents due to the impact of human error in suburban roads of Hamadanprovince during 2012-2017. To collect the data, the data collected were usedusing the accidents unprepared form. From 1345 accidents registered in thecase study, 940 accidents were selected in the incident parts, out of which 610accidents due to carelessness in 97 plots were selected for use in the model. Inthe modeling process, were used accident data, traffic and geometry of theincident parts of the case study that the geometrical data of the identifiedincident parts were collected as field and using two-frequency GPS. Findingsshowed that Poisson model is the best model in terms of accident predictionand ability to present formula. Five factors were effective in this model that theindicator factor of proximity to population centers with the coefficient of1/13081 had the most effect in car accidents caused by carelessness and factorssuch as slope and curvature composition, crash hour traffic, segmentationlength and slope are next hierarchy. The results of this study can be a properbasis for management disaster management practices caused by human error.Also the factors affecting accidents, will be used as a suitable tool at themiddle level of road safety management.