دانش آموزان دختر

Wisdom as a personality virtue is a complex and multidimensional psychological concept that plays an important and effective role in the desired growth and development of humans. Therefore, the present research was conducted with the aim of determine the relationship between moral intelligence and mindfulness with wisdom mediated by social intelligence in female high school students. 

This study was a descriptive-analytical from type of correlation. The statistical population of this research was all female high school students of Kangavar city in the academic years 2022-3 with numbering 550 people. The sample size of this research based on the Krejci and Morgan table and considering the possible falls was determined 220 people, which were selected by systematic random sampling method. The instruments of the present research were included moral intelligence questionnaire (Lennick & Kiel, 2005), Freiburg mindfulness inventory (Walach et al., 2006), wisdom scale (Ardelt, 2003) and Tromso social intelligence scale (Silvera et al., 2001). The data obtained from the implementation of this study were analyzed by structural equation modeling method in SPSS and LISREL software version 24. 

In this study, there were 30 incomplete or missing questionnaires and analyses were conducted for 220 female high school students. Based on the findings of the present research the model of the relationship between moral intelligence and mindfulness with wisdom mediated by social intelligence in female high school students had a good fit. Also, the direct effect of moral intelligence on social intelligence and wisdom, the direct effect of mindfulness on social intelligence and wisdom and the direct effect of social intelligence on wisdom were positive and significant (P<0.001). In addition, the indirect effect of moral intelligence and mindfulness on wisdom mediated by social intelligence were positive and significant (P<0.05). 

According to the findings of this research, wisdom in female high school students can be improved as a result of improving moral intelligence, mindfulness and social intelligence. Therefore, it is necessary to use educational programs to improve moral intelligence, mindfulness and social intelligence with the aim of improving their wisdom.

Today, modern information and communication technologies occupy most of students' time, and due to its wide spread and unknown nature, it has caused many social damages to students' behavior. Students are one of the groups that are affected by the harms of cyber space, and the intensity of this influence is probably more than other people. Most parents are unaware of this issue and think that their children go to the Internet to find out about the latest games and books. In addition to cyberspace addiction, academic failure, fatigue and depression, feelings of loneliness, lack of security, identity crises, sexual deviations, reduction of social interactions, tendency to roam the internet and as a result the appearance of cyber violations are among the most important risks that students face. The purpose of the present research was to examine the family harms of cyberspace in female students of the first secondary school in Arak city.The study was conducted as a survey and a researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data. The statistical population of this research was 11,602 female students of the first secondary school in Arak city. Using Cochran's formula, the sample size was calculated equal to 371 people, after discarding incomplete questionnaires, 365 questionnaires were analyzed. The sampling method is cluster and stratified random. In this way, first the statistical population of first secondary students was divided into three categories of seventh, eighth and ninth grade students. To randomly access the students, first the districts and then the four first secondary girls' schools of Arak city were selected by cluster sampling, and then from within these schools, students of the seventh, eighth and ninth grades were selected using cluster sampling. Information was collected.

The results show that the most family harms of cyberspace are at a low level with 52.3%. After that, the average amount of this damage is 29.3%. The average of the dimension of family damage is 2.25 out of 5, which indicates that the amount of family damage is low. The average variables of social support, religiosity and family control are 3.44, 3.66 and 3.08 respectively and are in the average range.The variable of family harms of cyberspace has an inverse and significant relationship with the variables of social support, religiosity, and family control and supervision. This means that with the increase of variables of social support, control and supervision of family and religiosity, the variable of family harms of cyberspace decreases. The results of the multivariable regression model of family harms of cyberspace show that the multiple correlation (R) is equal to 42%, which indicates that the variables of social support, religiosity and family control and supervision are simultaneously 42% have a relationship with family harms of cyberspace. The coefficient of determination (R2) is calculated as 18%. This means that about 18% of the changes in family harms of cyberspace are explained by independent variables. The standard effect coefficients in this study show that the strongest predictors of family harms of cyberspace variables are religiosity (beta=-0.21), social support (beta=-0.20) and family control and supervision (beta= are -0.19). 

One of the hypotheses of the research indicates that there is a relationship between social support and family harms of cyberspace in female first secondary school students, which was confirmed by the findings of the research. The theoretical approach of social support in connection with social solidarity has a history as old as classical sociology. By proposing the concept of social solidarity, Durkheim indirectly pays attention to social support as a product of social relations. Although, for the first time, he discussed the influence of the network of social relations and the support resulting from this network in pathology. But social support has received less attention in social pathology analysis. Social support is defined as the amount of love, companionship and attention of family members, friends and other people. Some consider social support to be a social reality and some consider it to be a result of individual perception.Another hypothesis of the research shows that there is a relationship between parental control and family harms of cyberspace in first secondary school girls, and the results of this research confirm the mentioned hypotheses. Hirschi believes that the four main elements that connect the individual and society include: dependence on society, commitment, engagement (participation in social activities), belief and believing in social rules. Therefore, if moral standards are internalized in the individual and people have close ties with society, they intentionally limit their tendency to commit delinquent behaviors. Attachment is the first element of Hirschi's social bond and is defined as the emotional bond of people with important others such as family, friends, religion and close relatives. So, the higher the person's connection with the family, the less deviant behaviors such as injuries related to cyber space.One of the hypotheses of the research indicates that there is a relationship between religiosity and family harms of cyberspace in first secondary female students, and the results of this research confirm the mentioned hypotheses. Hirschi claims that the existence of connection with religion and... has a significant relationship with life satisfaction, acquiring knowledge and academic success, self-esteem and peace of mind. Also, the lack of connection with religion, etc., has a significant relationship with people's deviance and the risk of mental illnesses in the long term. Hirschi states that people who have strong links with society are less inclined to deviate from society's norms; Because they have internalized and accepted the norms of the society.

The purpose of this research was to present a model of gender discrimination among secondary school students in Semnan province.This work was done by conducting a qualitative research of the grand theory type, which method is exploratory. In this research, it was analyzed through literature review and exploratory interview regarding the presentation of the model, based on the data-based method and the content analysis method (coding of analysis unit, categories, and registration unit). To conduct the field survey, the statistical population of the research was experts and professors in the field of educational management, who had the necessary experience and knowledge regarding the subject of the research; that these people had published at least one research (research article, lecture, research plan, book authoring and translation) in the field of gender discrimination in education. Also, some managers and female teachers who were interested in the subject of the research. In order to identify these people, in the case of experts and professors, the purposeful sampling method was used, and in the case of managers and female teachers, the snowball method was used.This sampling continued until theoretical saturation was reached and finally 17 people (11 professors and 6 managers and teachers) were identified as samples. Finally, the categories were determined in the form of 7 categories and 40 conceptual codes, and in the heart of the 6 dimensions of the paradigmatic model in the form of causal factors (2 categories), the main category:gender discrimination (1 category), strategies (1 category), and background conditions.

 The present study was designed and conducted to design a model of factors affecting gender discrimination in girls' high schools in Semnan province. In terms of applied purpose, the present study was descriptive-survey in terms of data collection method, which was qualitative based on the research approach. The statistical population of this research was experts and professors in the field of educational management who had the necessary experience and knowledge about the research topic; these individuals had published at least one study (research paper, lecture, research project, author and translation of a book) in the field of gender discrimination in education. Also some female principals and teachers who were interested in the research topic. In order to identify these individuals, purposive sampling method was used for experts and professors and snowball method was used for female principals and teachers. This sampling continued until the theoretical saturation was reached and finally 17 people (11 professors and 6 principals and teachers) were identified as the sample. Open, axial and selective coding were used to examine the data of the qualitative section. Max QDA Pro software was used to analyze and codify the interviews. The results of the present study showed that 6 general components of managerial factors, attitude of education managers, community attitude, individual attitude, family attitude and macro laws are effective factors on gender discrimination in girls' high schools in Semnan province. Paying attention to the identified factors can be a good way to eliminate gender discrimination in girls' schools.

The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral group counseling on increasing the general health of female students. The current study is a semi-experimental type in which a pre-test and post-test design was used with an experimental group and a control group. The statistical population of the research was made up of all female high school students in the first secondary level of Marand city, and among them, 30 people (15 people each in the experimental and control groups) were selected by purposive sampling and randomly replaced in the experimental and control groups. In this research, the 28-question general health questionnaire of Goldberg and Hiller (1979) was used to collect information. Data analysis using multivariate covariance analysis method showed: teaching cognitive-behavioral approach in a group manner increases students' social functioning and significantly reduces their symptoms of depression, anxiety and physical symptoms (P≤ 0.05). It is concluded that cognitive-behavioral therapy can be well used and effective in order to increase the general health of students due to the cultural closeness with the Iranian society.

Social networks in society show the shaky, changeable and flexible identity of new people and identity in the information society is severely threatened due to the existence of virtual communities. People in virtual communities are a threat to real communities and have at least one thing in common, and that is the interests and interests for which they have come together. These benefits, which are the same as access to information, build identity; An identity that is constantly changing and unstable. The identity of individuals in the virtual world is a digital identity. Neither the land, nor the indigenous and local language, country, race and national culture have a role in determining it. The purpose of this article was to investigate the effects of social media consumption on the social health of 10th grade girls in Birjand. The method of the present study is descriptive and correlational. The study population includes all tenth grade female students (1831) (sample size based on Morgan table, 318 people were selected by proportional sampling method. (2015) and social health by Keys (1988) Data analysis was performed with SPSS software, Amos.

The structural equation model had an acceptable fit and the social network was negatively and significantly with a confidence level of 99 Predicted the percentage of social health (P = 0.000, B = -0.56) and the coefficient of determination of the model of predicting social health was 43%, which means that by increasing one unit to predictor or exogenous variables (Social networks) We have a 43% increase in the social health variable.

Social networks affect the social health of female students.

Students spend an important part of their lives in school. In this period, special opportunities are provided for their cultivation and growth. The subject of creativity is one of these opportunities that, if formed in this period, will have favorable consequences in various cognitive, social, and psychological aspects, and will increase the chances of success in life. Creativity includes talent, initiative and creating, which exists potentially in every person and at every age and is closely related to the socio-cultural environment. Creativity has also been defined as those mental activities that lead to unique and new solutions, ideas, conceptualizations, artistic forms and theories. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of time management on school commitment and creativity of female high school students in Ahvaz.

The present study was applied in terms of purpose and pre-test and post-test semi-experimental design with control group. The statistical population of this study included all high school students (second) in Ahvaz in the academic year 2018-19-, which was determined from 3 districts of the city, district 2 and then 50 students were randomly selected. The selected samples were assigned to two experimental groups (n = 25) and the control group (n = 25). The research instruments included the fear intervention time management educational program (2008), the Torrance Creativity Test Questionnaire (MPPT) and the Abedi School Commitment Questionnaire (2009). The validity of the questionnaire was obtained by content validity and its reliability by Cronbach's alpha test method of 0.91. Time management intervention sessions (during 2 months and 7 sessions) were performed for the experimental group and no training was provided to the control group during this period. Descriptive statistics (frequency, mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistical methods (analysis of covariance of univariate and multivariate with Spss24 software) were used to analyze the data.

The results showed that the effect of time management intervention on school commitment and students' creativity in the experimental group increased significantly compared to the control group and this difference continued (p <0.01).

Considering the effect of time management on school commitment and students' creativity, planners of the educational system should include skill courses such as planning and time management in the secondary school curriculum in order to improve life skills along with the topics of the course.

The present study aimed to investigate the effect of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy on pre-school children’s anxiety. The research method was semi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with control group. The statistical population of the study was all students with anxiety disorders in Abhar, Zanjan. The statistical sample consisted of 30 subjects (anxiety disorder) who were selected by cluster-sampling method and randomly were embedded in two experimental and two control groups. Preschool Anxiety Scale (PSA) and Conner’s Form were used for pre-test and post-test. At first, a pretest was performed on subjects in all four groups, and then the subjects received 12 sessions of 1 hour weekly two sessions of remedial education. After the intervention, the subjects in each of the four groups were evaluated by post-test. For analyzing the data, covariance analysis was used. The results showed a significant difference between the mean of post-test scores of the experiment and control groups (anxiety disorder) (P <0.05 and F = 50.33) .In other words, cognitive-behavioral therapy reduces children's anxiety.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between of academic burnout and academic conflict with the mediating role of academic resilience. The research applied in terms of purpose and method was descriptive, correlational one. The statistical population of the study included all female high school students in Behshahr in the number of 2110. The statistical sample was 325 people using Krejcie and Morgan table, and stratified random sampling according to educational level. The instruments for collecting data were Questionnaires of Salanova & Schiofli Academic Burnout (2007), Rio Academic Conflict (2013) & Samuel's Academic Resilience (2004) Questionnaire. The collected data was used for analyzed by Structural equation modeling using the partial least squares method (PLS). The results of this study showed that there is a significant relationship between academic burnout and academic resilience with academic conflict. 78.1% of academic conflict and 51.3% of academic resilience is explained by academic burnout. And the academic resilience variable has a mediator effect on the relationship between academic burnout and academic conflict. Fit indices indicate that the proposed model is an appropriate fit.

The present study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of academic vitality training and psychological capital on the academic engagement of female students.

This research was a semi-experimental type with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of this research included all secondary school girls of the 7th district of Mashhad in the academic year of 2020. 45 people who had a lower score in the dependent variable and were willing to participate in training sessions were selected as a sample and were randomly divided into two experimental groups and one control group (15 people in each group). One week after the pre-test for all three groups, one experimental group was exposed to the independent variable of academic vitality training and the second experimental group was exposed to psychological capital training, and the control group did not receive any training and then from all The groups were taken after the test. Rio (2013) standard academic engagement questionnaire was used to collect data. In this research, in order to investigate the differences between groups, multivariate and univariate repeated measure variance analysis was used, taking into account the intragroup (test) and intergroup (group membership) factors.

The results showed that teaching academic vitality and psychological capital increases academic engagement in female students. The results showed that there is no significant difference between the effectiveness of academic vitality training and psychological capital on academic engagement.

According to the findings, it can be concluded that academic vitality training and psychological capital are effective in increasing academic engagement and there is no difference between their effectiveness.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the psychometric adequacy of the Cyber-Victimization Scale among 326 girl students of Tehran that were selected with the use of virtual snowball sampling. In this correlational study, they completed the Cyber-Victimization Scale (Buelga et al., 2019), Parent-Adolescent Communication Scale (Purcell, 2007), and Multidimensional Peer Victimization Scale (Joseph & Stockton, 2018). The exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis methods and internal consistency were used to compute the CYBVICS's factorial validity and reliability, respectively. To examine the construct validity of the CYBVICS, correlations between different dimensions of CYBVICS with Parent-Adolescent Communication Scale and Multidimensional Peer Victimization Scale were computed. The results of principal component analysis (PC) and varimax rotation replicated 2-factor structures: direct cyber-victimization and indirect cyber-victimization in the Iranian sample. The goodness of fit indices of confirmatory factor analysis with the use of AMOS confirmed the 2 extracted factors. Correlational analyses between CYBVICS's factors with Multidimensional Peer Victimization Scale's factors provided initial evidence for the CYBVICS convergent validity & correlational analyses between CYBVICS's factors with Parent-Adolescent Communication Scale's factors provided initial evidence for the CYBVICS discriminant validity. Internal consistency for the CYBVICS's factors was desirable (a=0.93). In sum, these findings provide evidence for the validity and reliability of the CYBVICS as an instrument to assess the Cyber-Victimization among Iranian girl students.

Security is one of the most important needs for the stability of a society, and paves the ground for its growth and development. The police performance in various ways can be effective in maintaining security feeling. The present study was aimed at investigating the impact of police support on female students' security feeling studying in Sari schools.

The research is of survey type, and of applied type in terms of purpose. According to the statistics of the Education Department of Sari, the statistical population includes 9040 female high school students studying in Sari. The sample size was 386persons who were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling, based on Cochran's formula. A questionnaire was used for collecting data. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS and Pearson t-test analysis and regression.

The analytical findings of the study indicate that the three variables of police performance (with Pearson coefficient 0.68), variable of trust in police (Pearson coefficient 0.58) and police social support variable (Pearson coefficient 0.56) have a positive and significant relationship with the female students’ security feeling. Also, the presence of police around school at the time female students enter and leave school (with the above three constituents) has managed to explain (54%) more than half of the security feeling of female students.

 The Purpose of the present study was to investigate the prediction of Internet addiction in adolescents in Qazvin based on responsibility and defensive styles.

 The research method was descriptive-correlational in terms of applied data collection method and quantitative data type in terms of data type. The statistical population of all high school students in Qazvin was in the academic year of 2019-20. Using the stepwise cluster sampling method, 325 people were selected as the sample size. Internet addiction questionnaires (Yang, 1996), Responsibility (California, 1948) and Defense Styles (Anders et al, 1993) were used to measure the variables studied. The analysis of the information obtained from the implementation of the questionnaires was performed through SPSS20 software in two descriptive and inferential sections (Pearson correlation, step-by-step regression).

 The results showed that responsibility is negatively associated with Internet addiction. Growing defense mechanisms are negatively associated with Internet addiction and have a positive relationship with underdeveloped and psychotic defense mechanisms. Also, the results of step-by-step regression analysis showed that responsibility along with developed defense mechanisms and psychologically impaired defense mechanisms can explain 10% of Internet addiction variance.

 Addiction is associated with the influence of conscientious personality and developed defensive styles and disorders I and II, and people with conscientious personality with less developed defensive styles are less addicted to the Internet.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the use of virtual networks with mental health and isolation among high school girl students in Tehran.

This research is descriptive-survey and correlation research. The statistical population of the study included high school female students in District 1 of Tehran in the academic year of 1995-96 and a multistage cluster sampling method was used for selecting the sample. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire using virtual networks, and questionnaires (Goldberg's General Health, GHQ-28) and (Social Justice deductibility), whose validity was verified through face validity, and their reliability through coefficient Cronbach's alpha was calculated (0.86), (0.88) and (0.90), respectively. To analyze the data, Pearson correlation test was used through "SPSS 21" software.

The findings showed that there is a significant relationship between the use of virtual networks with isolation and all four components of mental health (physical symptoms, sleep disturbance, anxiety, social function and depression) in female students (p<01/0), The relationship was also significant for use of virtual networks and physical symptoms at 5% (p<05/0) level, and for the other three variables at 1% level (p<01/0).

Based on these results, it can be said that since the use of virtual networks is effective in mental health and isolation of students, it can be used to identify students with problems in this field, to train related to this field in order to increase Mental health and prevent their isolation.