شادکامی

One of the issues that has attracted a lot of attention in today's world is the discussion of self-control behaviors, critical thinking, creativity, and the feeling of being alive, which is closely related to happiness and is considered one of the most important human virtues. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between thinking styles and self-regulation with the happiness of secondary school girls in Qochan city in the academic year of 2014-2014. The method of this research is descriptive and correlational. Statistical population In this research, all secondary school girls of Qochan Shahzastan in the academic year of 1403 who are studying, 80 people were randomly selected as a sample by cluster sampling method. The measurement tools include three questionnaires of critical thinking styles, self-regulation and happiness respectively. Pearson's correlation coefficient method was used to analyze the research data and decide whether to reject or confirm the hypotheses, and regression was used to predict the effect of each aspect of critical thinking and self-regulation on happiness indicators. The results of the regression analysis showed that there is a significant relationship between critical thinking and self-regulation with the happiness of secondary school girls with a confidence level of 95% and a correlation coefficient of 0.38. Also, the analysis of the regression model showed that 12% of happiness changes are predicted by critical thinking and self-regulation.

This study aimed to investigate the mediating role of basic psychological needs and happiness in the relationship between teacher-student interaction styles and the social competence of female middle school students in Lahijan.

The research method was descriptive-correlational and applied in terms of its purpose. The statistical population consisted of 1885 female middle school students in Lahijan during the 2023-2024 academic year. A total of 203 students were randomly selected using cluster sampling. Data collection was conducted using standard questionnaires: the Teacher-Student Interaction Questionnaire by Murray and Zuzak (2011), the Happiness Questionnaire by Argyle and Lu (1989), the Basic Psychological Needs Questionnaire by Guardia, Deci, and Ryan (2000), and the Social Competence Questionnaire by Parandin (2006). The validity of the instruments was confirmed by experts, and their reliability was verified using Cronbach's alpha. Data analysis was performed using structural equation modeling and statistical software Smart PLS and SPSS.

The results showed a positive and significant relationship between teacher-student interaction styles and students' basic psychological needs (path coefficient 0.799), happiness (path coefficient 0.599), and social competence (path coefficient 0.451). Additionally, there was a positive and significant relationship between basic psychological needs and happiness with students' social competence, with path coefficients of 0.195 and 0.425, respectively. Further analysis revealed that basic psychological needs and happiness mediate the relationship between teacher-student interaction styles and social competence.

The findings indicate that teacher-student interaction styles significantly impact students' basic psychological needs and happiness, which in turn influence their social competence. Therefore, it is recommended that educational policymakers focus on enhancing teacher-student interactions, identifying and fulfilling students' psychological needs, and promoting their happiness. Additionally, conducting training sessions for teachers to improve their communication and teaching skills can play a crucial role in enhancing students' social competence.

Happiness and well-being in personal life and also the satisfaction married life are important, so the present study was conducted with the purpose of explaining Happiness of Married Women in Mashhad (North-western Iran) Based on Self-Compassion and Marital Conflicts with the Mediating Role Self-efficacy. The present research method was descriptive-correlation based on structural equation modeling. The statistical population is all married women of Mashhad city in 2022-2023, which 411 people were sampled through available sampling method. In order to collect data, Oxford Happiness Inventory, Neff self-compassion Scale, Barati and Sanaee Marital Conflicts Questionnaire, Sherer self-efficacy scale were used. Pearson correlation and structural equation modeling (path analysis) methods were used to analyze the data. The results showed that the variables of compassion, marital conflicts and self-efficacy have significant relationship with happiness of married women. the relationship between self-compassion and happiness, the value t statistic was directly 6.15 and indirectly 8.746. the relationship between marital conflict and happiness, value statistic is directly 4.798 and indirectly 2.803. relationship between self-compassion and marital conflict with happiness, the value of t-statistic was obtained indirectly equal to 5.724 (p≤0.05). Finally, the results the present research showed that married women's self-efficacy plays a mediating role predicting happiness based on self-compassion and marital conflicts. Due to importance of happiness in married life, it is for this reason creating a platform for creating compassion, self-efficacy marital conflicts in order to increase the happiness of married women is one of the requirements that officials and planners should pay attention to.

The subjective well-being of immigrants in the host society and what factors affect it, including social exclusion, is one of the basic problems of social sciences in recent years. Subjective well-being refers to people's emotions, perceptions, cognitions, and life experiences of each person. The study examines the relationship between perceived social exclusion and subjective well-being.This research has been done by survey method. Data was collected through a structured questionnaire administered to a sample of 380 Afghan immigrants 15-59 years old, living in Shiraz, who were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. It was observed that in general, the subjective well-being of immigrants has been moderate to high and the rate of social exclusion in this study was moderate. The correlation test revealed that greater feelings of social exclusion and poor subjective well-being are associated and vice versa. Further, the result showed that social exclusion and its two dimensions of social participation and material deprivation were significant predictors of the outcome variable on subjective well-being.The perceived social exclusion in the host society is related to immigrants' assessment of their present and future lives. In order to reduce the feeling of being neglected and increase the sense of well-being in the immigrants' communities, designing community-based interventions to solve the mental health and social health issues is mandatory.

Happy women, wives and mothers strengthen the family unit at the micro level and inject happiness into society at the macro level; Because a happy person is an innovative, efficient, productive, creative and constructive person. Therefore, recognizing happiness is an undeniable and indisputable necessity in today's world. The purpose of this study is to identify the factors affecting women's happiness and design a model of factors affecting women's happiness. The research community is the articles of authoritative scientific-research journals related to the subject, which have been published during the years 1300-1400. The research sample was 13 standard research articles which were selected and reviewed from 92 articles after ranking them. The research method was qualitative and meta-combined. After extracting the factors affecting women's happiness, the results showed that, in the mentioned articles 61 concepts were identified and approved by experts in the field of women and family. Finally, the concepts were classified into 5 main categories of individual, society, family, social capital and lifestyle and their sub-categories and were explained as factors affecting women's happiness and presented in the form of a model. The findings indicated that, the presented analytical model for the factors affecting women's happiness was compatible with Maslow's pyramid of needs hierarchy.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of life skills training on the happiness and anxiety reduction of primary school students in Malekan city.

The research method was semi-experimental. The statistical population includes all male students of the sixth grade of elementary school in the academic year 1402-1403. 40 students of sixth grade were selected as samples and were replaced in two experimental and control groups. The data collection tools in this research included the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (1989) and the Spielberger Anxiety Questionnaire (1970). The experimental group received life skills training in 10 sessions of 40 minutes, while the control group did not receive any intervention. In order to analyze the data, descriptive statistics methods (mean, standard deviation, skewness and kurtosis) and in the inferential statistics section, multivariate and univariate covariance methods were used.

The findings indicated the significant effectiveness of life skills training on reducing anxiety and increasing happiness in students (p=0.001).

Therefore, according to the obtained results, life skills training can be used as a program in primary schools to reduce mental problems including anxiety and increase the level of happiness of students.

This study aimed to investigate role of cognitive emotion regulation strategies with psychological hardiness and happiness of students.
 The method of the present study is one of the descriptivel and correlational studies. The statistical population consisted of all girs' secondary high school students of Esfahan city in the academic year of 2022-2023(38697 student). The sample included 381 students They were selected to participate in this research by multi-stage cluster sampling method using Cochran Formula. The data collection tool was the emotion regulation questionnaire (Gross, John, 2002), hardiness questionnaire (Kobasa, 1979) and Oxford happiness questionnaire (Argyle & Lu, 1989) were used. Data analysis was performed analysis of Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression  in software SPSS-23.
The results showed that there is a positive and significant correlation between the cognitive regulation of emotion (reevaluation, suppression) with the components of psychological toughness and the components of happiness in students' life. In addition, the results of stepwise regression showed that the components of cognitive regulation of emotion, with (β = 0.614, p < 0.01) 39% of psychological toughness and (β = 0.424, p < 0.01) 30% positively predicts biological happiness.
In sum, the results of this study confirm it can be concluded that when the cognitive emotion regulation strategies can be suitable solutions to increase psychological hardiness and happiness in students.

The present research aimed to develop an integrated model of a vitality-oriented lifestyle. Vitality has always been an essential inherent need of humans and with an accelerating role in the process of society development. This research was conducted within the framework of a qualitative approach, using the grounded theory (GT). To this end, studies on vitality and happiness from 2012 to 2021 were evaluated. Data analysis was performed in three stages, namely open, axial, and selective coding, based on which a qualitative research model was designed. The research results indicated the extraction of 49 codes or basic concepts from the interviews, as well as 19 concepts and 9 dimensions. Social, cultural, economic, psychological, demographic, and religious factors are some determinants of a vitality-oriented lifestyle. Based on the research findings, the components of social and economic factors directly affected the vitality-oriented lifestyle. Religiosity and cultural factors intervened in the vitality-oriented lifestyle. Furthermore, demographic status and psychological characteristics were the underlying factors of a vitality-oriented lifestyle. The increase in social capital, improvement of psychological status, and human development were also the consequences of a vitality-oriented lifestyle.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between Sternberg thinking styles and the three Dimensions of Perfectionism with the happiness of female high school students in Khoy. The research method was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlational in terms of data collection. The Statistical population of the present study included female high School students in Khoy city in the 1399-1400 academic year, with a number of 5300 according to the report of the Department of Education. Multi-stage cluster random sampling method was used to select the sample. Krejcie and Morgan sampling table was used to determine the sample size and 357 people were selected as the sample. Data collection tools were the Sternberg Thinking Styles Inventory (TSI), the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (MPS) and the Oxford Happiness Inventory (OHI). Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and Multiple regression analysis. The results showed that, there is a positive and significant relationship between thinking styles and its components (legislative, executive and judicial thinking styles) with the happiness of female high School students. Also there is a negative and significant relationship between perfectionism and its components (self-centered, other-oriented and community-oriented perfectionism) with the happiness of female high school students. In addition, thinking styles and perfectionism are able to predict happiness in students. .

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the role of organizational socialization, group cohesion and quality of work life in the happiness of female employees. The research method was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of nature and method. The statistical population of the research includes all female employees of Mashhad welfare organization (230 people). Based on the simple random sampling method and according to Cochran's sampling formula, 86 female employees were examined as a sample. Library and field methods have been used to collect data. Four standard questionnaires including organizational socialization, group cohesion, quality of work life and happiness were used to collect data. The content validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by the professors. Cronbach's alpha was used to check the reliability of the questionnaires, which was calculated for organizational sociability (0.83), group cohesion (0.80), quality of work life (0.85) and employee happiness (0.88). Pearson's correlation test and multiple regression test were used to examine the research hypotheses. SPSS and SmartPLS software were used for data analysis. Pearson's correlation test and multiple regression test were used to examine the research hypotheses. The obtained results showed that organizational socialization has an effect on the happiness of female employees. Group cohesion has an effect on the happiness of female employees. The quality of work life has an effect on the happiness of female employees.

This study aimed to examine the subjective well-being of Afghan immigrants residing in Shiraz and explore the factors associated with it. The statistical population of this research comprised Afghan immigrants aged 15-59 living in Shiraz city, from which a random sample of 380 individuals was selected. Data collection involved in-person interviews and the administration of a questionnaire. The well-being scale utilized in this study was developed by Samaram and Mahboubi (2013). The findings indicate that, on average, 62.2% of the respondents reported a moderate level of well-being, while 30.8% expressed a high degree of well-being. Overall, the subjective well-being of immigrants in this research was considered average. Moreover, the results highlight the association between gender, marital status, employment status, length of stay in Iran, income, and economic class with the level of subjective well-being among Afghan citizens living in Shiraz. The perception of well-being is relative, as individuals' assessment of the objective life conditions and existing realities shape their feelings about life and its quality, consequently influencing their level of happiness or unhappiness.

The aim of this study was to compare the level of happiness of parents with one child and parents with several children. The research method is causal-comparative and the research tool was the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (1989). The population of this study  was all teachers with children in Qom province. In this study, 120 male and female teachers (35-55 years old) from two groups of parents  with  one child (37) and several children (83) were selected by random cluster sampling. Participants responded to the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire items. The results show that there  was a significant difference between the level of happiness in the two groups of parents with one child and parents with several children and parents  with  several children has a higher level of happiness than parents with one child.

The purpose of this research was to estimate happiness based on religious beliefs, spiritual intelligence, and personality traits.

The current research is quantitative and fundamental and was carried out using the correlation analysis method. The statistical population included all married female preschool teachers in Khorram Abad and Dora Chegani cities, 102 of whom were selected as a sample using the available sampling method. Data collection tools included Argyle's happiness (1989), King's (2008) spiritual intelligence, and McCrae and Costa's (1985) personality traits. Data analysis was done using Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis. The

The results of the correlation coefficient showed that there is a direct and significant relationship between the component of developing awareness of spiritual intelligence and the personality traits of extroversion and conscientiousness with happiness. The results of multiple regression analysis showed that among the components of spiritual intelligence, the expansion of consciousness component is a stronger estimator for happiness and explains about 0.09 of the variances of its scores. Also, the results of multiple regression analysis showed that among the sub-characteristics of personality, extroversion, and conscientiousness are stronger estimators for happiness and explain about 0.29 and 0.21 percent of the variance of its scores, respectively.

The obtained results showed that the components of spiritual intelligence and personality traits of preschool teachers play a role in their happiness. Therefore, in order to improve the level of happiness, it is possible to assess and train the components of spiritual intelligence and pay special attention to personality traits.

Although the use of the happiness economy approach does not have much history, since policy makers generally make decisions in the direction of increasing well-being and public satisfaction, it becomes important to quantify the concept of mental well-being and examine the factors affecting it in order to improve happiness in society.

The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of government size on people's happiness in two different regimes according to the level of human development in 110 selected countries for the period of 2006 to 2017. For this purpose, threshold panel regression has been used. The information needed for this research includes the happiness variable from the World Happiness Information Bank, economic growth rate, unemployment rate, inflation rate and government size from the World Bank database and human development index from the United Nations Development Program.

The model estimation results show that the variables of government size, economic growth, inflation and unemployment have a significant effect on happiness. According to the threshold limit calculated for the human development variable (0.577), the effect of government size on happiness is different in two regimes.

According to the findings of the research, increasing the size of the government below the threshold of human development leads to a decrease in the happiness of the people of the society, but after crossing the threshold of human development with the increase in the size of the government, the happiness of the people increases, which shows the efficiency of the government policies. Also, with the increase in economic growth, happiness increases and with the increase in inflation and unemployment, happiness decreases, and the noteworthy point is that the negative effect of unemployment is greater than the negative effect of inflation.

The sudden onset of Corona disease has caused anxiety in the family, especially mothers. Because getting sick, in addition to the risks to physical health, has various psychological effects such as chronic anxiety due to getting Corona disease and fear of death. In this regard, the present study aims to investigate the state of happiness and resilience of mothers in the face of Corona anxiety. This study was conducted by survey method. The statistical population of the study is all married women with children over 20 years old in Kashan city that multi-stage cluster sampling method has been used. Data collection tools were the standard Oxford Happiness Questionnaire, the resilience variable by the Connor and Davidson questionnaire, and the anxiety caused by Corona by Alipoor et al. Also, using Cronbach’s alpha and composite reliability and coefficient above 70% for each dimension was calculated, which indicates the appropriate reliability of the questionnaire. The results of this study show that happiness (life satisfaction, positive mood, health, efficiency, self-esteem) and women’s resilience (acceptance of positive emotions, spirituality, trust in personal instincts, competence) on Corona anxiety (physical and psychological symptoms) are related and its value is equal to 0.4778. 

This study examines the studies of religiosity with happiness in the Islamic Republic of Iran using a meta-analysis approach. The statistical population of the study included master's theses, doctoral dissertations and articles related to religiosity and happiness. A total of 39 studies entered the meta-analysis process using purposive non-random sampling as a sample. The effect size coefficient was evaluated using CMA2 software. The results show that the magnitude of the effect of religiosity studies with happiness is equal to 0.410, which is interpreted as moderate but up according to Cohen's criterion. The results of the study also show that as the time of the Islamic Revolution of Iran, the relationship between religiosity and happiness is increasing and this shows that religiosity is one of the most important variables related to happiness in the Islamic Republic of Iran. The results also showed that the relationship between all dimensions of religiosity and happiness is significant, while the doctrinal and ritual dimension of religiosity has the most relationship with happiness, but the consequential and experimental dimensions have a low relationship with happiness. Therefore, considering the social conditions of Iranian society and studies conducted in this field, happiness as a social phenomenon is affected by various factors, including the religiosity of citizens, so this factor in interaction with other factors in society affects the happiness of citizens. Research has shown that citizens who believe in and practice religious issues are happier than others.

Introduction:

Happiness and vitality have been the raw materials of change, evolution, and social life for human begins. They have been among the indicators of development in societies. In terms of social policy, happiness is also a very important issue because the happier a nation is, the more he/she will feel prosperous. From this perspective and in the field of social policy, happiness is considered by several thinkers as one of the components of social welfare and by others as the end of social policy, in which a person’s needs are met and his problems are managed so that he/she feels happy and satisfied. Happiness is one of the characteristics of Iranian culture and has an impact on family institution. Creating happiness by parents in the family environment can bring dynamism to the society. The happier the parents are, the happier the children will be and vice versa because the people’s happiness in the family is understandable. Because of the importance of happiness in the family environment, the aim of this  research was to explore woman’s role in family happiness.

Materials & Methods:

 The present study was a qualitative research, which was conducted based on thematic analysis in Yazd City in 2019. The study sample included all the married women aged 22-55 years, who had at least one child, in Yazd City. Some of them, including housewives to employees, had up to 3 children. Purposeful sampling was performed with maximum variability. To access the study area, the necessary arrangements were made for those, who wished to be interviewed. The interviews were held in the places where the interviewees were more comfortable and chose themselves. Some interviews were conducted at the interviewees’ homes and some were recorded outside their homes. In-depth interviews were done with 20 women until they were saturated. This meant that interviewing with new samples added no additional information to the research. The times of interviews took from 50 minutes up to an hour and 10 minutes. The interviews were recorded and transcribed. This step was performed with the knowledge of the principle of confidentiality and anonymity of the research participants. In the last step, the data were coded and analyzed by the thematic analysis technique.

Discussion of Results & Conclusions:

The results were presented in 5 final themes: acceptance of the role of motherhood, economic management, acceptance of the role of femininity, interactive-supportive strategies, and elimination of cultural stereo-types. The findings showed that the conditions that created family happiness by women were provided by accepting and playing the roles of motherhood and femininity. Also, putting aside cultural stereotypes and confronting economic problems when dealing with the members increased family happiness. The women sought to increase happiness by creating their own interactive and supportive strategies and an intimate discourse atmosphere in the family. The women of the present study did their best to have a happy and lively family environment since they considered their family members’ happiness as their own happiness. They felt happy when their spouse and children were happy.In fact, happiness for them was summed up as the happiness of their family institutions. It could be concluded that the micro- and macro-level factors in the society affected the way women created happiness in their family environments. This meant that the micro-level factors included psychological factors, such as acceptance of motherhood roles, acceptance of marital duties, and interactive-supportive strategies in individual families. Also, at the macro-level of the society, factors like cultural and economic issues inevitably affected the creation of happiness by mothers in the home environment. Consequently, a type of discourse that creates happiness through cultural and educational institutions in the family institution at the micro level and in the society at the macro level is recommended.