مسئولیت مدنی دولت

Damages caused by fine dust as air pollutants are numerous and varied and despite the fact that these fine dusts have destructive and harmful effects on the environment, in the field of domestic law, less attention has been paid by the legislator. The purpose of this study is to investigate the various methods of preventing criminal acts to compensate for the damage caused by fine dust.

The research method is a review study and the use of library resources.

In this study, preventive measures due to dust, law enforcement through administrative authorities (tax office), cases of control and prevention of dust in Iranian law, methods of compensation for dust, conditions of compensable damage, methods of compensation Compensation and methods of guaranteeing the principle of full compensation were examined. Studies have shown that prevention is the golden rule of law in domestic and international law. The use of tax tools and methods of prevention in various legal and criminal laws if effective It is one of the most important tools to control and reduce air pollution. Police and surveillance systems, including "prohibition", "prior authorization" and "prior notification", can be considered in relation to dust damage. the accumulation of the pillars of civil liability of the government means that the government is obliged to compensate the damages and the perpetrator of the damage must be held accountable for his wrongdoing and return to the previous situation under the pretext of exercising his right to act.

Articles 301 to 337 of the Civil Code, below are the titles of inappropriate acting, usurpation, wasting and humiliation, set out the rules on civil responsibility. However, to complete the Civil Code, the legislator, in 1339 The Civil Liability Act, which was adapted from the Swiss Obligations Act, was adopted. The results of the review of this law can be stated that: 1- Some articles of this law have been implicitly promulgated because of the enactment of laws such as the Islamic Penal Code, which is very important for the recognition of these outdated materials.2- There have been some errors in the writing of some of the provisions of this law that have led to erroneous interpretations. For this reason, although the law was an effective step in the development of civil liability rights in its time, it has emerged over time, with its shortcomings, which necessitated the development of a more comprehensive law.

Cyber attacks of states responsibility is accepted in International law. Cyber attacks are targeting basic installations like governmental bank, energy, transportation systems which connected to cyber networks. Although cyber attacks aren’t kinds of use of force, aggression or armed attack but they are kinds of intervention in internal affairs of State which are a breach of international law. A state would be responsible if the attack attributes to that State. Cyber attack can be done by individuals who are employed by State and by Internet Service Provider Companies in to extent which these cyber attacks are done in public authority of that state. In this way it is necessary that that Draft Convention on International Responsibility of State be amended in relation to cyber attack requirements . victims of this attack can refer to I.C.J for damages and can refer to U.N security council as the political body of U.N to denounce aggresive states.