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This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between spiritual attitude and resilience of parents with behavioral problems of adolescent children. The current research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of correlational research method. The statistical population of this research includes teenagers in the first and second year of secondary school in Bojnourd city in the academic year of 1402-1403, which was done as a cluster sampling. Using questionnaires to measure behavioral problems, resilience and spiritual attitude, data was collected from students and analyzed using descriptive statistics methods (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics methods and using SPSS statistical software. The findings show that the correlation between anxiety and resilience; depression and resilience; physical complaints and resilience; aggression and spiritual attitude; Spiritual ability and anxiety; There is a strong association between spiritual ability and depression, as well as spiritual ability and delinquent behavior. Also, between aggression and resilience variables; depression and spiritual attitude; lawlessness and spiritual attitude; Aggressiveness and spiritual attitude as well as spiritual ability and aggressiveness have a very strong correlation. Law-breaking behavior and resilience have a moderate correlation. Other findings include the weak correlation between physical complaints and spiritual attitude, as well as spiritual ability and physical complaints. According to the findings, it can be concluded that there is an inverse correlation between the spiritual attitude and resilience of the parents with the children's behavioral problems.

With the world's growing population, waste generation has become a major challenge, and recycling has gained attention as one of the primary solutions to address this crisis. Among the factors contributing to success in waste recycling, raising public awareness and changing citizens' attitudes towards this process are crucial to increase their recycling behaviors. In this study, 384 female citizens aged 18 to 65 from the city of Ilam were surveyed. The data collection tool was a questionnaire, and the data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics with the SPSS software.The present study indicates that the average awareness of Ilam women regarding waste recycling is at a moderate level; their average attitude towards this issue is also relatively positive. However, the extent of recycling behavior among Ilam women remains at a moderate level. These results suggest that most Ilam women are in favor of recycling but do not practice it sufficiently. In other words, there is a gap between their awareness, attitude, and practice. Based on the findings of this research, it is recommended that continuous educational and awareness programs, the establishment of appropriate infrastructure, the encouragement and motivation of citizens, and inter-sectoral cooperation be considered to promote a recycling culture in the urban community of Ilam.

This research is a secondary analysis based on data from the World Values Survey (2020), examining the factors influencing value and attitudinal distinctions within the Iranian family institution. The study aims to identify and analyze patterns of change in attitudes and beliefs related to family, sexual relationships, domestic violence, gender roles, and social responsibilities in Iranian society. The results indicate that social attitudes in Iran are changing under the influence of factors such as age, gender, economic status, and cultural shifts. The majority of respondents (71.9%) oppose premarital sexual relationships, but generational gaps and positive changes are observed regarding abortion and divorce. Additionally, society is increasingly opposed to violence against women and children. Data analysis reveals that individuals with university education and urban residents hold more modern attitudes towards social issues. Furthermore, economic status influences attitudes; with increasing income, acceptance of abortion and divorce increases. These changes are particularly evident in younger generations and among individuals with better economic standing. These findings underscore the need for policymakers and social planners to pay attention to these changes and adopt approaches appropriate to the evolving society.

The purpose of this study is to design a conceptual model of the role of organizational communication in crisis situations with a systemic approach. A systematic approach provides a framework for problem solving by creating a holistic, comprehensive and systematic approach to establishing appropriate communication in crisis situations, which leads to the efficiency of the communication system, controlling the feedback of activities and making appropriate decisions by managers. The present study is descriptive-survey in terms of data collection and developmental in terms of purpose that was conducted in two steps. In the first step, by reviewing previous theories and researches, related dimensions and components were extracted and the initial conceptual model was designed. In the second step, the proposed model was evaluated by key experts and informants. The statistical population of the study included professors, managers and experts in the fields of crisis management and communications in the executive organs of Khorasan Razavi province who were selected by purposive sampling. The number of these people was 52 and with 87% participation, 45 questionnaires were collected. Data analysis was performed first by normality test and then using t-test in SPSS software. The results of the research led to the identification of the most important dimensions and components and the design of a model for the role of organizational communication in crisis situations with a systematic approach. Finally, some suggestions were made for the effectiveness of this process is presented.

One of the most popular advertising strategies is using celebrity endorsers, and the goal of this research paper is to evaluate the impact of the benefits of celebrity endorsement and examining the moderating effect of the perceived value of utilitarian and hedonic products. The present study’s method was quantitative and a sample of 220 people from two groups of consumers of utilitarian products (Ronix products) and hedonic products (Bijan products), each group consisting of 110 people, was formed. In order to examine the effect of celebrity endorsement on behavioral intentions, two advertisements by Mr. Milad Keymaram for Ronix products and Mr. Amin Hayaei for Bijan products were used, and the structural equation modeling technique was applied to evaluate the research hypothesis. Finally, the moderating effect of the perceived value was evaluated in the two groups of consumers of utilitarian products and those of hedonic products. The findings of the study show that the type of product and the perceived value of the consumer for hedonic and utilitarian benefits moderate the sales promotion tools in utilitarian products on purchase intention and do not have a moderating effect in the hedonic group. It was also found that celebrity endorsement is effective on consumers' behavioral intentions in both groups and brand image plays a mediating role in the relationship between celebrity endorsement and behavioral intentions in the utilitarian perceived value group. The findings of this study can be useful for marketers to develop an effective behavioral intention promotion strategy by considering the different impact of the perceived value classification of sales promotion benefits products.

The purpose of this study is to measure and compare the degree of adherence to the mother tongue between the three ethnicities of Turks, Kurds and Lors, and to identify the factors that explain the differences in the degree of adherence of different ethnic groups to the mother tongue. For this purpose, a questionnaire was distributed among a sample population of 300 people, equal to 100 students of Turkish, Kurdish and Lori who were studying at Tarbiat Modares University. These indicators were used among the three ethnicities of Turks, Kurds and Lors. The results show that the level of adherence and attitude of the Lor people towards their mother tongue is significantly different from that of the two ethnic groups, Kurds and Turks. Although the Lors have less adherence to their mother tongue than the Turks and Kurds, but their tendency towards ethnic identity has been as great as theirs. Therefore, it can be concluded that the degree of adherence to the mother tongue is influenced by the amount of objective opportunities that a language provides for its speakers in order to communicate more and improve the economic and social situation, rather than being influenced by mental factors such as ethnic identity. Both Kurdish and Turkish, as languages belonging to foreign language communities, provide more opportunities for their speakers than Lori, which is limited to the borders of Iran; As a result, speakers have a more positive attitude towards these languages and a greater degree of adherence.

This research aimed to investigate the factors affecting wife abuse, emphasizing the mediating role of spouses' attitudes towards the rights and duties of spouses among husbands and wives in Azarshahr, Tabriz. The research method was a survey, and the statistical population included all husbands and wives in the households and the social emergency center of Azarshahr. The sample size consisted of 50 husbands and wives selected from among the members of the statistical population using stratified, multi-stage, cluster, and systematic random sampling. The data was collected by a researcher-made questionnaire and a standard wife abuse questionnaire. Due to the small sample size limitation, the Partial Least Square structural equation model was used for data analysis. The findings showed that the differences in gender, level of education, income, level of wife abuse, attitudes, childhood experience of wife abuse, reasons for wife abuse between the respondents of households, and social emergency were not significant, but the age and number of children were significantly higher in the respondents of social emergency center. The results of the Partial Least Square structural equation showed that wrong attitudes had a direct effect on wife abuse of 29% and childhood experience of wife abuse had a direct effect of 23%. The childhood experience of wife abuse had a direct effect on wife abuse of 22% through the mediation of increasing wrong attitudes. The spouse's education and the couple's income had a 29% and 23% negative effect on wife abuse, respectively. Moreover, spousal income reduced 31% of the direct impact of wrong attitudes on wife abuse. Increasing the awareness of couples about their rights and duties will reduce wife abuse, and the socio-economic development of the family can have a deterrent effect on the reduction of this issue.

The current research is a qualitative study of domestic violence against women using the grounded theory method. The studied population is married women from the outskirts of Khorram Abad city. The purposeful and theoretical sampling method and the data collection tool was in-depth interview, and after interviewing 20 of these women, theoretical saturation was achieved. In order to analyze the data, Strauss and Corbin's approach was used. The findings show that the interviewed women have experienced a wide range of violence.The central phenomenon of this study is "patriarchal attitude and helpless women against violence"; The causal conditions governing this phenomenon, the three categories of husband's addiction, economic issues, patriarchal attitude; The ruling bases of this phenomenon are power relations, domination of men and inferiority of women, lack of support from family and friends, lack of legal and social support; And the intervening conditions of the central phenomenon are the three categories of weak life skills, forced and early marriage.The strategies used by women in the face of violence are help from supportfamily networks, tolerance and coping, isolation and withdrawal, and resistance and finding solutions, which have consequences such as mental-psychological problems, turmoil in the family atmosphere

The relationship between man and the environment is always changing. Entering the age of industry and modernity, humans have changed their lifestyle based on instrumental rationality and with selfish and one-sided decisions, they have created many environmental crises that worry and worry the public in different societies and the environmental issue has become a global and social issue. In this regard, the current research has also been conducted with the aim of sociological investigation of factors affecting environmental activities. The research method of the current study is survey type. The statistical population includes all environmental activists in Marivan and Baneh cities, 385 of who were selected through Cochran's statistical formula and stratified probability sampling in order to collect information. The data collection tool is a researcher-made questionnaire based on the qualitative part of this research, and the data analysis software is SPSS software. The results of Pearson's r correlation test show that the correlation between all the independent variables of the research includes attitude towards environmental activity as a political matter, attitude towards environmental activity as an aesthetic matter, attitude towards environmental activity as an economic matter, attitude towards Environmental activity as a religious matter and attitude towards environmental activity as a health matter were statistically confirmed with the environmental activity variable at a significance level less than 0.01. Also, the results of the multivariate regression analysis indicate that the independent variables in the regression model have been able to explain and predict 65.4% of the changes in environmental activities. Meanwhile, the environmental activity variable as an aesthetic issue has had the greatest impact on the dependent variable.

COVID-19 has led to numerous effects on mental health and family-related issues. This research was conducted to determine the relationship between domestic violence and marital instability with the mediation of ineffective attitudes on the commitment of women in Karaj during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research method was descriptive and of the correlation type and structural equation model. The statistical population of this research included all married women living in Karaj in 1401-1400. 200 people were selected by available sampling method and answered the marital commitment questionnaire, domestic violence questionnaire, standard marital instability questionnaire, and ineffective attitude questionnaire. The proposed model was analyzed by the structural equation modeling method and using SPSS version 26 and AMOS software. The findings showed that the direct paths including the effect of domestic violence on women's commitment, marital instability on women's commitment, ineffective attitudes on women's commitment, and domestic violence on marital instability in the sample at the 0.05 level are correlated and have a significant relationship. Also, the indirect effects of marital instability and domestic violence through ineffective attitudes on marital commitment are correlated and have a significant relationship between them. The modified structural model of the research had a good and desirable fit with the research data. Therefore, the relationship between domestic violence and marital instability with the mediation of ineffective attitudes on the commitment of women in Karaj during the COVID-19 pandemic is confirmed. The research findings were also discussed with Johnson's power theory and Stanley and Markman's commitment theory.

In today's world, where various scientific researches, particularly in the field of entrepreneurship, are taking place at a high rate, a meaningful engagement with observable, tangible, and practical outcomes for solving human challenges is challenging. One of these areas is the cultural approach to entrepreneurship, which, as a specific goal, can influence the development of social entrepreneurship among women through other variables. However, due to the multitude of studies, the researcher derives their findings scientifically from the results of these researches. Additionally, considering the broad field of cultural entrepreneurship studies, namely women's entrepreneurship, the researcher systematically analyzes and reviews the quantitative research of other researchers in a comprehensive manner using CMA2 software. Based on this model, the total number of relevant articles searched on this topic from 2010 to 2021 is 1547 articles. Out of this number, 305 articles were selected, and following the standard protocol, 17 articles were included in the analysis basket. This analysis basket has been transformed into comparable and aggregable values, with effect size being a crucial measure in interpreting the results. The results indicate a positive and significant impact of cultural attitudes on the development of women's social entrepreneurship, and the effect size is perceived as a strong influence according to Cohen's interpretation. Ultimately, the results of this research can be utilized in the field of entrepreneurial businesses and sociology.

A better understanding of the relationship between dowry and women's perceived beauty is of great importance in achieving practical solutions for promoting women's rights and reducing gender discrimination. Therefore, examining women's attitudes about the impact of dowry on their perceived beauty in married life provides important approaches for taking preventive measures. The aim of this study is to identify the factors affecting women's attitudes towards the relationship between dowry and perceived beauty.

This study was conducted using the Q method, and all married female students of Zabol University were considered as the statistical population. 30 students were selected as the sample size. 28 factor arrays were provided to the participants, along with a Q diagram, using 28 question cards for each participant, in which they marked their level of agreement or disagreement with each proposition. The reliability of the Q table was calculated as 73%. Factor analysis was used to analyze the data.

The results of factor analysis showed that there is a significant relationship between dowry and women's perceived beauty. The instrumental approach to dowry, cultural differences in determining and receiving dowry, the inability of men to pay dowry, and the linkage of dowry with the status and position of women are among the most important factors that can play a stimulating role in women's perceived beauty.Keywords: Dowry, Women's perceived beauty, Attitude measurement, Factor analysis, Q method.

The concept of social responsibility of the university focuses more on the role and performance of the actors within the university institution, especially the professors and staff whose behavior and performance affect the opinion of its audience. In other words, due to the continuous cultural, economic, social and technological changes in today’s world, the educational, research and scientific needs of society have also changed, and this requires individuals and academic organizations to change and update their social responsibilities to fulfill more ethical and humanitarian work. The quality of work life of the organization’s employees, considering the increasing complexity of societies and labor markets and paying more attention to the nature of human resources, is of special importance in creating a suitable platform for strengthening the social responsibility of university staff. According to some experts, part of the stagnation of productivity and the reduction of product quality in some countries is caused by the shortcomings of the quality of work life and the changes that have occurred in the interests and priorities of employees. This study tries to examine to what extent the quality of work life of the employees in the academic units and centers of Payame Noor University in North Khorasan plays a mediating role in the relationship between the religious attitudes and social responsibility of the employees of this university.

This research is cross-sectional and applied (descriptive and correlational) with a quantitative approach and survey method. The statistical population of this research consists of all 152 professors and employees of the centers and units of Payame Noor University in North Khorasan who worked in the academic year 2018-2019, including official, contract and corporate employees. The sample size for this study has been determined based on the formula and table provided by Kerjesi and Morgan (1970), ensuring a professional and statistically sound approach to the research. Therefore, it includes 108 people from the academic and administrative staff of the university. Since the names of North Khorasan employees were available in the province’s administrative affairs department, systematic random sampling was used for sampling. The data collection tool was a questionnaire that included four sections: demographic or contextual items, items related to measuring social responsibility, religious attitude and quality of work life. The questionnaire had a total of 29 items to measure social responsibility (legal dimension 6 items, economic dimension 6 items, ethical dimension 8 items and altruistic dimension 9 items), 18 items to measure religious attitude (belief dimension 6 items, experiential dimension 6 items and consequential dimension 6 items) and 10 items to measure the quality of work life (the dimension of growth and development of human capabilities 4 items, the dimension of legalism 3 items and the dimension of the quality of the work environment 3 items). After preparing the names of 108 colleagues based on the ratio of the statistical population to the sample size (1.4), the necessary arrangements were made by automation and telephone correspondence, and the consent of the participants was obtained. The questionnaire forms were sent electronically and through WhatsApp.

The results indicate that there are significant relationships between some dimensions of religious attitudes and social responsibility. The correlation coefficients and the significance coefficients show the strength and direction of these relationships. There is a significant and positive relationship between the belief dimension of religious attitudes and social responsibility. The correlation coefficient is 0.186, which means that as the level of belief dimension increases, the level of social responsibility also increases. There is a significant and positive relationship between the experiential dimension of religious attitudes and social responsibility. The correlation coefficient is 0.246, which means that as the level of experiential dimension increases, the level of social responsibility also increases. There is a significant and positive relationship between the opportunity to grow and develop human capabilities and social responsibility. The correlation coefficient is 0.477, which means that as the level of growth opportunity increases, the level of social responsibility also increases.

The research results showed that the religious attitude of Payame Noor universities in North Khorasan had a significant direct effect on their social responsibility. These findings are consistent with the research results of Ghasemi, Badsar and Fathi (2015), Vakilifard and Hosseinpour (2014), Haghighatian, Hashemianfar and Moradi (2011), Su (2019) and Bramer, Williams and Zinkin (2007). According to the research findings, the higher the belief and experiential dimensions of the religious attitude of the staff, the higher their social responsibility, but there was no significant relationship between the consequential dimension of the religious attitude and social responsibility. The consequential dimension was actually a consequence of religiosity (Hasani & Mohammadi, 2018) and perhaps for this reason it did not have a meaningful relationship with social responsibility. Among the components of religious attitudes, the experiential aspect and then the belief aspect could strengthen the generalist and altruistic attitudes of the staff and thus explain the variance of their responsibility. It should be noted that in order to strengthen people’s religiosity, in addition to teaching religious teachings, advertising and holding religious ceremonies and rituals, the proper behavior and performance of managers and people who try to promote religiosity in the organization are very important. The research results also indicated the significant effect of the quality of work life on the social responsibility of the staff of Payame Noor Universities in North Khorasan. All three investigated components of the quality of work life, namely the quality of the work environment, legality and opportunities for growth and development of human capabilities, had a positive effect on the responsibility of staff. These findings are in line with the research results of Omidi and Alavi (2017), Mahdian, Taheri Goodarzi and Khorramimoghadam (2014). Actions such as recognizing the issues and problems of staff, providing a context for career advancement and observing fairness and law in the promotion of people, avoiding discrimination, training and empowering staff and giving enough autonomy to capable people, improving organizational communication and timely encouragement can improve quality. staff’s lives and of course increase their social responsibility. According to the research results, the variable of religious attitude did not have a significant effect on the quality of life. This result is consistent with the findings of Toloui and Sabour Esmaili (2013) and Karami and Hoseinpoor (2013). In this regard, it can be argued that the quality of work life of staff is more related to the quality of the work environment, a set of tasks or organizational functions, and the culture that governs the organization than it is influenced by their religious attitude. At the same time, it was also stated that the religious attitude of staff was able to show a significant effect on their social responsibility as an independent variable. The responsibility of staff at North Payame Noor Khorasan University was significantly affected by the quality of life and especially the quality of the work environment, rather than being affected by religious attitudes.

This research was implemented with the aim of investigating the social factors affecting the formation of the of premarital relationships between girls and boys in Pasargad township.

The method of this study is descriptive-survey and the statistical population of the study is 9900 people, including young people aged 15 to 30 years old of Pasargad township. The sample size derived from Cochran's formula is 371 people and the sampling method is random sampling in such a way that the writer divided the mentioned township into 4 main regions, went to each of these locations and selected them randomly . The research tool is a self-made questionnaire which the its validity was formal type and the variables have been determined using the opinions of the course professor and statistics experts. Also Cronbach's alpha was used to measure reliability which the result was 0.9.

The results of multivariate analysis showed that the tendency of friends to friendship with the opposite sex had the most effects and was able to explain 0.30 of the changes in the dependent variable. In inferential analysis there is a significant relationship between all independent variables studied except the level of education with the dependent variable of formation of girl-boy relationships. The result of the t-test for investigating the education variable showed that the level of education does not have effect on the formation of premarital girl-boy relationship. Keywords: Social factors, Girl-boy relationships, Family attitude, Tendency of friends to the opposite sex, Social class

The expansion of modernity and globalization has led to the diversity of identity sources and reflexivity of identities of the past among women. The method of this research is survey and by selecting 385 married women aged 18-44 years in urban areas of the city of Kashan by the multi-stage cluster sampling method. The results of this research indicate that in all dimensions of gender identity studied except for maternal identity and body image management, the average score of women is higher than the expected average. Multivariate analysis showed among all the attitude variables related to the reflexivity identity, only the attitude toward maternal identity had an effect on women's fertility; The fertility of the studied women decreases as it become more modern. Also, the results of the path analysis indicated the mediating and central role of maternal identity in the indirect effect of some other gender identity variables on fertility. This issue highlights the importance of the attitude towards maternal identity. Since women don't summarize their identity as in the past in family, the motherhood role and having children, it is recommended that expansion of facilities and support programs for mothers and reduction of conflicts between the motherhood role and other sources of new identity of women such as employment and education should be placed on the agenda of population policies.