advocacy

As social issues grow increasingly intricate, governments often find themselves lacking in the ability to provide comprehensive solutions. Effective policymaking transcends the confines of government bureaucracy. External consultants, known for their independence, utilization of professional researchers, stakeholder proximity, and advanced research methods, possess notable capabilities in problem identification and policy formulation. However, limited access to decision-makers and the rigid governmental structure restrict their effectiveness. Consequently, employing innovative methods and blending technical recommendations with political activism becomes imperative for these institutions. One such approach is advocacy, employing communication and informational tactics to influence decision-makers throughout the policy cycle. This article aims to explore advocacy tools, recommending their strategic application at each stage of the policy cycle for political advisory bodies. It begins by elucidating the literature surrounding policy advisory systems, emphasizing recent studies highlighting the significance of media attention. Following this, the article employs a case study approach to delve into how a political advisory institution in Iran conducts advocacy activities related to migration. The research findings shed light on the types of advocacy activities deemed beneficial at various stages of the policy cycle, enhancing the efficacy of advisory bodies' recommendations for decision-makers.

In our country, a lawyer as a representative is listed under an establishment, and it is necessary to distinguish between the profession of legal representation and other ordinary representation. In western countries, these two are separated and the simultaneous use of two models of representation is prohibited. This research has been done by analytical-descriptive method. Its purpose is to compare the Islamic-Iranian model of advocacy with its western model. It was concluded that the common law of most western countries did not provide a definition of representation and left this important to the executive process. Therefore, at the place of execution, the difference between the two types of attorneys is evident and the simultaneous use of judicial and civil attorneys is prohibited. As a result, the possibility of lawyers abusing their powers has decreased, which is considered a preventive measure against crime. Influenced by the Islamic-Iranian model of our country, according to the respectable jurists, a definition of advocacy has been implemented, and there is no definition of the profession of advocacy in other legal sources. Therefore, in the first place, it is necessary to state the exact definition of legal representation and then separate their nature and legal effects from each other. The executive system of our country is not able to influence the subject's rights like the western executive system.

The aim of this research is to present an advanced model of competency-based succession planning in education-oriented organizations. This research is applied-developmental in terms of its purpose, descriptive in terms of data collection and cross-sectional survey method. The statistical population of the research includes 8000 staff and administrative staff of five national and free universities, of which 366 were selected using the Cochran formula using cluster random sampling method. A questionnaire was used to collect research data. Data analysis was performed using SPSS and AMOS statistical software. This research has 7 components (key competencies and abilities, determining succession policy, value-based foundation, organizational support and support, strategic planning in the field of succession planning, talent identification and formation of talent pool, training and improvement of talents). The results showed that the research model has a good fit, in other words, the general indicators confirm that the data well supports the patterns.

The online registration of advocacy in Iran in practice is different from the past and has a new structure and follows new bylaws in the field of registration rights. There is no necessity for the awareness of the lawyer and client regarding the dismissal or resignation in the instruction for using E-deeds registration websites. In American Law, although the Law of the Notary Public has envisaged some rules regarding online registration, the issue of online registration of advocate and its dissolution has not been mentioned and has only mentioned some general rules. The prevailing viewpoint of the Imamiya jurisprudents and that of Imam Khomeini has similar approach with the instruction of the enforcement of notary instructions regarding the necessity of the awareness of the advocate. The nature of the voluntary dissolution of the advocacy from the viewpoint of jurisprudence and law has been comparatively studied in this research. The findings of this research show that with the establishment of the Online Registration System, and the significant issue of the announcement and explicit information of the client and advocate of dismissal or resignation or implementation of the delegated subject, in order to protect the security of the legal relations of the people and reduce legal disputes and remove the shortcomings of the Iranian legal system, the advocate and the client must be immediately informed through electronic notification about dismissal or resignation or withdrawal or any other issue related to the advocacy by improving the legal mechanisms through ADLiran.ir (Sana)Website. The third persons too should be able to receive information about the authenticity of the documents and deeds through the website of the State Organization for Registration of Deeds and Properties. Thus, the number of the deals that are carried out due to the lack of awareness of the advocate of his/her dismissal will be reduced and the number of legal lawsuits too will be reduced.

In sports research, little attention has been paid to the discussion of advocating for women's football over advocating for "men's soccer." Although research has been conducted on sports advocacy in sports in countries such as the United Kingdom, Denmark, and Australia, there are problems in the field of advocacy for women in most countries, including Iran. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the slogan of 25 minutes of games Tabriz Tractor Club. The present research is exploratory and based on qualitative studies and its research method is based on content analysis. This means that the data analysis collected during the interviews was analyzed based on the content analysis method. Targeted sampling method was used due to dispersion and lack of accessibility. Finally, organizing themes under four groups; Structure, institution, rules of signification, sources of domination were extracted. We can also mention the influential factors in the slogan of 25 minutes to create culture in sports stadiums (training fans, defining the duties of support in professional football and getting acquainted with football culture).

With the passage of the Law on Interest-Free Banking Operations in September 1983, the legislature has tried to bring bank operations into line with Islamic standards. But by examining the relationship that exists between depositors and banks on the one hand, and between banks and investors on the other, it is clear that the legislature is more It seeks to justify the banks' practice of pursuing monetary policy in accordance with Islamic law. In any case, Islamic jurisprudence cannot ignore the nature and issues related to bank depositors according to the operations carried out by this huge financial institution, so the law on interest-free banking operations was approved in September 1983 and from the beginning of 1984. It was implemented. According to the findings of this study, either the will and agreement of the parties (depositor and bank) should be respected and this type of contract should be considered effective, or due to the pervasiveness of the religion of Islam by examining and considering jurisprudential sources to meet the needs Let's get a new human. Also, with the conditions of time and place, there has been a great evolution in inferential rulings. In this regard, the role that the media plays in the dynamism and enrichment of such issues is not hidden from anyone.