communication

The aim of the current research was to design a model of teacher-student media communication in elementary school. This research was conducted with a qualitative method of phenomenology. The scope of the research was formed by the teachers and students of the elementary level of Birjand city. According to the nature of the research, the purposeful sampling method was used. 13 teachers and 10 students received data through semi-structured interviews. In order to analyze the data, open, axial and selective coding methods were used. Lincoln and Goba criteria were used to ensure validity and reliability. Findings from the lived experiences of teachers and students in the form of 4 main themes of goals and reasons (news and awareness, education and file sharing, guidance and counseling, supervision and care, de-crisis, entertainment and leisure management), opportunities and threats. Internet infrastructure, equipment and electronic devices, way of thinking and culture, lack of expertise and technology literacy, availability and flexibility of time and place), development solutions (development of local social networks, promotion of student educational network (Shad), use of mass media, development of Internet and intranet infrastructures, support for underprivileged families, development of media literacy, switching to online platforms) and achievements and consequences (saving training time, easy and simple communication, monitoring and timely intervention, formation of learning Deeper and motivated, digital distraction, addiction and mental problems and academic failure) were organized.

Introduction The living environment is a crucial factor influencing the type and quality of human life. The environment and the changes that occur within it play a significant role in shaping individuals' psychological and emotional states (Nadimi et al., 2012, p. 91). Student housing is not merely a place of residence for students; it should also foster their academic, mental, and personal development (Abdi et al., 2019: 95). Entering university marks a critical stage in life, often accompanied by significant changes in social relationships. One such change involves the formation of new expectations and roles that students assume upon entering university (Reza Soltani, et al., 2013, p. 38). This experience is particularly challenging for students who are separated from their families and must live in a new city and student dormitory (Anvari, 2016, p. 106). The period of higher education, or student life, is one of the most transformative phases in an individual's life. During this time, students undergo significant changes due to new educational experiences, unfamiliar situations, and the pressures of new expectations. These changes can have a lasting impact on their future. For students studying in a city away from their home, living in a student dormitory further intensifies these transitions. The student dormitory plays a vital role in providing a sense of security for non-native students, making it an essential component of the higher education system (Saeidi & Esmailzadeh, 2009, p. 44).Farhangian University, like other universities, admits a large number of non-native students each year, many of whom must reside in dormitories. At Farhangian University, dormitories hold a unique educational and developmental role. The university's mission is to train teachers in alignment with the values of the Islamic Revolution, and as a result, students spend a significant portion of their time in the dormitories. These halls serve as spaces where student-teacher relationships are cultivated, and students gain valuable experiences through these interactions. Investigating these experiences is of great importance. Moreover, there is a lack of research on student communication within the context of student life in the halls. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore the nature of student communication in dormitories. Method Given the nature of the subject under study, the approach of the current research is qualitative, specifically of the phenomenological type. The research participants were female student teachers residing in the dormitories of Farhangian University, Imam Sajjad Campus, in South Khorasan. A purposive sampling method was used to select a sample of 11 participants, all of whom had at least two semesters of living experience in the university's student residence. The sample size continued to grow until theoretical data saturation was reached. The research tool was a semi-structured interview, and data collection was carried out through these interviews. During the interview process, a variety of questions were posed, and the main questions are:What are your experiences of student communication in dormitories?What challenges and problems have you encountered in your communication with students’ dormitories?What opportunities has student communication in dormitories created for you?What are the characteristics of student communication in dormitories?What have been the effects and outcomes of your communication with students in dormitories?To analyze the data, Colaizzi’s (2002) seven-step strategy was employed. Additionally, MAXQDA (version 11) was used during the data analysis stages. To evaluate the results of this qualitative research, the criteria set by Lincoln and Guba (1985) were applied.Findings and ConclusionThe findings from students’ lived experiences were categorized into four main themes and nine sub-themes: characteristics (individual, social), consequences (moral, behavioral, and cultural), opportunities (group and individual) and challenges (personal, intellectual, and cultural). The results revealed that communication among students in the dormitories has created numerous opportunities and challenges. Key opportunities include enhanced communication skills, academic progress, exposure to new concepts and the development of teamwork abilities. However, alongside these opportunities, students identified several challenges, including personal differences, cultural variations, differing morals and attitudes, and the lack of private space.Based on these findings, it can be concluded that student communication in the dormitory can foster both personal and social growth. The relationship between students and teachers in the dormitories is shaped by the needs of both groups. Both students and teachers view communication in the dormitories as an opportunity and use this platform for self-improvement, aiming to make the most of their four years of study.

The Ashura event, due to its immense significance and impact, has been analyzed from various perspectives. It may be argued that few events in the world, particularly in the Islamic world, have had cultural penetration comparable to that of Ashura, deeply influencing the psyche of free-spirited individuals. Thus, this phenomenon is unique from a communicative perspective and contains numerous mysteries awaiting discovery. However, despite its importance and influence, it has been rarely examined from a communicative standpoint. Accordingly, the present study aims to identify the communicative elements of Ashura, particularly their embedded meanings, inspired by a semiotic approach, exploring their explicit and implicit connotations. The results indicate that Imam Ḥusayn (peace be upon him), acknowledging the lack of apparent victory, aimed for a "soft victory" and the revival of the Sunna of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him). The elements and components of Ashura, such as "utilization of sacred time and space," "deconstruction and presentation of a manifesto," "selection of a familiar destination," "symbolic use of feminine decorum," "utilization of poetry," "symbolization of water," "production of aphorisms and conceptual dichotomies," and "symbolization of tears," each possess unique implicit connotations. Understanding these connotations not only elucidates the logic behind these elements for contemporary audiences but also reveals their implicit messages. Collectively, these components signify an overarching implicit connotation: the revival of the religion of Muhammad (peace be upon him) and the delineation of a path of guidance for the free-spirited individuals of the world, particularly the Ummah of Muhammad (peace be upon him), in all ages and eras.

Today, in many countries, media literacy has received the attention of scholars and the public, and many variables can affect media literacy. The present study was conducted with the aim of analyzing the role of mindfulness on media literacy with the mediating role of communication styles. This study was conducted with a descriptive type and a survey method in terms of its applied purpose. The statistical sample of this study is 325 students of Shahid Beheshti University. In order to analyze the data, the partial least squares method and Smart PLS-2 software were used. Convergent validity was used to measure validity, and Cronbach's alpha was used to fit reliability, and its coefficient for all research constructs is greater than 0.7. The results obtained indicate that mindfulness has a positive and significant effect on the media literacy of Shahid Beheshti University students. Also, the positive and significant effect of mindfulness on communication styles was confirmed. On the other hand, communication styles also have a positive and significant effect on media literacy. Finally, the results of this study showed that communication styles do not play a mediating role in the relationship between mindfulness and media literacy.

The widespread dissemination of false information and disinformation on social media platforms has significantly contributed to social unrest, polarization, and erosion of trust in traditional institutions. This phenomenon, deeply rooted in cultural, social, and psychological factors, is a complex interplay of various elements. The need for social validation, peer group influence, cognitive biases, and flawed information processing mechanisms all contribute to the spread and acceptance of false information.Research indicates that the psychological concept of confirmation bias plays a pivotal role in the dissemination of misinformation. Individuals are more likely to seek out and believe information that confirms their pre-existing beliefs, regardless of its accuracy. Moreover, the echo chambers created by social media algorithms can reinforce these biases, limiting exposure to diverse perspectives.Knowing the cultural and communication contexts and designing strategies to deal with it seems to be a matter. The present study was conducted with the aim of identifying and analyzing the fields of research on the spread of real crimes among Iranian teenagers. Using the qualitative method and three-stage analysis (game, personality, selective) of semi-structured interviews, six main axes (family, friends, platforms, cultural values, opinion leaders, government) were identified.The findings indicate that multiple and complex factors in this field combine to create the spread and acceptance of false information. These existing researches in the cultural and communication fields come to the conclusion that neglecting these, as well as the occurrence of incorrect actions and omissions, can lead to the aggravation of the crisis in future events and the deepening of social gaps. In other words, in such a situation, values ​​such as "woman, life, freedom" are more important as a symbol of resistance against this situation.

In the present research, the lived experiences of parents-teacher media communication in the academic year 1402-1403 have been analyzed in a qualitative and phenomenological way. Participants in this research were 15 teachers and 10 parents from primary schools in Birjand city, who were selected in a purposeful way and participated in semi-structured interviews. Colaizzi analysis method was used to analyze the collected data. The findings from the lived experiences of teachers and parents in media communication in 5 main themes, the goals and reasons of media communication (transfer and sharing information, responding, clarifying, informing and recording events), communication methods (simultaneous, asynchronous), communication tools ( Messenger, video conference and online systems, electronic printed materials, survey and electronic form, website, student educational network (Shad), challenges and limitations (parental employment, literacy and education level, lack of material and internet resources, attitude and manner Thinking about technology, age conditions, type of residence), advantages and opportunities (easy and convenient, flexibility in time and place, increased speed and moment-to-moment monitoring, event recording and archiving) were classified. In general, we can conclude that with the entry of media platforms into the field of communication, teacher-parent communication has also been affected and media platforms act as facilitators in the field of communication. In the present research, the lived experiences of parents-teacher media communication in the academic year 1402-1403 have been analyzed in a qualitative and phenomenological way. Participants in this research were 15 teachers and 10 parents from primary schools in Birjand city, who were selected in a purposeful way and participated in semi-structured interviews. Colaizzi analysis method was used to analyze the collected data. The findings from the lived experiences of teachers and parents in media communication in 5 main themes, the goals and reasons of media communication (transfer and sharing information, responding, clarifying, informing and recording events), communication methods (simultaneous, asynchronous), communication tools ( Messenger, video conference and online systems, electronic printed materials, survey and electronic form, website, student educational network (Shad), challenges and limitations (parental employment, literacy and education level, lack of material and internet resources, attitude and manner Thinking about technology, age conditions, type of residence), advantages and opportunities (easy and convenient, flexibility in time and place, increased speed and moment-to-moment monitoring, event recording and archiving) were classified. In general, we can conclude that with the entry of media platforms into the field of communication, teacher-parent communication has also been affected and media platforms act as facilitators in the field of communication.

One of the certain principles in human communication is the application of rules that guarantee the mental health of society, and a major part of achieving mental health is observing sexual ethics, especially observing hijab. The importance of the hijab issue is revealed when Satan, in his first encounter with man, tries to make him naked in order to put him in a position of psychological pressure; Therefore, the purpose of the upcoming article, which was carried out with the method of library studies, is to try to realize the theoretical foundations of hijab, which some are trying to remove under the pretext of the slogan of women, life, freedom and with the aim of increasing psychological pressure on the society. Relying on the word "clothes" is because this word can carry the meaning of covering and comfort. In addition to referring to clothing as a symbol of clothing in humans, the Holy Quran has also paid attention to its comforting symbol. In the semantic analysis, clothing is placed in a semantic field with the root "sakana" - which means relaxation; The combination of these two shows their close relationship and influence on each other. Based on this, hijab is not possible in the course of its realization without the accurate presentation of efficient models in mental health - which are referred to as prevention levels; It is also impossible to fully realize mental health in the society without considering the practical role of hijab.

The significance of branding has grown significantly in today's corporate world. It has become essential for any organization to have a distinct brand identity. The impact of branding has expanded to encompass not only companies but also individuals seeking to create personal brands. There is a broad spectrum of strategies to develop a brand, ranging from extensive advertising campaigns in large institutions to the creation of content by citizens on social media platforms. A wide range of factors can contribute to branding, but it's important to note that modern branding has evolved into a complex and specialized discipline. Applying a brand name to a product or organization is not about confining its scope; on the contrary, it plays a crucial role in establishing a distinct identity in the market. Effective branding goes beyond mere titling and involves a multifaceted approach. The passage states that Keller has categorized the world as having entered the era of branding for several years, but given the current necessity and importance of branding, this era has not yet truly emerged in Iran. Many organizations are either unfamiliar with the term or, if they are aware of it, their understanding of it is still very limited. The study investigated branding through communication technologies, and the article is derived from a doctoral dissertation focused on developing a public relations strategy model for organizational branding in social media platforms.

This article focuses on examining the role of public relations as a tool for brand production and promotion. Interviews were conducted with communication professors and public relations experts from around the globe. The grounded theory method was employed to gather insights and information for this study. The article utilizes the purposeful sampling method to select a sample of individuals from various continents. Our total sample size consisted of 15 communication professors and public relations specialists. Through multi-stage interviews, we collected comprehensive data, which we subsequently analyzed using MacQDA software to extract relevant concepts and categories.

The study yielded results indicating that public relations goes beyond just selling. Producing and promoting the brand, as well as its stabilization in the market, are also considered essential responsibilities of public relations. Based on the categories derived from the data, we identified crucial theories like glass aquarium, organizational identity, and community culture. These concepts significantly influence brand building within organizations, and public relations specialists should pay attention to their use, especially in the context of new communication media.

Adopting suitable strategies for brand production, promotion, and stabilization enables public relations to effectively develop organizational branding in the realm of social networks.

The present study investigates the relationship between the components of the command and control system (command, communication and information) with the military power of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The statistical population of the study includes all Payvar employees employed and retired in specialties and trends related to command and control systems at the level of the Army of the Islamic Republic of Iran and the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps. Considering that the volume of the statistical population was equal to 400 people by applying a coefficient for classification, so using the Cochran's formula, the size of the sample population was calculated to be 252 people. The type of research is applied and the method of doing it is correlation, which is used for descriptive and inferential statistical analysis to analyze the data. A self-made questionnaire was used to collect data and the reliability of the questionnaire questions was calculated 88% using the halving method. The test of research hypothesis at the level of five percent error (α = 0.05) showed that there is a direct and significant relationship between the components of the command and control system with the military power of the Armed Forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran.

The primary aim of this study is to identify the antecedents and the consequences of medical tourism development based on modern health communications. To achieve this goal, Grounded theory, a qualitative research method, has been utilized which enhanced the research model. 18 subjects, who are qualified noted figures in health tourism and health communications in Tehran, constitute the sample size of this study. Data collection has been conducted through semi-structured interviews which continued up to the point of theoretical saturation. The interviews were implemented and coded and eventually, by identifying the antecedents and the consequences, led to the identification of 78 axial codes and 15 selective codes. ATLAS.ti software was used for coding. The antecedents (effective component) in the development of medical tourism based on modern health communications are: value-based health tourism, the provision of security for tourists, the cost of the services offered to tourists, modern facilities, psychological factors, behavioral factors, demographic factors, modern technology, content marketing, and smart transportation. The process includes using social networks, working in the field of health tourism, and skilled human capital. The consequences (effective component) are: organizational results for tourism industry, tourists' results and host community. A general model was presented as the science of health communications entered medical tourism industry for the first time in order to create and improve the theory of medical tourism industry development taking modern health communications approach. The aforementioned model is considered the innovative aspect of this study.

The purpose of this research is to investigate the role of information technology on the lifestyle of the people of Izeh city. In this research, a survey method and a questionnaire were used to collect information. The statistical population in this research is all the citizens aged 18 to 60 of Izeh city with the estimated sample size of 384 people using Cochran's formula and quota and random sampling method was used to obtain the research sample. The theoretical framework of the research is based on the lifestyle theories of Bourdieu, Adler, Simmel, Weber, etc. and the theory of social changes. The analysis of statistical data showed that there is a direct and significant relationship between media consumption (use of the Internet) and types of lifestyle (leisure, consumption, social, cultural, economic, health and modern) of the people of Izeh city; But there is no significant relationship between media consumption and the traditional lifestyle of the people of Izeh.

This research answers these questions: Who are the influential actors in the field of health communication in Iran and what issues and concerns are controvercial in this area? Joint interviews with groups conducted with relevant members shows that eleven institutions and individuals are involved in the issue as actors. Also, according to the main purpose of the research on the subject, it is around six key controvercial issues. The mutual influence of the actors, the competition of each of the actors towards the goals, the convergence and divergence of the actors and the relationship of the actors with each of the goals have been analyzed using Mactor's theory-method. The findings show that the most important strategic health actors in the field of media are communication Also, according to the competition of communication players, iT engineers, media, future research researchers and health startups are the strongest players respectively. From the point of view, the ratio of actors to goals is also among the goals proposed by the actors, the explanation and evaluation of remote medicine and the explanation of accompanying health evaluation are of greater importance and priority. From the point of view of actors, explaining, evaluating and formulating social criteria is the least important and the last priority. From the perspective of convergence among actors, the strongest convergence in the future of health communication is between the Ministry of Health, medical assistants and future research researchers, and from the perspective of divergence, there is a greater distance between the two goals of explaining companion health assessment and explaining and evaluating remote medicine. This means that these two goals in the future field of health communication are not aligned with each other.

Today, Islamic civilization, as one of the most important modern civilizations left from the past, is facing an uncertain future. This civilization with several years of valuable experiences in its current state is facing challenges that can be considered a threat to its future. At the same time, due to the realization of macro trends such as the development of virtual communication, it has opportunities ahead. Accordingly, the purpose of this research is to analyze the macro trend of the development of virtual communication and Islamic civilization, in which challenges, opportunities, and threats are also investigated and identified. method includes using the verses of the Holy Quran, and hadiths, The findings show that by referring to the verses, traditions and events of the beginning of Islam, the approach of Islamic civilization can be evaluated in such a way that it accepts communication technologies to the extent that it does not distort the nature of the teachings of Islamic civilization, of course, it is not intended that this technology s in the field of society. Given that communication technologies are both opportunistic and threatening, Islamic civilization builders are trying to explore opportunities to use such technologies in Islamic society. As a result, it should be said that the Islamic society is not facing any obstacle in terms of its ability to establish a new Islamic civilization; Because for the formation of a comprehensive civilization, there is a need for the existence of foundations, developments, global coverage and global leadership, all of which are present in Islam. But the condition for the realization of this civilization will be the implementation of the explained capacities, which must be realized in two theoretical fields and objective models so that the Islamic society can fulfill its role in the near future.

By learning the role and effects of the media in the field of international communication, governments seek to influence and persuade the public opinion of other countries by making an intelligent use of communication. One of these cases is the psychological operation that is considered and used by the Zionist regime in the realm of public diplomacy. This research, therefore, aims at exploring the principles used for the matter by studying the report of “The Israel Project Global Language Dictionary”. To do this, in a comprehensive manner, the entire report, which contains 116 pages and 18 chapters in English, has been analyzed by qualitative content analysis. The results indicate that using diverse and numerous techniques in the form of psychological operations to influence the people of other countries is the main strategy of Israel, which according to the theory of constructivism is the ultimate goal of governments that intend to manipulate people’s attitudes in conformity with their wills. Based on this, the Zionist regime has used the following principles of psychological operations, mentioned in order of importance: image creation, intimidation, labeling, benumbing, incitement, creating division, provocation, making enemies, expressing through the others’ mouth, and dehumanizing.

With eleven strategic ports, Iran has acquired a large share of commercial, military and passenger shipping in the world; Therefore, it is necessary to take appropriate measures for the safety of shipping in this country. This research seeks to empirically analyze the effect of public relations strategies on safe shipping communications. The research method in this study is qualitative and quantitative. In the qualitative section, the interview tool was used, and in this regard, the experts were interviewed until theoretical saturation was reached, and data coding was done using Max QDA software, and the dimensions and components of the qualitative section are as described below. Seafarers' problems, responsibility to stakeholders, management of maritime accidents, crisis management of maritime accidents, protection of interests, demand for seafaring, maritime culture, reduction of seafarers' concerns, seafaring culture and improving the quality of seafarers' education were identified. In the quantitative part, the researcher made a questionnaire tool that was obtained from the qualitative part; After presenting the hypotheses, according to the results of the qualitative section, the research hypotheses were evaluated; And also through SPSS software, the obtained data were analyzed quantitatively. In addition, using linear regression test, the hypotheses were examined and as a result, all research hypotheses were confirmed.

 The present study, entitled "The principles and components of communication of Imam Hussein(AS) in civilization during Ashura", is research with a qualitative approach that seeks to achieve the communication plan of Imam Hussein(AS) in the year 61 with a new look at the phenomenon of Ashura which the Almighty God has drawn for that Imam Hussein to answer that question that what the principles and components of communication of Imam Hussein were in civilization during Ashura.The necessity of conducting this research has been in two ways. First, so far no research that has relied solely on the text of history itself and has been far from personal analysis which has been conducted on Ashura. Second, in order to reach the communication model of Imam Hussein, basically no research had been recorded and conducted. so the Grounded Theory method was considered suitable for this research.The researcher first has examined the civilization of the prophets in the Qur'an and the Five members of Al-Abba in the history of Islam to define the path of civilization . While, it was the turn of the history of Imam Hussein through which the 31 sources of Ashura, were carefully analyzed to extract the communication propositions of Imam.Finally, after extracting and classifying the propositions and analyzing them, the datas were classified into the following two categories:1) Principles and communication components of Imam Hussein in speech(21 subgroups): For example, "Invitations", "Prayers and Curses of the Imam", etc.2) Principles and communication components of Imam Hussein in behavior(5 subgroups): For example, "Imam's apparent awe", "Speech and principles of persuasion", etc. 

AbstractCommunication between family and school is one of the most basic issues to improve the quality of education. The purpose of this research is to know the dimensions and elements of family and school communication and to examine the related models and theories in order to design a superior model of family and school communication with a new combination. This research was done with a documentary method and a sociological approach. The theoretical basis of this research is Jonathan Turner's integrated theory of social communication. Also, the theories and models of family and school communication and the results of related experimental researches were examined and finally, by identifying the social factors affecting family and school communication and the causal relationships between them, a new integrated model was designed. The research findings showed; Family and school communication is a social process including motivational, communicative and structural processes. A process that exchanges valuable material and symbolic information and resources to meet the needs of the parties and student success. The type of communication in primary school is more than individual type and in high school it is more than institutional type. In order for communication to be formed, it is powered by motivational processes and by marking and interpreting behavior and signs between the parties, communication processes take place and through structural processes, these communications are repeated over time and organized in physical space. . On the other hand, the background characteristics of the family, school, and student affect the communication processes of the family and school, and all of them are influenced by the background characteristics of the local community, national and global society.

Using new media is one of the most important cultural issues in everyday life. The expansion and prevalence of instant and continuous communication has rapidly affected various fields of daily life. The permanent presence of virtual technologies in academic environments can hardly be denied. Meanwhile, the university has also lost its previous nature and meaning. This has especially caused a change in the function of universities in relation to the society and other social entities. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the relationship between classroom virtualization and university culture during Covid-19 Situation. The study has a quantitative paradigm and its research method is a survey. The population of the research consists of 385 students of the state universities of Tehran in three categories of face-to face, semi online and online university courses. Cluster Random Sampling and Probabilistic Sampling in proportion to the number of population have been used. The research model was tested using Lisrel software. The results show that the process of virtualization has an influence on the communication as an intermediate variable and it thus has a significant effect on the university culture and its dimensions such as lifestyle, organizational culture, etc. In other words, communication is an intermediary that mediates between virtualization and dimensions of university culture. It can be concluded from the findings that the process of virtualization has created a fundamental change in human interactions and communication and this transformation in human interactions has also spread to other aspects of university life and culture.

The expansion of information technology has created many changes in various sectors, including the field of marketing and advertising, and has added concepts such as digital marketing to the literature of the field of marketing. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating digital marketing communications. This research is of a descriptive type and has been done with a review of internal and external researches about communication and strategies used for it in digital marketing. The findings of this research show that in digital marketing, in addition to advertising content, communication and communication strategies also have a great impact on brand introduction and market attraction and its competitive advantages. In digital marketing, there are various types of communication, including interactions in social networks, advertising banners, communication through search engines, offline communication such as email, and secret communication such as advertising worms, which are used to increase awareness, interaction, experience, acquisition or retention. Customer use.