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The purpose of the present study was to reflect on pedagogical content knowledge in geography education, in order to identify and explain the constituent components of that knowledge with a review of the relevant scientific literature.

This research is a qualitative research and the research method used in this study is observational research. In the research study, the researcher conveys his personal summary of knowledge and experiences in a field to others; Therefore, in this study, the researcher, after library study, has made an observational inquiry about educational content knowledge and identified its constituent components and explained and explained them in the field of geography education. The verifiability of the findings has been done through peer review.

The results of this study are the enumeration of pedagogical content knowledge components in four sections: audience knowledge, specialized knowledge, curriculum development knowledge, and personal knowledge.

5 questions and problems are asked for specialized knowledge, 7 questions and problems for audience knowledge, 5 questions and problems for curriculum development knowledge, and 3 questions and problems for personal knowledge. The problem has been identified in order to provide the basis for more researches in this field by introducing potential research issues and questions of the constructive components of educational content knowledge of geography education.

Attitudes toward the family in the Case of childbearing and parenting in Iran have changed a lot in recent decades. The influence of the family and the proper performance of its roles, especially the transmission of values ​​and culture of the community are influenced by the attitudes of members. Concern to the importance of the issue of childbearing / parenting and attitudes toward it, the researcher intends to extract the components of attitudes toward childbearing / parenting from religious sources and to explain and study them.The research approach is qualitative-quantitative, meaning that in the qualitative part it is a method of content analysis of religious texts and in the quantitative part it is a descriptive survey method that is used to assess the validity of attitude components. In this study, first the concepts related to Childbearing / parenting and attitudes toward it were categorized and components related to attitudes toward Childbearing / parenting were extracted through coding methods (open, axial, and selective);Then, to assess the content validity of the components, the opinion of 8 experts in the field of religious sciences and psychology has been used. After evaluating the components by experts, 10 components have been approveded

Today's world is witnessing profound changes and transformations, all of which are understandable in the functional realms of identity, borders, the concept of geography (space), space and time. Identities are fragmented, borders are crossed and space and time are compressed. In this way, television as an international language is one of the effective factors in the occurrence of these changes and almost no part of the world can be found that is far removed from the waves and television messages as new ambassadors in communications policy. In the face of such a situation and to understand the components and coordinates of world television, this article has tried to examine the emergence and context of global television in the era of globalization through interviews with twenty communication and media researchers and try to analyze the components of world television in the foreign networks of the Islamic Republic Broadcasting. The results indicate that from the perspective of Iranian experts, the components of world television can be classified into four levels: technical components, content components, structural components, and finally tactical components (approach). And the contexts of the emergence and context of global television are influenced by five factors and themes: cultural, technological, political, economic and contextual.

Many cities around the world today are trying to make policy in order to become a smart city. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the policy strategies driving the transition to a smart city by using the analysis of the basic components of the realization of such cities in the metropolis of Ahvaz. Based on the research findings, 8 components of smart environment, smart economy, smart life, smart governance, smart people, information and communication technology, side factors and flexibility of citizens using exploratory factor analysis method - as effective components in the transition Ahvaz was identified as a smart city. Then, a model of smartening of Ahvaz metropolis was presented. Based on this model, to achieve a productive, humanistic, healthy, competitive and sustainable development city with the ultimate goal of improving the quality of life; In the context of smart environment, smart life and smart economy, policymakers need to pay special attention to the three components of the driving force and engine of the smart city, namely people, institution (smart governance and institutional actors).

The purpose of this study was to analyze, rank and evaluate the competency components of the departments of Islamic Azad University.

The present study was applied in terms of purpose and mixed (exploratory) in terms of data collection. The present study population consisted of all department heads of Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch in the academic year of 1997-98, and 201 people were selected using stepwise cluster sampling. To compile the components, review of documents as well as semi-structured interviews have been used as data collection tools. To analyze the findings, content analysis method was used by categorization method. Also, in order to comprehensively identify the main and sub-components of competency of managers of educational groups, 48 ​​study units in the field of competence components of managers were randomly selected and studied, and also semi-structured interviews with 10 people. Competency experts and department heads were selected and purposefully selected.

The results showed that the competencies of department heads include three main parts of managerial, social and personal competencies and 9 main components of perceptual, leadership, decision making, executive, communication, teamwork, people management, characteristics are personality and moral characteristics. Ranking and determining the importance of each component and subcomponent using AHP method. The ranking coefficients of the components are ranked in order of: managerial competencies (leadership, 0.388; perceptual, 0.268; executive, 0.210 and decision-making, 0.134), social competencies (management) Individuals, 0.445; communication, 0.294 and teamwork, 0.261), and individual competencies (personality traits, 0.703 and moral characteristics, 0.297) were identified. Also, with Demetel method, the criteria of managerial competence and social competence are the effective components and individual competence of the criterion is effective.

Trying to work with the inside of others to replace them with a different competition; Creating cohesion among the members of the educational group, accepting the responsibility of growth and excellence of activities in the group and supporting all of them; Creating a safe and acceptable environment for information with faculty members; Availability for faculty members There are examples of necessary rumors.

This paper tries to answer the question that "what the political threats against the Islamic Republic of Iran are, in the thoughts of the Supreme Leader Imam Khamenei. And tries to touch upon components, indicators and factors of America's political threats against the Islamic Republic of Iran. The research was the descriptive one, and content analysis method was used based on the Supreme Leader's orders, policies and commands. This paper categorizes the orientation, emphasized points, and the analysis of the Supreme Leader Imam Khamenei about America's political threats against the Islamic Republic of Iran and the results of the studies indicate that in his perspective America's Political threat factors are hostile acts, political uncertainty, reducing contributions, weak political and national cohesion, reducing the international impacts and abusive behavior; And the indices of these components, based on software and hardware factors, are; influence, domination, conspiracy, Separatism, interfere in the internal affairs, Changing the fundamental ideals, changing government bodies, reducing participants in the election, announcing or using unconventional measures to reduce the public contribution, creating discrepancy, stimulating differences and conflicts, using political measures to isolate Iran, abusing the international organizations, riots and unrest, coups, subversion and terrorist acts, respectively, based on software and hardware factores.