driver

Books are the largest cultural arena in Iran and an important part of Iran's cultural future is consequence of the future of books. The purpose of this study is to identify the drivers that affect the future of books in Iran. This future study is based on the Structural Analysis model by Micmac method and in four stages: "Identifying environmental variables using the PESTEL model and the layered approach", "Determining key variables by Delphi experts", "Assessing the cross impact of key variables by the Micmac method" and "Analyzing the general environment of the system and determining the drivers” have been done.The findings of this study show “The degree of government intervention in the book section", "Promoting the culture of reading non-textbooks", "Book quality and their adaptation to the needs and tendencies of the audience", "The role of the ministry of Education Culture of reading books and combating illiteracy, "Public library funding" and "Self-sufficiency in the internal chain of paper production" are the most effective future drivers of books in Iran. Among these six drivers, the extent of government intervention in the field of books has the strongest direct and indirect impact on other drivers. As a result, control of these drivers can be the main cause of inertia or the main cause of the movement in the future of books in Iran.

The goal of this research is to recognize the forces affected social networks on mobile devices. The social networks are defined as internet-based services that let individuals create profiles for themselves and set list of audiences with whom connect and share the content. In Mobile Social Networks, social networks are developed on mobile devices. In addition, Users can upload films and photos in their social networks without desktop. In this kind of social networks, individuals can share content and connect to their friends while they are in movement and involved in their daily life. Forces affected on future include trends, uncertainties and stakeholders. To review English literature, research question and protocol was set. By searching and tracking news, 823 qualified articles were obtained. Between obtained articles, 253 of them were selected and translated based on protocol. By analyzing in technological-environmental, demographic-social, legal-political and economic framework 19 uncertainties, 25 trends and 12 stakeholders are extracted. Concluded that future of Facebook company is the future of social networks. The necessity of international treaty, proper regulation and public education are emphasized.

According to forensic medicine statistics from 2011 to2018, The average death from accidents in Iran has been 17500 people a year.Among the factors affecting the occurrence of a accidents, the determinant roleof drivers' attitudes and beliefs is of great importance in the manner and extentof compliance with the driving rules.

This research is applicable in terms of purpose and survey in terms ofdescriptive-analytical data collection method. The statistical population of thisstudy consisted of traffic offenders in Tehran who sample size was considered390 people using Cochran formula and cluster random sampling method. Datacollection tool included 44-item researcher-made questionnaire based oncomponents of the theory of planned behavior and seventeen incidentalviolations checklist. Descriptive statistics such as frequency, mean andstandard deviation as well as inferential statistics methods such as structuralequation method, regression analysis and discriminant coefficient were usedfor data analysis.

The findings indicate the high power of the components of attitude,behavioral intention, normative beliefs and perceived behavioral control inpredicting the behavior of driving offenders with different levels of incident.The difference between the two groups of low-violent and high- violentincident drivers was that the low-violent incident drivers had a strongerperceived control belief than the other group.

Regarding the influential role of attitudes and normative beliefsin determining the behavior of drivers, designing interventional programs isimportant for enhancing positive attitudes towards traffic safety observance.

In the present paper the effects of traffic rules on driver behaviour and on traffic safety are discussed. The discussion is mainly based on research conerning driver's use of safety equip- ment, their speed adjustment and drunken driving with respect to safety potential, effects of the rules, and effects of enforcement on driver behaviour. Factors in¯uencing drivers' decisions to comply with rules are also considered. It is concluded that only rules that are possible to enforce should be implemented and that police surveillance should be visible to the drivers. Also, the traffic system should be seen as a social system where drivers are interacting with other drivers and road users. Rules and regulations are important to help the actors of the system to function in a safe and effective way. 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

One of the most important discussions of responsibility is automobile major role in most people life and increase in driving accidents and following bodily financial loss. So a legislator in different countries approve special laws about making clear the responsibilities caused by driving accidents which aim to protect loss-bear people and facilitate financial loss compensation and victims damages; although approving these laws face to many problems. In our country Iran there are some faults despite of approving new laws accompanying innovations which face slowly to facilitating bodily and financial loss compensation.Ground motor vehicle owners before third party with approval civil responsibility insurance correction which changed in 1387 after 40 years in comparison with last law paced main steps in civil reasonability insurance scope by development driving accidents loss-bear protection. This is caused much evolution with attention to development insurance craft protection, judgment elimination and facilitating process of loss compensation.