objectification

This research aims to examine the socio-political themes presented in the film "The Glass Agency," articulated through narrative elements, character development, conflict, and dialogue, to determine how each of these elements contributes to crafting a successful socio-political screenplay.

This study employs an analytical method with a qualitative approach. It is conducted through an analytical-descriptive examination of the dramatic narrative of the aforementioned work.

The research identified numerous socio-political themes in "The Glass Agency," which Hatamikia has concretized and depicted through its dramatic elements. The objectification of these themes is present in all elements of the drama. Nonetheless, the primary theme within the narrative is the neglect of veterans and martyrs by the government, characterized by a duality in governance, conflicts that undermine revolutionary values due to political disputes, and dialogues that defend the revolution and its ideals.

The findings indicate that the theme of protest is a common thread among all themes presented in "The Glass Agency." Furthermore, Hatamikia transforms this theme and others by converting them into characters, shaping conflicts from these character interactions, and ultimately constructing the narrative and plot around these themes as dramatic elements.

One of the main motivations for women to enter temporary marriage is to satiate their sexual needs, which can have a variety of effects on the physical and mental health of this group of women for a variety of reasons, including low sexual assertiveness, gender stereotypes, and women’s silence about issues arising from temporary marriage. Thus, the purpose of this study is to examine the sexual lives of women in Isfahan city who have experienced temporary marriages.

This research is a qualitative, descriptive phenomenological study. Twelve women who had experienced temporary marriage in Isfahan were chosen for the study using a snowball sampling technique until data saturation was reached. Semi-structured interviews were used for data collection, and the Claysey analysis method was used for data analysis

In the process of analyzing and extracting the concepts from the interviews, a comprehensive list of open codes focused on the research topic was generated. From the resulting open codes, 23 categories and three primary themes emerged, which included: women’s emotional harm with six categories, women’s sexual objectification with eight categories, and women’s psychological sexual satisfaction with nine categories.

The sexual experiences of women in temporary marriages differ in that some are involved in hurt feelings and sexual objectification, in contrast others have experienced psychological sexual satisfaction. These differences can be attributed to women’s sexual assertiveness, mutual sexual responsibility, mutual interest, gender stereotypes, and schemas, skill in managing sexual relations, and ability to have an honest conversation regarding sexual desires. It is vital to consider actions in the context of education and counseling in order to increase women’s abilities in managing sexual relationships, eradicate gender stereotypes from cultural elements of society, and modify gender schemas in both men and women.

Female body shame is a feeling or an emotional state that female subject experiences in social interactions. This feeling is increasingly intensified in the contemporary consumer society. This paper attempts to study phenomenologically women’s experiences of body shame in three collective spaces : weddings, mixed climbing groups, private patrimonies. The findings show that female body shame is formed mostly due to conditions and factors such as media, objectification of the female body, the gaze of the male other, the subordinate position of women, and the specific functions of the female body. Moreover, the formation and intensification of this feeling among women has effects and consequences such as the internalization of the characteristics of second sex, withdrawal from some spaces and activities, using body shame as a tool to protect privacy, lack of self-confidence in accepting responsibilities and self-censorship and masking. In order to manage body shame, women choose strategies such as masking bodily defects, presenting bodily and behavioral attractiveness, sublimation of bodily desires and rejecting masculine rules. Generally, it is concluded that body shame in contemporary era is created in the context of inevitable encounter of women with a consumer culture which is still patriarchal.

Decoupage, apart from its known principles, can be considered as the exclusive way that, beyond the technique, creates a situation before the rules and contractual frameworks between the director and the text narration. This research has been carried out to objectify the imagination and imagery based on the narrative in the mind of the creator of the work focusing on a fundamental purpose and the main issue which is the functional study that the decoupage process uses. The research method is qualitative with an approach of cognitive sciences and based on the theory of material attraction using library resources and audio-visual archives. To make the discussion feasible and revealing, the researcher has carefully studied and analyzed the works of three different directors made in various countries and different years of Kafka’s ‘The Metamorphosis ‘ story in a case study. The research findings indicate that the scene is formed in the executive state which is completely Influenced by the momentary mental conditions, it depends on the lived experiences, the material ahead, and the director’s abilities. The result of the research shows that the director, by choosing the style of the desired cinema, uses the available capabilities and facilities, and in the executive situation creates scenes that, while being taken from the cinematic style, belongs to him. Therefore, his work makes him different from others.

The main implications of the Islamic hijab are strengthening the foundation of family, preventing sexual immorality, and preventing female objectification. In this study, we studied women and men’s perception of veil and sexuality using an inductive approach. For this purpose, we used grounded theory as our research method. The data were collected through deep interviews and direct observation. The population of the study consisted of men and women aged 25-40 years old and the sample included 16 women and 8 men that were selected using theoretical sampling. According to the results, the main theme that explains the relationship between sexuality and the hijab is “facing sexuality types”. These types include experiencing sexuality, attitudes towards sexuality, and sexual attractions that shape the individuals’ interpretation of hijab and sexuality. In addition to this, the causal factors such as social change, Islamic hijab characteristics, and following peer group and demographic factors like religious affiliation, family upbringing, geographic location, semantic anomy and patriarchal society influence “facing sexuality types”. The outcomes of the main theme are: having different standards in choosing the dress, classifying hijab types based on the perception of sexuality, using various strategies to manage their clothing, conformity with the existing definition of hijab, and thinking about the hijab concept.

Cyberspace is a platform for interactions and interactions to express feelings among users, including girls, which provides different capabilities for their roles and social relationships. Accordingly, it is important to know how to form these interactions and express virtual feelings. This study, by adopting a qualitative approach and methodology of phenomenology, describes what is the nature of the virtual experience of girl's virtual emotions and the process of developing and expressing it in cyberspace. The studied population includes girls in Qom who spend at least four hours a day with virtual space and are considered to be high-income users. The data were collected through purposeful sampling and in-depth interview with 15 people and analyzed by using Van Manen's six-stage phenomenological analysis method. Data analysis shows that the virtual experience of girl's virtual emotions is formed on two levels of mental and objective thinking: girls, with the arrival of girls to the cyberspace, are somehow separated from the real space and are secretly and reluctant to use Non-visual concepts and templates release their feelings in cyberspace. The results showed that they are sympathetic to the images and content exchanged, and they are so drowned in the network of space that they feel empathy with other actors and reveal their indissoluble internalities to others. This situation for them is such that even after they enter the real space, they have the feeling of being in cyberspace.

Today, self-objectification is define by evaluating the others based on physical appearance, beauty and sexual attractiveness, It’s a major source of women suffering especially female students and reduce resilience and self-compassion and mental health of them is endangered. The aim of this study is investigating the relationship between self-objectification with resilience and self-compassion of female students of Islamic Azad university of Sabzevar. The present research was descriptive and correlative. The population of this study included all female students of Islamic Azad University of Sabzevar incoming in 2014 that were totally 647 individuals. Using accessible sampling method and with help of Cochran’s formula for sample size, 242 of persons were selected through Stratified random sampling method. The data was collected using McKinley& Hyde self-objectification scale, Conner-Davidson Resilience Scale, and Neff self -compassion Scale. Pearson correlation and stepwise regression were used for analyzing data with SPSS18. The results showed that there were significant and negative correlation between self-objectification with resilience and self-compassion. In addition, it was found that component of self-objectification (body shame, body surveillance, appearance control) could respectively explain 31 Percent of variance of resilience and 18 Percent of self-compassion among students. Therefore, decreasing self-objectification can increase resilience and self-compassion among female students.

A recent White House Council Report on Women and Girls called attention to sexual assault on college campuses and encouraged continued research on this important public health problem. Media that sexually objectify women have been identified by feminist scholars as encouraging of sexual assault, but some researchers question why portrayals that do not feature sexual assault should affect men’s attitudes supportive of violence against women. Guided by the concepts of specific and abstract sexual scripting in Wright’s (Communication Yearbook 35:343 – 386 , 2011) sexual script acquisition, activation, application model of sexual media socialization, this study proposed that the more men are exposed to objectifying depictions, the more they will think of women as entities that exist for men’s sexual gratification (specific sexual scripting), and that this dehumanized perspective on women may then be used to inform attitudes regarding sexual violence against women (abstract sexual scripting).Data were gathered from collegiate men sexually attracted to women (N=187). Consistent with expectations, associations between men’s exposure to objectifying media and attitudes supportive of violence against women were mediated by their notions of women as sex objects. Specifically, frequency of exposure to men’s lifestyle magazines that objectify women, reality TV programs that objectify women, and pornography predicted more objectified cognitions about women, which, in turn, predicted stronger attitudes supportive of violence against women.

Internalizing other's views of body and perceiving self as sexual object can have negative consequences on women's mental health. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between self-objectivity with self-esteem and depression. A group of female students (N = 202) from University of Shiraz participated in this research and completed the research scales including Objectified Body Consciousness Scale, Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. The results showed that two dimensions of objectified body scale including body shame and body surveillance significantly predicted self-esteem. However, appearance control did not have any significant role in predicting self-esteem. The present study also indicated that body shame and appearance control predicted depression significantly. But, body surveillance did not have any significant contribution in predicting depression. The results of this study support self-objectification theory proposed by Fredrickson and Roberts.

Cultural impairments arising out of the malfunction of mass media and other information conveying tools are highly destructive due to the dominance, variety, and multiplicity of the cultural tools. The impairment is not restricted to women, but the negative consequences of these cultural products effects upon men and women at any age, specifically the youth. In this final part of the paper some of the consequences and impairments of the consumption of cultural products are briefly elaborated at the micro, middle, and macro levels.