آموزش عالی

Today, ethical value is very important in human resource management. The basic principles of organizational ethics are trustworthiness, respect, responsibility, fairness and justice and meritocracy. The aim of the current research is to analyze the model of evaluation of human resources performance with an ethics-oriented approach in the higher education system in the Azad University of Gilan province.

Based on this, this research was carried out in terms of purpose, applied and descriptive-survey. The statistical population of the research included all faculty members of Islamic Azad University units in Gilan province in the academic year 1401-1402. The statistical sample was 395 people and random cluster sampling method was used to select the samples. The research tool was a questionnaire made by the researcher, and the value of the alpha coefficient of the variables of the questionnaire was higher than 0.7, which shows that it has acceptable reliability. Data analysis was done by structural equation method under AMOS software and TOPSIS model.

The results of the t-test showed that all 24 main identified components and 79 indicators have an effect on evaluating the performance of human resources with an ethics-oriented approach in the higher education system. The results obtained from the structural equations also showed that the research model is a good model in terms of fit with the data. In this model, all the components and sub-components were measured and the path coefficient of each was determined and the results showed that the model has an acceptable fit.

The results showed that in order to increase the performance of ethical human resources and meritocracy in the organization, it is of great importance.

the current research was conducted with the aim of investigating the applications and challenges of metaverse in education. This research was qualitative and its method was a systematic review based on the Prisma protocol. The scope of the current research was scientific and research articles published in domestic and foreign valid journals in Persian from 1398 to 1402 and English from 2020 to 2024 in the field of metaverse and education. The statistical sample was selected using a targeted method and 38 items were selected from among 900 articles and included in the study. The research findings indicate that remote learning, immersion learning, collaborative learning, personalized learning, flipped learning, student-centered learning, experiential learning, hybrid learning, mobile learning, simulated learning, skill-based learning and Borderless and question-based learning are the most common uses of metaverse in education. However, the metaverse is associated with technical, ethical and social challenges such as the nascent nature of the technology, high cost of equipment, weak support infrastructure, inaccessibility to everyone, violation of privacy, data and network security, lack of legal guidelines and regulations. By using the results of this research, education policymakers can recreate the curriculum and educational plans in accordance with the characteristics of the Z and Alpha generation learners and in line with the development of technology, and the advancements of metaverse technology, and by formulating the strategic plan of the educational system, they can face the created environment and the necessary platforms in the creation and development of technological infrastructures. provide and manage it in a responsible manner.

Identifying the moral competencies of managers can play an effective role in the excellence of the higher education system. Understanding this is important current study in order to identify the moral competencies of managers were assessed in order to be used in the management structure of universities.                 

The research method was mixed (qualitative-quantitative), in the qualitative part the qualitative content analysis method was used with inductive approach and in the quantitative part the descriptive-survey method was used. Participants in the qualitative section were experts, faculty members and university administrators, and the statistical population in the quantitative section included the staff of Mazandaran universities sampling method. Targeted quality was used theoretically with 21 people and in the quantitative random section, 289 people according to Morgan table were selected as a statistical sample for the study. The data collection tool was semi-structured in the qualitative part of the interview and a researcher-made questionnaire in the quantitative part. The validity and reliability of research data collection tools were confirmed, data analysis was performed through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis in SPSS22 and Lisrel software.

According to the research results, the competency model of managers includes eight dimensions of professional knowledge and information, personality traits, behavioral and intellectual skills, credibility, attitude and insight, service, responsibility, attention to belief and moral values.

Based on the identified competencies, can expect the employment and growth of managers in the management structure of the university, which will ultimately lead to the excellence of the higher education system.

One of the important stages of the educational system of any country is the higher education level, whose task is to train specialized personnel in various fields such as economic, managerial, etc. Evaluation method plays a key role in achieving its goals.

In this research, the evaluation of higher education from the perspective of Islamic teachings is examined by ijtihad method. The main question is what are the characteristics of the evaluation method in terms of jurisprudence.

The results indicate that one of the most important instructions of jurisprudence in the field of evaluation of the rule of justice, which emphasizes the need to grant the rights of individuals and in accordance with the goals of higher education and the objectives of each type of evaluation, requirements for how to evaluate higher education.

The correct educational evaluation is determined according to the goals of an educational activity and then the evaluation is done to show to what extent those goals have been achieved. Also, the criterion of equality of opportunities to achieve the evaluated criteria is effective in achieving justice.

The present study is conducted to understand the importance of curricula as one of the main elements or subsystems of higher education that can play an undeniable role in achieving the goals and missions of universities. All students of the Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences of the University of Tehran have been introduced. This research is based on the current conditions of the educational system.

Due to the tremendous capacity of qualitative approaches and especially the phenomenological method, semi-structured interviews have been used. Data collection in interviews with seventy-five people has been saturated and has been done by purposive sampling method. The data were interpreted and described using a seven-step strategy.

The findings indicate that the participants in this study had an in-depth look at the subject under study.

The results of the research, while representing such analyzes, showed that in order to follow this ups and downs, all approaches and various scientific, political and cultural factors must be considered.

The purpose of this study was to present a paradigm model of institutionalization of professional ethics in faculty members of physical education and sports sciences.

The present study was conducted by a qualitative method using a systematic approach of grounded theory (GT). The statistical population consisted of academic professors and experts in professional ethics; and sampling was performed by convenience and Snowball method. The validity of interviews was determined by a method by Lincoln & Guba as well as using the reliability of test-retest between codes at two time intervals.

The identified concepts were classified into the following six main categories and a paradigm model of research was created according to their association: 1) Causal conditions (personality, personal, scientific (knowledge) and ethical factors), 2) Central category (institutionalization of professional ethics), 3) Strategies (qualification of promotion, monitoring and evaluation, and attraction process), 4) Contextual factors (effective communication; motivational features; specialization; and fair evaluation), 5) Intervening factors (political, cultural and economic factors), 6) Consequences (building trust and gaining the respect; extension of ethics; optimal performance; and creation of a positive competition culture).

The attention to the above subjects and their implementation can lead to positive consequences, including the faculty members' optimal performance, extension of ethics at sports science universities, building mutual trust between students and professors, and finally creation of a competition culture in a positive, ethical atmosphere.

Identifying students’ ethical expectations of higher education will help higher education administrators to meet students’ expectations and nurture their interest and academic motivation, which helps them to advance their academic and scientific career and ultimately leads to community development. The goal of the present research is to identify the ethical expectations of Iranian students of higher education.

This study is a qualitative research that was conducted using grounded theory approach. The population under study included postgraduate students, and sample was saturated after 20 interviews. For sample selection, non-randomized purposive sampling method was used. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. Data analysis has been done through open coding, axial coding and selective coding.

After collecting and analyzing the data, key phrases of interviews were extracted and by open coding 128 primary components were identified and categorized in 11 dimensions including: quality of life improvement, observance of studentschr('39') dignity, special place students, attention to the differences in academic level of students, scientific support of students, preference of elite students for receiving services, respecting students, desirable character and appropriate function of professors, empathy and collaboration between students and university, organizational commitment, effective management, and three themes of focus on growth and self-efficacy, emphasis on the importance of the studentchr('39')s place and role, and focusing on scientific and educational services.

The results of the research show that students have diverse ethical expectations of higher education, which requires planning and accurate targeting.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the why and why of the cultural foundations of higher education from both general and specialized perspectives with emphasis on the Islamic approach.

The present study is an analytical-explanatory method based on Shine Iceberg theory based on verses and narratives.

In analyzing the cultural foundations of higher education, first the general principles of higher education, including science production, its transfer and application of knowledge, about the four factors of faculty members, students, curriculum and environment, were investigated based on Shine's theory in the artifact layer. In the next step, in accordance with the values ​​and behavioral norms, the cultural foundations of higher education were specifically outlined in six dimensions, each of which has a competency-based approach to the nature of its higher education. Then the method of monotheistic rationalism was recognized in the deepest layer of the Shine, ie beliefs and assumptions.

The correct university culture based on monotheism is based on the continuous ijtihad of the scholars and scholars of the Islamic religion according to the requirements of the time, in order to bring the academic sciences into conformity with the teachings of Islam. Thus, the mixing of elements of culture and its instances with the Islamic approach to meritocracy can be explained.

Ethics in the higher education highlights the extent to which faculty behaves and ensures the health of higher education. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the observance of the vocational ethics components of faculty members at Farhangian University.

The research method is descriptive-post hoc survey. The statistical population consisted of all students of the University of farhangian in Sanandaj (1452), 264 were selected according to statistic. Using the Cochran formula and stratified random sampling, 264 were selected as samples. The data gathering tool was a researcher-made questionnaire that its validity was confirmed by the professors and its reliability was determined using the Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.80. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (one-sample t-test, Manu's test and one-way analysis of variance) were used to analyze the data.

The findings of this study indicate that: 1) the average of the components of ethics of faculty members' training was higher than the criterion of the research. Among the components of professional ethics, the component of student secrecy by faculty members is the highest coefficient of change (4.87) and the component of accountability for the correct education with the lowest coefficient of change (2.37). 2) There is a significant difference between students' viewpoints on gender, term, and discipline regarding some of the components of professional ethics education.

Therefore, by institutionalizing the professional ethics of education at Farhangian University, in addition to improving students' ethical beliefs and behaviors, they will learn that they will adhere to professional ethics when teaching in schools.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the observance of resistive economy policies in higher education. 

Descriptive-correlational method is used in this applied research. The main tool of data collection is a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity was confirmed by using the opinions of faculty members and its reliability was confirmed by pre-test and Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0.78-0.99 = α). The faculty members of Zanjan University formed the statistical community (N = 306). The sample size was determined using Cochran's relationship (n = 120) and the samples were selected randomly. 

The results showed that the average of all studied components of Resistive economy in the current state of educational, research, student and cultural fields of university was less than 4 and the ability to implement them in a desirable situation was higher than 7 in the 10-level scale.

The results of comparing the existing and desired situation of observance of Resistive economy policies in educational, research, student and cultural areas by using t-test showed that the existing status of applying Resistive economy policies is significantly lower than the optimal situation, which indicates non-use Of the existing capacities, the Resistive economy is in the status of existing universities in the country.

Ethics is one of the most important principles in knowledge commercialization, thus considering this factor is necessary for the higher education system. Accordingly, this study aims at analyzing ethical factors in knowledge commercialization.
The research was conducted based on content analysis and inductive approach. Based on knowledge commercialization the number of 60 English and Persian articles with the same subject were selected from 2006 up to now published in research and science standard journals. In order to identify the factors, Nvivo software was used. In face validity and reliability parts, the Holesti method was used for the reliability of extracted theme and the descriptive and interpretive face validity was used for the validity part.
Researcher identified 54 effective factors by revising the literature review and asking authorities` idea. These factors categorized into 3 main dimensions. Then, in the next step the relationship between dimensions and ethical indices of knowledge commercialization was determined and analyzed consistently. Ethical factors of knowledge commercialization are 3 widespread themes in higher education include substructures with 2 organizer theme of justice and responsibility and the education widespread theme, with 2 organizer themes of learning-teaching process, and culturalizing and the support widespread theme include 2 organizer themes of commercial and social support.
The widespread and organizer themes of ethical factors of knowledge commercialization in higher education can be an appropriate model for policymaking, recording a plan of changing the knowledge to the wealth and using its application in research centers and universities.

Ethics is an essential component durability and consistency of human societies and moral strength of any society depends on its. The aim of the study was to investigate approaches to moral education in three countries Iran, America and China in general and higher. The research method is comparative qualitative survey And required data through library documents, investigative reports and search the World Wide Web is obtained And using a range pattern that describes four steps, interpretation, and compared to the comparative studies indicate proximity; After presenting the facts pertaining to moral criticism similarities and differences and the strengths and weaknesses of each country in this field deals. The results shows that all approach get in religion in any country And stages of moral development in non-Islamic approaches, especially cognitive approach are fixed and unchangeable. While the Islam moral laws and ordinances knows absolute and actual. And except Islam Other approaches emphasize only one aspect of moral education.

Professional ethics is a kind of moral obligation toward every duty and responsibility. The emphasis on the contents of professional ethic is a necessity in higher education system both on educational aspect and on theoretical, practical and applied researches. Attention to the professional ethics strategies is essential for higher education systems.
The present article aims to study some major educational principles and to introduce some of them as obligatory strategies in higher education system. Some educational principles in universities are as follows: respect for the students as human, students equating in consulting, education and grading. Research ethics concludes two categories: ethical issues of participating human being in research, ethic in relation to carrying out researches. Attention to the professional ethics codes by teachers has an essential role.
Professional ethics obligations will be considered in training and research. According to the importance of ethics in mentioned domains, it can be concluded that the procedures of education and research have ethical concept, therefore ethics codes are mandatory.

The present article aims at identifying the components of scientific reference frame in the higher education system of Iran.
Research method implemented in this study was qualitative by using grounded theory strategy. Also the research orientation was fundamental-applied and research approach was inductive. The research population were fifteen experts and professionals that participated in this study. Sampling method used in this study was snowball that all of the interviewees have been participated to achieve the main components and elements of the research model. In the current research paper interviews and documentary research tools have been studied. In this paper validity and reliability as two basic parameters of any logic research has been investigated.
The results of the research indicate the appropriateness of the qualitative methods used in his study. Research findings accordance to Straus and Corbin’s systematic approach and after three basic stages encompasses open coding, axial coding and selective coding, six main components including: motivational factors, contingency factors, strategic factors, structural factors, consequences and core phenomena have been identified. At the final section of this research, identified components with their elements have been presented in a systematic conceptual model.
As a result, it is suggested that scientific authority as the central phenomenon have main factors including moralism, mental health, skills, attitudes, intrinsic motivation, individual creativity and for it to be effective causal factors (motivators) includes motivation and reward system, and open-minded to be considered as causal conditions affecting scientific authority.

In iranian higher education status; technological and engineering Sciences are in the top priority as various respects. Yet there arent enough studies to evaluate and examine suchone-dimensional structure which conduct young elites exclusively to engineering fields.
An Important signal to understand and study this unbalanced situation, is the very important expanding trend of elite emigration from engineering fields of study to Humanities and social sciences at graduation, who we have studied theirincentives, tendencies and implications in this research.
By qualitative method, 40 graduates have been interviewed, who were all graduated from Iran’s most prestigious Universities: Sharif, Tehran, AmirKabir and Elm-o-san’at graduations, attending Humanities or Social Sciences in M.A or Ph.Dbetween 2003-2013.
The results of the present research indicate that the trend consists of six types of immigrants which have their own different characteristics and implications: refugees, utilitarian, macro-activists, Self-Seekers, Revolutionary reformists, and modern reformists.
Survey shows resentment of studying engineering held as a common. unfulfilledtalents and humanistic premier needs, unfulfilled public and socialacting demand in higher levels of administration, being far from islamic revolution’s cultural- political tenet as well as modernism ideology, were the most important reasons to dissuasion from technological sciences, shifting into humanities and social sciences. In Reason, each one indicates one deep disease of today’s Iranian higher education.

The present article intends to provide a comprehensive record of the quantity and quality of the letters in the Sacred Defense Theatre and compliance with the criteria of Sacred Defense Theatre theses by the arbitration in scientific journals. This paper is placed in the area of library studies، Plans to use form of judgment Journal of Fine Arts for the pathology of activities and research works in higher education institutions in their artistic research. Data collection is through referring to libraries and dramatic arts colleges in the country including government، nonprofit and Azad. As a spontaneous movement of the theater universities in the country after the end of the war، students who were concerned about the Revolution and Holy Defense decided to choice their college thesis in the field of theater in the area of related topics (Holy Defense). A total of just less than one third of the total theses، evaluation report is acceptable. Due to recurring themes، obviously، predictable and non-specific problem; is the discontinuity between the host system (policy)، and research (academic class). In other words، cultural policy makers adopted as theses، not involved and the Group approving the theses، the academics، do not know the policy system problems. Obviously، only the host system (policy) could be responsible for monitoring and its relationship with academic class.