مقاصد الشریعه

The field of religion is divided into dogmatic and moral theology in Catholic encyclopedia. Dogmatic theology refers to theoretical issues and moral theology refers to practical issues. The duty of this theology is to design moral and religious problems for practical field of human. Today, moral theology is subcategory of practical theology. Practical theology framed as a whole and mixed with human life. Although this theology is related to historical experience of Christianity, the central core, in one hand, activates the capacities of practical theology in contemporary human life and in another hand, challenges secularism in management of life which is common in all Abrahamic religions. If moral theology has ideas about human relations and human free acts against God and talks about instruments which we are bestowed to reach to goals, in field of Islam we have ethics and jurisprudence as moral theology in Islam if they are logically reviewed and considered according to life’s need. The benefit of this theology is to rectify the judgments, to strengthen the power of analysis and specification of decree, and the ways to materialize religions goals.

According to authentic religious texts and right reason, sending prophets and descending celestial books and legislation of law by God should have a purpose. The motivation and result of these three matters is nothing other than providing the felicity and expediency of the addressees and the obliged people. The fact that God's action has a purpose is not in contradiction with the rule of "superordinate does nothing for the sake of subordinate". This article will discuss the relation between expediency and sending the prophets, descending books and legislating laws and will more elaborately discuss the relation between expediency and the Divine law (and consequently the relation between expediency and jurisprudence).