جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « کارکرد گرایی » در نشریات گروه « فلسفه و کلام »

We may say that the discussion of religious language is something has been discussed in all celestial religions. The related discussions include the nature of religious language, the meaningfulness and effectiveness of various types of religious propositions. The most important discussion is pertaining to theological propositions, which have been for long the focus of attention on the part of religious philosophers and theologians. The related question is whether we may attribute limited human and material conceptions to the unlimited non-physical God.The present article deals with an investigation and comparison of the views of Allama Tabatabaie and the contemporary American philosopher of religion, William Alston, on the language of theology. Alston presents the theory of "Functionalism" to resolve the problem of attribution of theological proposition to God. To resolve this problem, Allama Tabatabaie presents the theories of "Semantic Commonality and Gradation of Existence", "Theological Hermeneutics", and "Finality", each of which is applicable somewhere. The theory of "Semantic Commonality" is applicable for attributes such as knowledge, power, life and existence, justifying their application; the second theory is applicable to attributes such as All-Hearing (samī)', All-Seeing (basīr), having hands, and occupying space; i.e. those attributes belonging to possibilities, being far away from Divine Presence. These attributes are interpreted based on the attributes of the first group, and the theory of Finality is applicable in conventional and religious language, justifying their application and veracity.

There are at least four main theories about the relation of belief to knowledge:First is the idea of inconsistency of belief and knowledge, which was first proposed by Plato. Second is the idea of their correspondence which was suggested by such philosophers as Ayer, with which some Muslim logicians and philosophers have sympathized. Third is the separability of belief and knowledge and their different spheres, put forward by Colin Radford. And finally, is the theory supported by behaviorism, and called “eliminativism”. One of the consequences of these viewpoints is their different interpretations of the most important facet of belief, namely, “intentional aspect”, the history of which goes back to Ibn-Sīnā. This article is an attempt to explore these points of view. In the first part, the metaphysical issues about belief are discussed, and in the second part, epistemological aspect is studied. The author favors the idea that “understanding” is what can constitute knowledge.