science

Over the past decade, the dialogue between science and religion has evolved significantly, particularly with the emergence of new technologies that complicate their interactions. Traditional discussions on science and religion have often centered on human biological and cognitive limitations, such as perception and memory. However, the transhumanist movement seeks to overcome these limitations, aspiring to elevate humans beyond their current state into a post-human stage. Transhumanism is a multidisciplinary movement that integrates scientific, technological, philosophical, and cultural efforts to surpass biological constraints, such as disease, aging, and mortality, while enhancing physical, emotional, and intellectual capacities. Recent advancements in bioengineering, biotechnology, nanotechnology, and biomedicine have improved the lives of individuals with debilitating conditions, but they also serve as the foundation for technologies that could fundamentally alter human nature. This raises profound ethical questions regarding the potential misuse of such technologies. This research explores how Islamic doctrines address three key issues in the context of transhumanism: the nature of creation, the existential dimensions of humanity, and the quality of divine creation. While the Islamic concept of continuous creation and corrective interventions aimed at improving human conditions align with some aspects of transhumanism, fundamental differences emerge regarding these three core issues.

Miracles are one of the important issues in the relationship between science and religion. The question is whether miracles can be scientifically explained or not. In this article, based on the principles of transcendental theosophy, the possibility of a scientific explanation of miracles is investigated. Supernatural events, both good and evil, like all natural phenomena, need both real and preparatory causes. Nevertheless, supernatural events have two ontological characteristics that set them apart from normal ones; one is the agency of the souls and the other is the non-conventional role of preparatory causes. Due to the agency of the souls, as supernatural beings, offering a scientific explanation that is bound to methodological naturalism is not possible. Moreover, in the miracles and good supernatural events, because of their invincibility, the non-conventional role of preparatory causes cannot be recognized and scientifically explained. In other words, Divine wisdom requires that miracles cannot be known even if the agency of the souls, preparatory causes, and natural factors are ignored. As a result, miracles should be considered outside the scope of science.

The issue of religious science is one of the most challenging issues in the field of philosophy of science and philosophy of religion. In this field, different views have been formed. Some views are immature and primitive, while others are in the structure and format of a scientific theory. Among the viewpoints that have a theory structure is "Theory of Religious Science" by Professor Ali Akbar Rashad. This theory has been formed with regard to the injuries of common sciences and their criticism, as well as the capacities of the Islamic religion , the mission and the goal of the religion.

The present article, with analytical and philosophical method, intends to criticize and Review Professor Rashad's theory in terms of principles, criteria and pillars of religious science.

In this article, In addition to explaining the theory, pointed out its strengths and weaknesses and reached the following results A) Some strengths of the theory are: relative comprehensiveness, having a theoretical framework, based on reliable and religious foundations and the like. b) Some of the ambiguities and gaps are: the difficulty of writing, ambiguities in the application of some concepts and terms, ambiguities in the definition of religious science, ambiguities in the criteria of religious science and the like.

Yuval Noah Harari, a professor of history at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, emphasizes the significant impact of imagination on man’s social life and describes religion as a constructed reality that has played an important role in human life. According to him, with the advent of the scientific revolution and the focus on scientific discoveries, there was no longer a place for religion. As a result, religion, due to its mythological and justification-based nature, faced a kind of decline. This paper, using a descriptive-analytical method, presents a coherent explanation of Harari's scattered theories and evaluates his statements. It is shown that by examining the intrinsic content of true religion (such as Islam) and the practical conduct of believers, it becomes clear that such a religion has never been opposed to science. Therefore, what has stood in the way of human progress is a deviation in religion, not the essence of religion. Moreover, considering the role of religion in fulfilling many psychological and spiritual needs and even in properly guiding scientific achievements, one cannot deny the active role and functions of religion. Negligence towards these aspects of religion and the consequent negative outcomes in human life have led to new tendencies toward religion among many intellectuals.

The design argument is one of the simplest and most common arguments that connects humans to the material world. Since a long time ago, humans have acknowledged the existence of wise and intelligent moderators through thinking about the structure of creatures and their purposiveness. Various expressions of this argument with different degrees of strength and accuracy are seen in the talk of Islamic and Western thinkers who through argument, analogy, or induction and with dependence on partial or general instances of design in nature are trying to prove an intelligent moderator. Correct perception of this argument and a correct analysis of its preliminaries based on intellect can increase its validity and reliability in proving divine moderator and help us to answer the main part of doubts attributed to it. This descriptive-analytical study considers doubts attributed to this argument from an epistemology viewpoint and tries to eliminate and answer them by explaining the position and role of intellect in this argument relying on conditions of various logical reasons, and defending its validity and reliability in proving meta-matter moderator and abrogating materialists’ opinion.

Today, in order to achieve greater efficiency and effectiveness and reach the set goals, organizations must pay enough attention to ethical and justice-oriented indicators and talent management in the use of human resources. The purpose of this research is succession and talent management with an emphasis on ethical and justice-oriented approach in science and technology park centers of Gilan province.

The present study is among mixed studies. In the qualitative part, which was conducted by theme analysis, the statistical community of experts and senior managers of the knowledge-based company was involved in the implementation of the succession process and talent management. Among them, 28 people were selected and interviewed by a targeted method until theoretical saturation was reached. The coding method was used to analyze the data. In the quantitative part of the statistical community of the research, all managers and heads of knowledge-based companies (Gilan Science and Technology Park) were selected as a sample by simple random method. The questionnaire tool was made by the researcher and the data were analyzed through exploratory factor analysis and structural equation model with SPSS and Lisrel software.

The results of the qualitative part indicated 23 primary codes and 7 themes that formed the network of themes and the final model. The results of the quantitative part also indicated that the model has a good fit.

The results of the research showed that seven policy factors, organizational structure, support and participation of senior management, systematic approach, mediating role of justice, organizational culture and fairness can be introduced as success factors in succession planning and talent management and the success rate Succession program and talent management can be measured by ethics and justice.

The essential movement of the soul is considered as one of the important and key foundations of transcendental wisdom, which brings many effects and results. One of the most important issues in this regard is to examine the relationship between the essential movement of the soul and the truth of perception. That is, what role does the essential movement of the soul play in human perceptions? And what effect does it have on the topics of science in Sadra's wisdom? The purpose of this research is to explain the impact of the essential movement of the soul on the truth of perception, which was done with a descriptive and analytical method and based on a library study. can be followed. The acceptance of the essential movement of the soul, in the dimension of the cognitive existence of perception, causes Mulla Sadra to put forward the rise of sensory and imaginary forms to the soul and to leave the rise of the solutions of the sages of Masha. He knows the acceptance of the essential movement of the soul and explains it based on the essential movement of the soul. It also considers the burden of intellectual abstraction and the perception of intellectual universals to be conditional on the essence. In the epistemological dimension, the soul, due to its existential elevation, becomes capable of the perfections of the truths beyond itself, and it brings a bearing other than the first bearing and the common bearing called the bearing of truth

The issue of this article is to introduce the general field of science and religion and explain its importance. For this purpose, after defining the desired meanings for "science", "religion" and "theology", we address the question "Why does theology relate to science?". After that, we will describe the various stages that non-sensory knowledge will enter into the process of scientific theorizing, and in this section, we will refer to some of the accepted theses of the philosophy of science of the second half of the 20th century. Then, we will define naturalism and show its place as one of the irreplaceable foundations of the modern experimental science, and we will depict the theological consequences of its acceptance. Finally, looking at the contrast of naturalism with theism on the one hand and the falseness of naturalism on the other hand, we will establish the necessity of a monotheistic worldview in the process of understanding nature.