الگو

The rule is that humans prefer certainty to uncertainty, that is, when we know that there is a future, but we do not know what will happen in the future, people choose to be shocked in the present rather than wait for an unpredictable situation. This creates the conditions for anxiety in everyone, and it depends on how much one can tolerate uncertainty. The present research was conducted with the aim of identifying and presenting the uncertainty tolerance model to reduce anxiety based on Islamic sources. This research is a basic research in terms of its purpose and qualitative in terms of its approach. In order to analyze the components, the descriptive-explanatory sentences found in Islamic texts and the "content analysis" method were used in the framework of the "method of modeling psychological concepts and structures from Islamic texts (Verses and Hadiths)" method, and documentary method techniques were used to collect information. By seven expert experts, three concepts were obtained: self-assurance, confidence, and peace of mind, based on which, the dimensions and components of uncertainty tolerance were explained, and finally, the considered model was presented.Tolerance of uncertainty in the Islamic approach has two fundamental components, one is "God-awareness" and the other is "perception and harmony with monotheistic realities", which forms the basis of this personality trait by creating a "positive belief in uncertainty", and the person does not feel defeated in ambiguous and uncertain situations with "satisfaction/acceptance", "benevolence", "trust", and "delegation", and his anxiety is reduced.

The purpose of this research was to present the model of experience management in educational organizations.

The present research method is mixed or combined. The statistical population of the research in the qualitative part includes all the documentation experts based in the education departments and educational management specialists in the number of 24 people and in the quantitative part includes all the educational directors of the secondary schools of Ardabil province in the number of 265 people working in the academic year of  2019-2020. The sampling method in the qualitative part was theoretical and purposive sampling, and in the quantitative part, they were selected by cluster and random sampling. The number of samples in the qualitative section was 19 and in the quantitative section was 129. The data collection tool was used in the qualitative part through semi-structured interviews and in the quantitative part through researcher-made questionnaires. Qualitative data analysis was done using qualitative content analysis using a systematic research plan, and in its quantitative part, descriptive statistics analyzers were used in SPSS software.

The results showed that the influencing factors on experience management in the educational organization, including the challenges of strategies and consequences, are in the first place, followed by causal and contextual factors, cultural, social and managerial indicators, and finally, central phenomena.

On the one hand, experience management is effective from contextual causal factors, central, cultural and social, managerial phenomena, strategies and consequences, and on the other hand, it has an impact on documenting experiences.

Students can better understand what they have learned and prepare to build a better future. The present research was conducted to provide a model of educational policy for skill learning of first-year high school students.

In terms of the applied goal, this research was exploratory mixed (qualitative-quantitative) in terms of data, and in terms of nature, in the qualitative dimension, it was a systemic (paradigm) foundation data, and in the quantitative dimension, it was a cross-sectional survey. The statistical population of the qualitative part included university professors and experts who had papers in the field of skill training, and in the quantitative part, it included all the teachers of the first year of secondary education in the central province who had a master's degree and above in the field of educational sciences, numbering 500 people. The sampling method in the qualitative part is purposeful and theoretical, and with the number of 15 experts, the theoretical saturation was reached. In the quantitative part of the sample size, 217 people were selected based on Morgan's volume determination formula. In the current research, after the open and axial coding of the measurement tool, it was sent in the form of a set form and sent to experts for selective coding and validation. Based on this, a researcher-made questionnaire was designed and distributed among the randomly selected statistical sample. Then the collected data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.

As a result, 5 dimensions, 20 components and 118 indicators were finalized for the educational policy model of students' skill learning.

After the final approval and prioritization of the experts, the dimensions, components and indicators of the model were drawn, and the experts again validated the said model.

The present study was conducted with the aim of design the post-traumatic growth pattern in burn patients. The qualitative research method was based on grounded theory, and the statistical population of the research was burn patients who were identified and introduced to the researchers through the support Association for Support of Burned Patients (Phoenix), Shahid Motahari Clinic and Hospital in 2019. The sampling method was initially purposeful and gradually continued as theoretical sampling. Based on the theoretical data saturation method, the sample size was 15 people who were interviewed. The post-traumatic growth questionnaire was used for screening, and those who scored higher than the average in this scale and met other entry criteria were selected. All the interviews were analyzed with Granheim and Landmann content analysis approach and with open, central and selective coding. The findings related to the concepts of post-traumatic growth included the main concepts of positive religious beliefs and a new outlook on life, The second finding in relation to the influencing factors (barriers and facilitators) of post-traumatic growth showed that the barriers include the main concepts of society's reactions, individual limitations, lifestyle disorders and individual mental states, and the facilitators include multifocal support, altruism. , motivation, modeling, mental and social security, dynamic interaction with others. The last finding of the research regarding the process of post-traumatic growth in burn patients showed that this process includes the main concepts of positive developments, spiritual changes and personal strength (resilience). The results of this research can be used as a model for formulating therapeutic and rehabilitation interventions in accordance with the existing cultural context for burn patients.

This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the educational functions of love and authority in couples’ relationships. The method used in this research was descriptive-analytical. The materials and topics related to love and authority were collected by referring to religious sources such as the Holy Qur’an, narrative and commentary books, as well as psychological sources and then were analyzed considering the research questions and the axes considered for this research. The results of the research showed that if the spouses play their roles correctly and appropriately based on the interactive model of love and authority, the educational function of the family will be healthy and normal. These functions include: satisfaction with married life, growth and excellence of couples, enrichment of couples’ relationships, strengthening of the positive self-concept of couples, fulfillment of the emotional needs of couples and stabilization of roles in the interaction of couples.

The purpose of the research was to provide a model of an effective education system for the principals of primary education in Tehran. The current research method in the macro study was applied and cross-sectional in terms of objectives, in this article the main focus of the results was on the quantitative part. The statistical population of this research included all principals of schools in Tehran, and the statistical sample was 269 of them, who were determined based on Morgan's table. The main tool of data collection was interviewing experts in this field and then developing a questionnaire. based on data analysis, an effective training system model for elementary school managers was presented, which has eight dimensions: 1) leadership and policy making with a credit of 0.87, 2) management structure with a credit of 88 0.0, 3) effective education with a credit of 0.93, 4) educational design with a credit of 0.89, 5) educational planning with a credit of 0.90, 6) executive management with a credit of 0.89, 7) executive requirements with a credit of 0.89 Credit is 0.91, 8) evaluation and monitoring is with credit 0.93. In total, an effective education model with 8 dimensions, 36 components and 154 indicators was obtained, and this model can be a helper for managers in other areas of education.

Remarriage is a chance for people who have lost a spouse to re-experience cohabitation. The aim of this study was to provide a local model of satisfied remarriage.

This research was conducted qualitatively using the grand theory approach in 2020. For this purpose, 21 couples living in Tehran who have had more than 3 years of remarriage were purposefully selected and surveyed using semi-structured interviews. Data were collected, recorded and then coded and classified into main categories.

This research was conducted qualitatively using the grand theory approach in 1399. For this purpose, 21 couples living in Tehran who have had more than 3 years of remarriage were purposefully selected and surveyed using semi-structured interviews. Data were collected, recorded and then coded and classified into main categories.

The extracted concepts were classified into 107 sub-categories and 24 main categories. The main categories were divided into 6 general categories of causal factors, contextual, intervening, strategies, consequences and central category, and finally the central category was selected as "bilateral efforts to increase satisfaction and the continuation of remarriage.

The results of the present study showed that creating a satisfying marriage depends on conscious choice and deep knowledge of each other, honesty and transparency about the issues of the former life and the current marital relationship, and finally a two-way effort to create a lasting life. And this model provided for a stable and satisfied remarriage can be a model and a path for couples. Counselors and psychologists can also help the health of families and the community by designing and implementing appropriate programs based on this model in premarital counseling and couple therapy to increase the duration of remarriage and reduce the number of divorces and the resulting injuries

The present study was conducted with the aim of presenting a research-oriented curriculum model for the preschool period.

The research method is exploratory (qualitative-quantitative) in terms of practical goals, and in terms of data, and in terms of nature, in the qualitative dimension, the foundation data is self-emerging, and in the quantitative dimension, it is a cross-sectional survey. The statistical population of the qualitative part includes university professors and experts in the field of educational sciences and psychology, and in the quantitative part, it consists of all managers and teachers of preschool centers in Tehran with a master's degree and above in the field of educational sciences, in the number of 300 people. The sampling method in the qualitative section was purposeful, snowball type, and 15 experts were selected, and we reached theoretical saturation. In the quantitative section, 169 people were selected based on Morgan's volume determination formula. In the current research, after the open and axial coding of the measurement tool, it was sent in the form of a set form and sent to the experts for selective coding and validated, and based on this, a researcher-made questionnaire was designed and distributed among the randomly selected statistical sample. Then, the collected data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.

3 dimensions, 26 components and 142 indicators were finalized for the preschool research-oriented curriculum model

After the final confirmation and prioritization of the experts, the dimensions, components and indicators of the model were drawn, and the model was validated again by the experts.

Marriage patterns are vary in each society according to social, economic and cultural conditions. This research was conducted with the aim of analyzing the pattern of marriage of young people in Tehran.

This research has been done in analyzing the pattern of youth marriage in Tehran with a qualitative method of grounded theory 28 participants were selected by purposive sampling and data were collected by semi-structured interviews

The perspective on marriage and its factors, the role of family, relatives, ceremonies and traditions, dating before marriage, appropriate age, the method of choosing a spouse and their strategy were the focus of the questions and after three stages of open, central and selective coding of the textual data, 138 concepts, respectively, 28 subcategories and 13 categories and the main theme of "finding individuality" were obtained.Delayed marriage, self-centered matching and domineering family, reductionist traditionalism and especially in boys, the desire to be friends with the opposite sex, sexual convenience, sometimes the tendency to informal marriage (temporary marriage, domestic partner) are seen as strategies.

Economic and livelihood facilities, attitude, value and action relationships between the two sexes are the main elements of the formation of this pattern.

The aim of this study was to provide a mental health promotion model for elementary students based on life skills training and triangular factors.

The statistical population in the quantitative section of elementary teachers working in Rafsanjan city includes 1457 people. Using Cochran's formula, the number of samples was estimated at least 304 people and were selected using simple random sampling method. In order to better explain the results and reveal the neglected cases in the quantitative phase, 13 in-depth interviews in the qualitative section were conducted using purposive sampling method in the form of snowballs. Data collection tool on life skills training components and triangular factors, a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity was measured by confirmatory factor analysis as well as face validity and reliability by calculating Cronbach's alpha with values ​​of 0.830 and 0.81, respectively. And the executive model of the research were analyzed using the data collected through a questionnaire as well as descriptive statistics, inferential statistics and structural equation modeling.

The research model was presented with 15 components of life skills and 10 components of triangular factors.

The main goal of the research is to identify and prioritize the dimensions and components of school-based management in secondary schools in Tehran.

In terms of purpose, this research is applied, in terms of the type of mixed data (qualitative-quantitative), in the qualitative part, it was based on the foundation data theory, and in the quantitative part, it was a cross-sectional survey. The statistical community in the qualitative part includes elites with doctoral degrees and faculty members A university scholar with at least 10 years of experience and has research qualifications and participation in the desired seminars. The sample size was 15 experts who were selected with a purposeful method and according to the principle of theoretical saturation. The data collection tool is a semi-structured interview. The statistical population in the quantitative part includes all managers, assistants and experts of the educational districts of Tehran, whose number in the academic year of 2019-400 is 62,218 according to the education statistics, and using the Cochran formula, there are 382 representative samples of the community of managers. district deputies and teachers of education in Tehran city were evaluated using Strauss and Corbin (2003) questionnaire. The theoretical coding method (open, central and selective) was used to analyze the data.

The results of the qualitative part showed that after open and central coding, it was found that the dimensions and categories of the central school include 1- the decision-making dimension, 2- the decentralization dimension, 3- the control and supervision dimension, 4- performance evaluation, 5- the organizational health dimension, 6- the internal organizational dimension, and According to the theoretical and practical bases, the relationships between the identified categories and the indigenous model of the central school are finally drawn in 6 main axes and 26 subcategories. And the results of the quantitative part, based on the analysis of the evaluation, it was determined that this model has the required validity.

The results showed that the application and operationalization of the mentioned model can help to improve the quality of education management

The purpose of this study was to develop a model of psychological well-being based on Nahj al-Balagha's approaches. The methodology of this study was qualitative content analysis based on hermeneutics and used tools, wisdom and preaching of Nahj al-Balagha's book which was studied based on the hermeneutics method of Nahj al-Balaghah wisdom.The researchers initially studied the foundations of psychological well-being based on the viewpoint of Imam Ali (PBUH).After the author's intention (Imam Ali (pbuh)) was confirmed and finalized through the hermeneutic method, the author's findings were determined.Data were encoded using MAXQDA software in two stages. In the first stage, the same coding was opened, 139 categories were extracted and then in the second stage or the central coding of the constructed categories close to each other were merged and the final coding was selectively extracted BecameThe findings of the final codification were obtained in 10 components including: Thanksgiving, valority, knowledge of the Creator, certainty, happiness, courage, hope, satisfaction, confidence and freedom The results of this study show that the teachings and wisdom of Nahj al-Balaghah are consistent with reason and reason and in many of the teachings of Nahj al-Balaghah, special attention has been paid to promoting mental health.Also, the extracted components of Nahjolbalagheh have a direct and significant relationship with mental health, in addition to the extracted concepts, are consistent with theories of psychological well-being such as Dyinger, Reef, Seligman and some other studies.

The purpose of this article is to examine modern patterns in the philosophical education of teachers and suggest practical strategies for implementing these theories in the teacher education system of Iran. The method of research is theoretical and analytical and in the way of review and library. The findings show that developing the skills of reasoning for deep and logical thinking, learning to integrate the philosophy of theory and practice, the need to develop the teacher's potential abilities, supporting teachers to accept the philosophy of mind, promoting the philosophy of mind in schools, enhancing curiosity in philosophical thinking, practicing The ideological creative thinking, the need to expand abstract thinking, the need to participate in philosophical reasoning, the attempt to answer philosophical questions, the knowledge and skills needed to interact with students in philosophical discussion are the most important reasons that make learning philosophy of mind important in educating teachers. Therefore, educating teachers who are familiar with the philosophy of mind and the need to teach the philosophy of mind in Iranian teacher training centers is important. Therefore, it is suggested to use patterns such as inductive thinking, regression model, adventure model, exploratory model in the method of biological science, model of prosecution of judiciary, role play pattern, pattern of receiving concepts and group exploration model in teacher education system of Iran.

The aim of this study was. This exploratory qualitative study was carried out using grounded theory method. Data were collected via semistructured in-depth interviews and field notes. We interviewed with 12patients with chronic depression.Participants were selected from two psychotherapy clinics. The survey instrument included;
structured Clinical Interview for DSM5 criteria and 24-item Hamilton depression scale (HRSD24). Data were analyzed using the NVIVO software. The results showed as a result of these factors caused chronic depression terms of the previous treatment failure and multiple courses prior history of depression and a sense of disability of physical problems and chronic pain. This disorder has been achieved in the context of the problem in terms of social / familial and financial / employment / education. The results showed that the basic conditions to depression include cognitive and behavioral factors which are influenced by mood and emotion regulation. The continuation of this disorder is the result of factors and physical health as well as social and family factors and occupational, academic and financial factors, which leads to the symptoms of chronic depression. Based on the grounded theory method of this study, Since most psychotherapy processes have been emphasized on aspects of cognitive / behavioral, at the time of the chronicity of the disorder, better health priority, according to maintaining these categories: health problems and physical and fields family / social and jobs / education /financial.

A Long-term satisfied marriage provides a lot of positive outcome for mental, physical health and growth for the family members. The aim of this study was to present a model of the effective factors in long-term satisfied marriage. This study was done with qualitative research and grounded theory method. Purposeful sampling used to collect the data. Sampling continued until we get to theoretical saturation. So totally 20 couples with long-term satisfied marriages (20 years and upper) interviewed in semi structured and in-depth method and analyzed using the constant comparative method. Findings indicated that a journey to growing marriage we the core category of the study. Proper marriage selection category was the causal condition of divorce. This category consisted of initial love, proper independence, proper preparation, sufficient dating before marriage. Intervening conditions were divided into three categories of Intra personal factors (functional attitudes and personality characteristics), inter personal factors (functional marital, parental and family of origin system) and Meta personal factors (financial issues). Couples (like forgiveness, problem solving, apologizing, humor style) and family of origins functional strategies (mediating the problem) in difficulties of life and conflicts were explained. Finally Consequences consisted of satisfaction with self, spouse, children and long-term marriage that was considered 20 years and above in this study. This can be conclude that reaching to a growing marriage is not an onset event, but it is a process that couples can get that by passing the vicissitudes of life. Like a journey, it has its own beauties and difficulties. Those marriages reach to the growing marriages that provided by right elements and strategies.

Instructional design is art and science of designation, detailed characterization for development, evaluates and maintains the positions that will facilitate learning and performance (Reigeluth, 2009). Instructional design is a very active area of ​​ instructional technology, which seeks to facilitate learning and performance (Reiser & Dempsey, 1391, translation by Vahdani Assadi., et al). Morality of the most important issues, that educational system focuses on it (Bagheri, 1389). To achieve educational goals in the teaching of moral education, we need better methods. The aim of this study is to provide instructional design model for moral education. For this purpose, multiple method of exploratory research with developed and confirmed model was used , for this purpose, in first step the concepts and theories in the field of moral education were reviewed, and after the classification, the conceptual framework developed, and instructional design model of ethics education was presented. Then moral instructional content, based on this instructional design model was designed, and on sixth grade students was conducted. The results show the impact of this model on moral growth and moral behavior students.