خودشناسی انسجامی

The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the treatment based on acceptance and commitment to coherent self-knowledge and reducing self-injurious behaviors in self-injurious delinquent teenagers of the correctional center. This was a semi-experimental study with a pre-test/post-test design and a control group with a 3-month follow-up period. The statistical population of the study was all delinquent male teenagers who had experienced self-harm in Tehran Correctional Center in 2022, out of which 36 people were selected using the purposeful sampling method. These numbers were randomly replaced in two treatment groups based on acceptance and commitment, and the control group. Data were collected using the self-concept questionnaire of Ghorbani et al. (2008, ISK) and Klonsky et al.'s self-injurious behaviors (2009, ISAS). Treatment intervention based on acceptance and commitment was implemented in 10 sessions of 90 minutes once a week. The data were analyzed using an analysis of variance with repeated measurements. The findings showed that there was a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test averages of self-awareness and self-injurious behaviors at the 0.05 level, and in addition, there was a significant difference at the 0.05 level between the post-test and follow-up averages of these two variables. From the above findings, it can be concluded that the treatment based on acceptance and commitment is effective and long-lasting in improving self-awareness and self-harming behaviors.

The objective of this study was to examine the interrelationship between integrated self-knowledge, emotional distress tolerance, and critical thinking in students who have experienced love trauma syndrome. The study employed a descriptive correlation methodology. The study population comprised all students at Kharazmi University (Iran) diagnosed with love trauma syndrome during the 2023-2024 academic year. A statistical sample comprising 112 individuals with a score above 20 on the love trauma inventory (LTI), and within the age range of 18 to 38 years was selected. The data were collected using the Integrative Self-Knowledge Scale (ISS), the Distress Tolerance Scale (DTS), and the Critical Thinking Disposition (EMI). The analysis was conducted using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). The findings indicated that there is a significant correlation between integrative self-knowledge and the emotional distress tolerance (R2=0.53) and to engage in critical thinking (R2=0.68). Therefore, holding psychological workshops based on integrative self-knowledge is necessary. This approach is essential for fostering greater tolerance of emotional distress and critical thinking in students who have experienced love trauma syndrome.

The current research was aimed at Structural Equation Modeling of the Relationship Between Integrative self-knowledge and Alexithymia with Psychopathologies with the Mediating Role of Mindfulness and Psychological Flexibility. The research design was a correlational design and the research's statistical population included Tehran universities' virtual learning students and the final sample size was determined to be 342 individuals using convenience sampling and considering sample size formula suggested by Kline (2005). The instruments used for data collection included Ghorbani et al.'s Integrative Self-Knowledge Scale (2008), Bond, et al.`s Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (2011), Brown & Ryan's Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (2003), the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (1994), and the Symptom Checklist (1972) of Derogatis, L.et al. Path analysis was used to analyze the data. The findings of correlation analysis showed psychopathologies to be negatively correlated with mindfulness, psychological flexibility, and integrative self-knowledge and positively correlated with alexithymia. According to the results, all correlations were found to be significant at the level of (0.01). Furthermore, according to path analysis results, the intermediary role of mindfulness and psychological flexibility was found to be significant in the relationship between alexithymia and integrative self-knowledge with psychopathologies. It can conclude that the mindfulness and psychological flexibility as two critical mediators have a pivotal role in psychopathologies prediction and also, they increase the effect of integrative self-knowledge in psychopathologies reduction

The present study was conducted to determine the mediating role of interpersonal sensitivity in the relationship between integrative self-knowledge and self-injurious behaviors in adolescents. The current descriptive-correlation research was of structural equation modeling type. The statistical population of this research included all students of the second secondary level in Tehran in the second semester of the academic year 2023. 419 people participated in this study using the available method and were administered the Inter Personal Sensitivity Measure (IPSM; Boyce & Parker, 1989), Orbach and Mikulincer Mental Pain Scale (OMMP; Orbach et al., 2003), the Integrative Self-Knowledge Scale (ISKS; Ghorbani et al., 2008) and the Inventory of Statements About Self-Injury (ISAS; Klonsky & Glenn, 2009) responded. Data analysis was done by structural equation modeling method. The results showed that the proposed model is a good fit. The results showed that the direct effect of integrative self-knowledge on self-injurious behaviors was negatively significant; On the other hand, interpersonal sensitivity had a positive direct effect on self-injurious behaviors. Also, the results showed that integrative self-knowledge had a negative direct effect on interpersonal sensitivity (P<0.05). The results of the bootstrap test showed that interpersonal sensitivity had a significant mediating role between integrative self-knowledge and self-injurious behaviors (P<0.05). The results of this study indicate that integrative self-knowledge affects self-injurious behaviors directly and through the mediation of interpersonal sensitivity.

Personality traits are one of the most important factors in preserving and disintegrating the family. People who have adaptive behaviors and can manage their unpleasant and negative emotions experience better relationships. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the role of psychological factors in the quality of couples' relationships.

The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between character strengths and marital relationship quality using structural equation modeling, with integrative self-knowlege as a mediator.

The current descriptive and correlational research was conducted using structural equation modeling. The statistical population of this research consisted of all married men and women living in Tehran in 1402. The sample was 392 people who were randomly selected in a multi-stage cluster. In order to collect data, questionnaires of the quality of couple relationships were used by Kundi et al. (2016), Patterson and Sigelman's character abilities (2004), Ghorbani et al.'s (2008) cohesive self-knowledge. In order to evaluate the proposed model, structural equation modeling was used using AMOS and SPSS-27.

The results indicated that the structural model of the relationship between character strengths and marital relationship quality with integrative self-knowlege as a mediator fit the data well. Both character strengths and integrative self-knowledge were found to have direct and positive effects on marital relationship quality. Additionally, character strengths indirectly influenced marital relationship quality through integrative self-knowledge (β= 0.174, P< 0.001). These findings suggest that enhancing character strengths, both directly and indirectly through the influence of integrative self-knowlege, can play a significant role in improving marital relationship quality.

The findings of the present study contribute to a clearer understanding of the concept, dimensions, and factors influencing marital relationship quality. This knowledge can serve as a basis for strategic decision-making aimed at strengthening families. Moreover, the study can lead to a deeper understanding of the concept of marital relationship quality and complement existing theories in this field.

The present study was conducted to determine the mediating role of mental pain in the relationship between integrative self-knowledge and self-injurious behaviors in adolescents. The current descriptive-correlation research was of structural equation modeling type. The statistical population of this research included all students of the second secondary level in Tehran in the second semester of the academic year 2023. 419 people participated in this study using the available method and were administered the Orbach and Mikulincer Mental Pain Scale (OMMP; Orbach et al., 2003), the Integrative Self-Knowledge Scale (ISKS; Ghorbani et al., 2008) and the Inventory of Statements About Self-Injury (ISAS; Klonsky & Glenn, 2009) responded. Data analysis was done by structural equation modeling method. The results showed that the proposed model is a good fit. The results showed that the direct effect of integrative self-knowledge on self-injurious behaviors was negatively significant; On the other hand, mental pain had a positive direct effect on self-injurious behaviors. Also, the results showed that integrative self-knowledge had a negative direct effect on mental pain (P<0.05). The results of the bootstrap test showed that mental pain had a significant mediating role between integrative self-knowledge and self-injurious behaviors (P<0.05). The results of this study indicate that integrative self-knowledge affects self-injurious behaviors directly and through the mediation of mental pain.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy on psychological coherence and emotional regulation in women with experience of extramarital relationships in Tehran in 1402. The current research was a semi-experimental type with a pre-test-post-test design with experimental and control groups. The statistical population was all women with experience of extramarital relationship referring to psychological counseling and services centers in Tehran, who were selected by available sampling method and were placed in two experimental (15 people) and control (15 people) groups. The experimental group received cognitive-behavioral group psychotherapy intervention in 10 90-minute sessions, and the control group remained on the waiting list. The measurement tool used in the research was the psychological coherence Questionnaire (Kimaei et al., 2013) and the Emotional Regulation Questionnaire (Garnefski and Karaij, 2006). The analysis of the information obtained from the implementation of the questionnaire was done through the SPSS-v22 software in two parts: descriptive and inferential (covariance). The results showed that cognitive behavioral therapy has increased the psychological coherence in women who have experienced extramarital relationships. Also, the results showed that cognitive behavioral therapy increased emotional regulation in women with extramarital relationship experience. Therefore, it can be said that cognitive-behavioral group psychotherapy is an effective method to improve psychological coherence and emotional regulation in women with extramarital relationship experience.

The aim of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of schema therapy based on the mindset model focused on emotional dysregulation and coherent self-knowledge in self-harming teenagers. This research was a semi-experimental type with a pre-test, post-test, and control group design with a 3-month follow-up period. The statistical population of the research was all delinquent male teenagers who experienced self-harm in the Tehran Correctional Center in 2022, and 36 of them were selected using a targeted sampling method. This number was randomly replaced between the schema therapy group and the control group. Data were collected using Ghorbani et al.'s (2008) Cohesive Self-Knowledge Questionnaire (ISK) and Gratz et al.'s (2004) Emotional Dysregulation Questionnaire (DERS). Schematic therapy intervention based on the oriented mindset model was held in 20 sessions of 90 minutes and once a week. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance with repeated measurements. The results showed the difference between the pre-test and post-test stage of emotional dysregulation (p<0.05, d=-9.89) and the pre-test follow-up of emotional dysregulation (p<0.05, d=-12.8). , is significant. Also, the difference between the pre-test and post-test stage of self-knowledge of coherence (p<0.05, d=-8.63) and the pre-test of follow-up of self-knowledge and coherence (p>0.05, d=3.71) is meaningful. It is concluded that the therapeutic scheme based on the mindset-orientation model on emotional dysregulation and self-knowledge is effective and lasting.

The purpose of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of group reality therapy on the cohesive self-knowledge and self-management and impaired performance of secondary school students. This research was a semi-experimental research with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group with a follow-up period of one month. The statistical population of the research was all secondary school female students in Nazar Abad city in the academic year 2021-2022, from which 30 people were selected using the purposeful sampling method. This number was randomly replaced between the reality therapy group and the control group. Data were collected using Jeffrey Young's early maladaptive schemas questionnaire (YSQ-SF) (1998) and Ghorbani et al. are Coherent Self-Knowledge Questionnaire (ISK) (2008). The intervention of the reality therapy group was held in 10 sessions of 90 minutes once a week. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance with repeated measurements. The results showed the difference between the pre-test and post-test phase of self-knowledge of coherence (p<0.05, d=-8.63) and follow-up pre-test (p<0.05, d=-3.71) and the difference Between the pre-test and post-test stages of self-management and dysfunctional performance (p<0.05, d=9.89) and follow-up pre-test (p<0.05, d=12.8), it is significant that It gives the effect of research intervention in these variables. It is concluded that by using group reality therapy, it is possible to help to increase self-awareness and adjust the self-centeredness and dysfunctional performance of high school students.

Adjustment of patients with the challenges and tensions of Covid-19 using integrative self-knowledge, self-compassion, and emotion regulation can be associated with the level of Self-concept clarity. Therefore, the integrative self-knowledge, self-compassion, and emotion regulation of patients were compared based on the levels of Self-concept Clarity.

The present study had a Single-factor design. The population of the study was patients with Covid-19 and a sample included 162 participants. Based on the levels of self-concept clarity (low, middle, and high), three groups were defined, each consisting of 35 people. Data were collected using the self-concept clarity, integrative self-knowledge scale, emotion regulation questionnaire, and self-compassion scale. Data were analyzed using the MANOVA test and Bonferroni’s post hoc test.

According to the results, the mean integrative self-knowledge and self-compassion in the high Self-concept clarity group were significantly more than the other two groups, and in the middle group more than the low group. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of reappraisal. The mean of suppression in the high self-concept clarity group was higher than the low self-concept clarity group.

These findings imply that the higher levels of Self-concept Clarity can help to promote integrative self-knowledge and self-compassion and reduce suppression in the patients with Covid-19 that facilitates adjustment with the disease.

his study aimed to compare the Object Relations and Integrative Self-knowledge between officially married couples and cohabitants. The statistical population of this causal-comparative study included all officially married and cohabitant couples between 18 to 40 years old living in Iran in 2021. 120 men and women were selected by convenience sampling method and filled out Bell Object Relations Inventory (Bell, 2007) and Integrative Self-knowledge Scale (Ghorbani, Watson & Harges, 2008). To analyze the data of this study, multivariate analysis of variance was applied. The results indicated that there was no significant difference in Object Relations and Integrative Self-knowledge components between cohabitants and officially married couples. Findings of this study can contribute to better psychological understanding of this emerging phenomenon in the transitional society of Iran, resolve partly the basic contradictions in the results of recent researches and open new horizons for future studies. 

Undoubtedly, man as a social being is related to other human beings. Because human behavior can be influenced by others, it is important to recognize the factors that affect social relationships. The research method is descriptive-correlational and the statistical population consists of graduate students of Tehran universities in the first half of 1400, from which 160 eligible people were selected by random cluster sampling and self-identification questionnaire (Ghorbani et al., 2008). , Defense mechanisms (DSQ-40) responded to emotional self-regulation (Hoffman and Kashedan, 2010) and the quality of interpersonal relationships (Pierce et al., 1991). Research data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis. The results showed that the components of cohesive self-knowledge (reflective self-knowledge, experiential self-knowledge and cohesive self-knowledge) have a positive relationship with the quality of interpersonal relationships. Undeveloped negative relationship and no significant relationship was found between the mechanism of disturbed psychology and the quality of interpersonal relationships. Among the components of emotional self-regulation, adaptation and tolerance have a positive relationship, and tolerance of a negative relationship has a significant relationship with the quality of interpersonal relationships. The findings of this study showed that emotional self-regulation, defense mechanisms and cohesive self-knowledge are effective factors in the quality of interpersonal relationships, so by identifying these variables in individuals and improving them, the quality of relationships can be improved.

Loneliness is a common experience in adolescents, but when it occurs frequently, it can have devastating effects on their physical, mental, and emotional health.The present study is a descriptive correlational design. The statistical population of this study was all adolescents aged 15-18 years in District 7 of Mashhad, who were studying in the academic year 1399-1400, 2550 people, the sample size is available by sampling method and 334 people were selected based on Krejcie and Morgan table. The questionnaire used was Ghorbani et al.\'s (2008) Cohesive Self-Knowledge Questionnaire, Khodayari Fard et al.\'s Religious Attitude Questionnaire (2013) and Russell, Pilva and Cortona (1980) Loneliness Questionnaire. Pearson correlation coefficient, multivariate regression analysis and SPSS 21 software were used to analyze the collected data. It showed that cohesive self-knowledge has a non-significant effect on predicting adolescent loneliness (P <0.05) but religious beliefs have the ability to predict adolescent loneliness (P <0.05). Also, there is a significant negative correlation between cohesive self-knowledge and adolescents \'feeling of loneliness with a confidence of 0.99, and this variable was able to predict adolescents\' feelings of loneliness. There is a negative and significant relationship between the components of religious beliefs (religious beliefs, religious emotions, religious behavior, social pretense) with adolescents \'feelings of loneliness, but among these components, only religious emotions and religious behavior have a significant effect on predicting adolescents\' feelings of loneliness. It showed that cohesive self-knowledge and religious beliefs predict loneliness in adolescents. Therefore Cohesive self-knowledge variables and religious beliefs can be used as a throwback to solving adolescents\' feelings of loneliness.

appropriate educational facilities, along with the active and motivated minds of learners, will lead to the progress of the country; Therefore, one of the important research priorities in this field is to identify and investigate the effective factors in the mental health of students, which are considered the main components of the educational system. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the causal relationship between coherent self-awareness and basic psychological needs with psychological well-being with regard to the mediating role of mindfulness in middle school students of Tehran.

This descriptive correlational study was conducted on a sample of 352 people, who were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method from among all secondary school students of the 2nd district of Tehran in the academic year of 2019-1400. Ghorbani et al.'s (2008), basic psychological needs of LaGuardia et al.'s (2000), Rief's psychological well-being (1989) and Freiburg's mindfulness (2006) questionnaires were implemented and the data were collected using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation and structural equation modeling methods in P>0.01 significance level was analyzed by AMOS software and SPSS version 24.

The structural model of predicting psychological well-being based on basic psychological needs and self-knowledge, with the mediation of mindfulness in students, had an acceptable and favorable fit (P<0.01); Therefore, it can be concluded that the satisfaction of basic psychological needs and self-knowledge of coherence with the mediation of mindfulness explains psychological well-being in middle school students.

Considering the positive and meaningful relationship of psychological well-being with basic psychological needs and coherent self-knowledge and confirming the mediating role of mindfulness in this process and the importance of psychological well-being in nurturing and improving the academic performance of students, paying attention to the level of mindfulness and satisfying the basic psychological needs of students in schools It is very important and it is recommended that schools organize programs in their work program to improve the level of self-awareness of students and to familiarize and apply more concepts such as mindfulness, and to plan educational environments in a way that can meet the basic needs of students.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of parents' coherent self-knowledge between parental attachment components with students' self-concept. </strong>The method of the study was descriptive-correlation of structural equation modeling. The statistical population of the study included all female high school students in Tehran and their parents in the academic year of 2021 from which 446 people were selected by the cluster sampling. Participants completed the questionnaires of Raj Kumar Sarasut’ self-concept, Hazan & Shaver’s attachment and Ghorbani’s integrative self-knowledge. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and path analysis. The results showed that the direct effects of the attachment style (secure, avoidance and ambivalent) and coherent self-knowledge on self-concept were significant. Cohesive self-knowledge also played a mediating role in the relationship between parental attachment styles and students' self-concept. Accordingly, the parents' attachment styles can predict students' self-concept through the mediation of integrative self-knowledge.

The aim of this study was to predict integrative self- knowledge based on self-compassion, self-discovery and mindfulness with the mediating role of emotional cognitive self-regulation in the university students.

The research method was correlational and specifically path analysis. The statistical population included all students of Shiraz Branch of Azad University in the academic year 2020-2021. The statistical sample consisted of 250 people who were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling and answered the questionnaires of self- knowledge, self-compassion, self-discovery, mindfulness, emotional cognitive self-regulation.

The results showed a good fit of the proposed model. The indirect effect of self-compassion, self-discovery, and mindfulness through emotional cognitive self-regulation of integrative self- knowledge was significant. Based on the research findings, it can be concluded that emotional cognitive self-regulation plays a mediating role in the relationship between self-compassion, self-discovery, mindfulness and integrative self- knowledge.

According to the results, it seems necessary to consider emotional cognitive self-regulation as the influential factor promoting integrative self- knowledge.

This study was aimed to investigate the relationship between self-regulation processes and the symptom severity of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder according to conscientiousness in non-clinical sample. 210 Iranian students of Tehran province universities (147 women and 63 men) were selected by available sampling and completed following scales: Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (Brown & Ryan, 2003), Revised Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder Questionnaire (Martukovich, 2004), Integrative Self-Knowledge Scale (Ghorbani, et al. 2008), Brief Self-Control Scale (Tangney, et al. 2004) and 10 questions of conscientiousness from Goldberg Big 5 (50) Personality Scale (1999). The analysis path method showed the mediator role of conscientiousness in relationship between mindfulness and self-control with symptom severity of OCPD. Mindfulness was directly related to symptom severity of OCPD and conscientiousness played the mediator role between mindfulness and self-control with symptom severity of OCPD. It can be concluded that mindfulness may play the protective role against the nonclinical OCPD symptoms and high level of self-control in the individuals with pathological levels of conscientiousness may underlie OCPD symptoms.

Mindfulness has recently been considered by many mental health professionals as a predictor trait of mental and physical health and many therapeutic methods seek to increase clients' mindfulness in order to achieve health. However, there is no difference between the effectiveness of static psychotherapy and mindfulness-focused approaches. Also, mindfulness-based therapeutic methods usually perform mindful interventions the traditional way in a static manner, which leads to the repression of emotions, and these methods are not compatible with the dynamism and pace of the modern world and the dynamics of the postmodern human mind. Movement, dynamic psychotherapeutic interventions, exciting games, and challenges have been designed into sensorimotor mindful interventions. In the present study, sensorimotor mindful interventions were designed and formulated through a bio-psycho-social approach, using a mixed-method and the data obtained from 20 (including 10 men and 10 women) of the clients of the psychology clinic. In the quantitative study, the effectiveness of the designed interventions on integrative self-knowledge was measured for a sample of 30 people (including 19 men and 11 women). In this paper, the literature in the field of psychotherapy that confirms the theoretical basis of sensorimotor mindful interventions was reviewed under the discussion and conclusion section. The results of this study showed that sensorimotor mindful interventions are in line with the most up-to-date studies in the field of health and psychotherapy and these interventions incorporate a wide range of therapeutic methods. The quantitative study also showed that sensorimotor mindful interventions increase integrative self-knowledge (p < 0.05). With regard to the fact that integrative self-knowledge is one of the most important emotional self-regulation processes and a predictor of health and a sign of becoming conscious of the unconscious, the results of this study showed that sensorimotor mindful interventions lead to derepression, reconstruction of real scenes of each individual’s life, and compassionate confrontation with mental and physical reality without verbal barriers. Also, empowering the mind and body using a variety of games and challenges which bring broad personality traits to consciousness in each individual leads the person to self-actualization and talent development.

One of the problems of depressed people is the inability to self-knowledge and one of the possibly effective treatments in this field is therapies based on a psychoanalytic approach. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of integrated psychodynamic group therapy on integrative self-knowledge in depressed patients. This study was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design and follow-up with a control group. The statistical population of this study was women referring to the Belagh clinic in Qom. Among them, 32 patients (16 with major depression and 16 with Dysthymia) were purposefully selected and randomly divided into control and experimental groups. Subjects completed the Integrative Self- Knowledge Scale (Qorbani, 2008) in the pre-test and post-test stages. The experimental group was treated with the integrated psychodynamic group therapy protocol for 24 sessions (120 minutes per week) and the control group did not receive any intervention. Analysis of covariance was used to analyze the data. The results showed that the integrated psychodynamic group therapy significantly increased the integrated self-knowledge in the experimental group compared to the control group (P <0.01). Therefore, integrated psychodynamic group therapy can be used to increase self-knowledge in depressed people.