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The purpose of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy in enhancing health promotion behaviors and psychological capitals among individuals diagnosed with type-2 diabetes. A quasi-experimental design comprising a pre-test, post-test, control group, and a two-month follow-up period was utilized for the study. The statistical population for the summer of 2021 in the Shahreza comprised individuals diagnosed with type-2 diabetes. By means of purposive sampling, 34 patients diagnosed with type-2 diabetes were selected in a random manner (18 men and 16 women) and assigned to either the experimental or control group. Over a period of two and a half months, the experimental group was exposed to eight positive psychotherapy sessions, each lasting seventy-five minutes. The health promoting behaviors questionnaire (HPBQ) and the psychological capitals questionnaire (PCQ) were utilized in this research. The data obtained from the research were subjected to analysis using mixed ANOVA in SPSS-23. The results showed that positive psychotherapy significantly influences the health promotion behaviors and psychological capitals of patients with type 2 diabetes (p<0.001). Positive psychotherapy can be an effective treatment to improve health promotion behaviors and psychological capitals in patients with type-2 diabetes, according to the findings of the present study. This is achieved through the use of techniques such as positive life vision and the instruction of optimism and hope for the future.

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy on social self-efficacy, affect control and mental vitality in delinquent adolescents. The research method was semi-experimental with pre-test-post-test design with follow-up and control group. The sample consisted of 30 juvenile delinquents aged 16 to 20 years in Neka Correctional Center who were selected by Purposeful sampling method and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The research instruments included Adolescents 'Social Self-Efficacy Questionnaire, Emotion Control Scale, and Adolescents' Mental Vitality Scale. Positive psychotherapy program was taught weekly to the experimental group in 8 two-hour sessions. At the end of the sessions, post-test and follow-up were performed 3 months later. The results of repeated measures analysis of variance showed that a positive psychotherapy program was effective on social self-efficacy, emotion control and mental vitality of delinquent adolescents and this effect continued until the follow-up stage. Overall, the results indicate that the positive psychotherapy program can be effective in increasing social self-efficacy, affects control and mental vitality of delinquent teenagers, and this program can be used to promote the reduction of delinquent behaviors in adolescents.

This research aims to compare the effectiveness of therapeutic intervention based on the healthy human theory with positive psychotherapy on self-compassion and cognitive fusion of mothers with children on the autism spectrum.

The research method was quasi-experimental (three groups-three stages) and the statistical population included all mothers of children with autism spectrum disorders who referred to autism centers in Isfahan city in July 2022, and 20 people were placed in each group in a targeted manner. The data in all three stages were collected by Neff's self-compassion questionnaire (2003) and Gillanders et al.'s (2014) cognitive fusion scale. Also, the positive psychotherapy package of Rashid and Seligman (2013) was implemented during 8 sessions of 90 minutes on the first experimental group and the therapeutic intervention package based on the healthy human theory was implemented as 9 sessions of 90 minutes on the second experimental group.

The results of variance analysis with repeated measurement showed that both therapeutic intervention packages based on healthy human theory and positive psychotherapy reduced cognitive fusion and increased self-compassion of mothers with children on the autism spectrum (p≥0.05) and this effectiveness in follow-up phase has also been stable. Also, the results of Bonferroni's post hoc test showed that there is no significant difference between the effectiveness of the two therapeutic intervention packages in any of the research variables.

Based on the results of this research, psychologists can use both interventions to increase the awareness of mothers with children on the autism spectrum regarding the meaning and positive emotions in order to reduce cognitive fusion and increase self-compassion

The present study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of positivist psychotherapy on the psychological capital and social competence in married childless women. It was a quasi-experimental study with pretest, posttest and control group method. The follow-up stage was a two-month period too. The statistical population of the study included married childless women in the city of Isfahan in the spring of 2022. Thirty five married childless women were selected through purposive sampling method and randomly accommodated into experimental and control groups (18 women in the experimental group and 17 in the control group). The women in the experimental group received ten ninety-minute sessions of positivist psychotherapy during two-and-a-half months. The applied questionnaires in the study included psychological capital questionnaire (Luthans, Avolive, 2007) and social competence questionnaire (Felner, et.al., 1990). The data from the study were analyzed through mixed ANOVA via SPSS23 software. The results showed that positivist psychotherapy has significant effect on the psychological capital (F=58.96; Eta=0.64; P<0001) and social competence (F=34.39; Eta=0.51; P<0001) of married childless women. According to the findings of the study it can be concluded that positivist psychotherapy can be used as an efficient method to improve psychological capital and social competence of married childless women through employing techniques such as positive vision toward the life, training optimism and hope to the future.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy on adherence to treatment and glycosylated hemoglobin in female patients with type 2 diabetes.

This study was a quasi-experimental type of pre-test, post-test and follow-up. 30 women with type 2 diabetes who referred to Iran Diabetes Association located in Tehran province from January to May 2019 were selected by purposive sampling method. Then they were randomly assigned to the experimental group (under positive psychotherapy) (n=15) and the control group (n=15). Data collection tools were the adherence to treatment scale (Murisky, Eng, & Wood, 2008) and glycosylated hemoglobin measurement in three baseline stages, after the intervention and three-month follow-up. The structure of positive psychotherapy sessions was implemented based on Seligman's positive psychotherapy group intervention (2006) in eight sessions for the experimental group. Data analysis was done using multivariate repeated measure analysis of variance.

The findings showed that in the group under positive psychotherapy, the average score of adherence to treatment is significantly higher than the control group (F=511.16, P<0.001). In addition, women with diabetes in the experimental group decreased significantly in the average glycosylated hemoglobin score compared to the control group (F=389.50, P<0.001).

The results of this study showed that positive psychotherapy can be effective in improving treatment compliance and reducing glycosylated hemoglobin in women with type 2 diabetes.

The current research aimed to determine the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy on the psychological well-being, resilience, and meaning of life of mothers of mentally retarded children. The present research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population in this research was all mothers with mentally retarded children in the Sai Noor rehabilitation center of Saveh City in 2022, among them 24 people, 12 people in the control group and 12 people in the experimental group were selected through the available sampling method. They were randomly placed in two groups. To collect data, questionnaires of demographic characteristics, psychological well-being of Reif (PWB) (1989), resilience questionnaire of Connor and Davidson (CD_RSC) (2003), and meaning of life questionnaire (MLQ) (2006) were used. To analyze the data, the multivariate covariance test (MANCOVA) was used. The findings of the research showed that by controlling the pre-test effect between the post-test mean of psychological well-being, resilience, and meaning of life in two groups. There was a significant difference between test and control at the level of 0.05. As a result, positive psychotherapy can be considered as an effective intervention for mothers of mentally retarded children.

This study aimed to compare the efficacy of positive psychotherapy training, Pennsylvania resilience, and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on students’ academic well-being. A controlled pretest-posttest quasi-experimental study was conducted with a two-month follow-up. The statistical population included all third-year male students in Shahrekord public middle schools during the school year 2020-2021. Using the available sampling method, Sixty people were selected and randomly divided into four fifteen people experimental and control groups. Each of the experimental groups underwent six sessions, held twice weekly, of the Pennsylvania Resilience Program (Seligman et al., 2009), positive psychotherapy (Seligman et al., 2013), or mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (Segal et al., 2012). The controls did not receive any intervention during the same period. Tuominen-Soini et al.’s (2012) academic well-being Questionnaire constituted the research instrument. The data were analyzed using a mixed model analysis of variance. The results revealed a significant effect of positive psychotherapy training, Pennsylvania resilience, and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on academic well-being on the scales of school value ) F= 20/558), school burnout (F= 29/52), academic satisfaction (F= 11/403), school work engagement (F= 8/608) and the stability of these programs in effect was in the follow-up phase (P<=0.05), but there was no significant difference between the three types of intervention compared to each other. Results show that all three interventions are effective in strengthening the learners' motivation, progress, and academic well-being by feeding coping resources and strengthening the mental strength of the learners and their psychological capital.

the present study aims to compare the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy and treatment based on acceptance and commitment on psychological flexibility, distress tolerance and abilities of divorced women. The statistical population of the present study included all divorced women in Damghan in 2021. Of these, 45 were selected and randomly assigned to a control group and two experimental groups. To collect information from the Distress Tolerance Scale, Cognitive Flexibility Questionnaire, Competencies; Acceptance and commitment treatment protocols and Positive psychotherapy protocol were used . Analysis of covariance was used to analyze the data. The results of analysis of covariance showed that the psychotherapy group based on acceptance and commitment compared to the positive psychotherapy group in all components of cognitive flexibility scored significantly higher (P <0.01). Also, the results of covariance analysis showed that the positive psychotherapy group scored significantly higher than the acceptance and commitment-based therapy in the variables of stress tolerance and character empowerment (P <0.01). According to the findings of the present study, it can be said that positivist psychotherapy methods and treatment based on acceptance and commitment, have an important role in promoting of mental health and flexibility of divorced women.

Consider the role of psychological problems in the incidence and recurrence of cardiovascular disease in individuals it is necessary to treat these factors while identifying them. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy on alexithymia and repetitive negative thinking in cardiovascular patients. The semi-experimental research method was pre-test-post-test design with control group and 3-month follow-up stage. The statistical population of the study included all cardiovascular patients referred to Imam Reza Heart Hospital in Mashhad in 2021. Among them, 30 subjects (14 males and 16 females) were selected by purposeful sampling method and randomly assigned to two experimental groups (15) and control group (15). The experimental group received psychotherapy based on positive psychology perspective in 6 sessions, 60 minutes individually. To collect data, Alexei Teymia Toronto-20 questionnaire (Begby et al., 1994) and recurring negative thoughts (McEavi et al., 2010) were used. The data were analyzed using repeated variance analysis test. According to the results of this study, there was a significant difference in the scores of emotional failure variable and its components including difficulty in identifying emotions, difficulty in describing emotions and objective thinking, and repeated negative thoughts variable, considering the main effect of time stages, the main effect of psychotherapy intervention and also the interactive effect of time stages with psychotherapy intervention (P<0.01). Positive psychotherapy had effectiveness and efficiency in reducing alexithya and repetitive negative thoughts in cardiovascular patients.

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy on life expectancy and psychological well-being in women with breast cancer.

The research method was semi-experimental with pre-test-post-test design and follow-up with the control group. The statistical population consisted of all female patients between the ages of 20 and 45 with breast cancer who received a definitive diagnosis of breast cancer according to clinical and laboratory examinations by a specialist. Among them, 30 subjects were selected by available non-random sampling method and were randomly assigned to two experimental groups (positive-oriented psychotherapy) and control (15 in each group). Then, the experimental group was treated with positive psychotherapy methods based on Seligman’s (2006) protocol in 10 sessions of 90 minutes (one session per week) and the waiting list group did not undergo any intervention until the end of the follow-up. Data were collected using Snyder's Life Expectancy Questionnaire (2000) and Ryff Psychological Well-Being Questionnaire (1989) and analyzed by repeated measure analysis of variance using SPSS-22 software.

The results showed that positive-oriented psychotherapy affected life expectancy (F=36.35, P>0.001) and psychological well-being (F=13.54, P<0.001) in women with breast cancer.

As a result, health professionals can use any method along with other treatment methods to improve life expectancy, psychological well-being of vulnerable groups, including breast cancer patients.

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy on body image satisfaction and happiness in adolescent girls dissatisfied with body image.

The present study was a quasi-experimental design with pre-test-post-test and follow-up design. Among the adolescent girls who were dissatisfied with the body image, a sample of 30 people was selected by purposive non-random sampling method and was randomly replaced in two groups of experimental (positive psychotherapy) and control. (15 people in each group). After evaluation, 30 adolescent girls who were dissatisfied with the body image, who scored lower than the cut score of the image satisfaction questionnaire and had the necessary conditions, were identified and then divided into two groups of 15, one experimental group and one control group. Then, 8 sessions of 90-minute positive psychotherapy of Seligman (2008) in the experimental group were performed in person and in accordance with health protocols. Data were collected using Happiness Questionnaire and Image Satisfaction Scale. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance with SPSS-22 software.

The results showed that in the post-test and follow-up stages, positive psychotherapy was effective on body image satisfaction (F=49.86, P<0.001) and happiness (F=13.53, P<0.001). And in the post-test and follow-up stages, treatment based on acceptance and commitment were effective on body image satisfaction and happiness, and in other cases no significant difference was observed.

In general, according to the results of the study, it is possible to use positive psychotherapy and therapy based on acceptance and commitment to improve the psychological problems of adolescent girls.

The present study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of positive psychotherapy on cognitive fusion and self-compassion in the patients with type-2 diabetes. The research method was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest, control group and two-month follow-up period design. The statistical population included the patients with type-2 diabetes in summer of 2021 in the Shahreza city. 34 patients with type-2 diabetes were selected through purposive sampling method and randomly accommodated into experimental and control groups. The experimental group received eight seventy-five-minute sessions of positive psychotherapy intervention during two-and-a-half months. The applied questionnaires in this study included cognitive fusion questionnaire (Gillanders et al, 2014) and self-compassion questionnaire (Neff, 2003). The data from the study were analyzed through mixed ANOVA via SPSS23 software. The results showed that positive psychotherapy has significant effect on the cognitive fusion and self-compassion in the patients with type-2 diabetes (p<0.001). According to the findings of the present study it can be concluded that the positive psychotherapy can be used as an efficient treatment to decreace cognitive fusion and improve self-compassion in the patients with type-2 diabetes through employing techniques such as positive life vision, teaching optimism and hope for the future.

The tendency to flourish and psychological flexibility are very important variables for depressed women. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy and positive psychotherapy on tendency to flourish and psychological flexibility in depressed women.

The research method is quasi-experimental with three groups in three stages: pre-test, post-test and follow-up. The statistical population of the study included depressed women in Isfahan in autumn and winter of 2019 and 2020. From the statistical population, 60 women were selected through purposive sampling and then randomly assigned to two experimental groups (20 people in each group) and control group (20 people). Tendency to Flourish Questionnaire and Psychological Flexibility Questionnaire were used to measure the dependent variable. Acceptance and commitment treatment and positive psychotherapy group were treated in 12 and 13 sessions respectively, and the control group did not receive any treatment. Data were analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc test by SPSS version 26.

The results showed that in positive emotions, fascination, meaning, relationships, achievement and psychological flexibility, there was a significant difference between acceptance and commitment therapy and positivist psychotherapy with the control group (P<0.01). Also, they were more effectiveness in positive emotions and fascination for positive psychotherapy and more effectiveness in psychological flexibility for accepting and committing therapy (P<0.05).

Considering the difference in the effectiveness of positivist psychotherapy and acceptance and commitment therapy on increasing flourishing and psychological flexibility respectively, pay attention to this difference in the effectiveness of the two therapies on the variables related to their theoretical foundations, in psychological treatment centers for depressed women need to be considered.

In recent years, with the advent of a new approach called "positive psychology", the emphasis is on competency and the definition of concepts that help ensure the health and happiness of people and their enjoyment of a healthy life. The aim of this study was to compare and compare cognitive therapy based on mindfulness and positive psychotherapy on the psychological capital of female students with group performance. In this study, quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test methods with control group were used. Thirty students were selected from these students by voluntary sampling method and were divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group was trained in eight sessions of two hours, one session per week as a group with cognitive therapy based on mindfulness and positive psychotherapy. Finally, considering the drop in participants, the number of subjects was reduced to 10. Subjects in both groups completed the Lutans Psychological Capital Questionnaire twice before the test and after participating in group sessions. Findings showed that mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, and positive psychotherapy, increase psychological capital and its components (hope, self-efficacy, optimism and resilience). Due to the effectiveness of these two treatments, their use is recommended.

Various research have shown that positive psychotherapy has been effective on improving mental health indices among patients, but no research has investigated the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy on subjective wellbeing of obese women with type 2 diabetes.

The current research was conducted by the aim of investigating the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy on obese women with type 2 diabetes

The research was quasi-experimental with pre-test-post-test design-follow-up with the control group. The study population consisted of all obese women with type 2 diabetes, members of the Sanandaj Diabetes Association in 2019, which numbered 758 people. Forty patients were randomly selected as a sample and randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups (20 Person). The research tools were Rumi and et al.chr('39')s mental well-being questionnaire (2010) and positivist psychotherapy sessions (Rashid and Seligen, 2013). Data analysis was performed by variance analysis with repeated measurement and Bonfroni follow-up test.

Positive psychotherapy significantly increased the mental well-being of the subjects of the group undergoing intervention in the post-test and follow-up stages (p< 0/01). Also, therapeutic intervention was effective in increasing positive emotions and reducing negative emotions in patients (p< 0/01).

Women who participated in positive psychotherapy sessions increased their mental well-being.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of positive psychotherapy on optimism and alexithymia in retired women's teachers with anxiety. The study was applied based on the target. The method was semi-experimental with pre-test, post-test, and follow up design with experimental and control groups. Thirty retired women's teachers with anxiety were selected as the sample using the purposeful method. Fifteen subjects were randomly assigned to the experimental group and fifteen people in the control group. The instruments for collecting data were Questionnaires of Scheier & Carver Optimism, Toronto Alexithymia & Beck Anxiety Questionnaire. Positive psychology protocol for eight sessions every week in 90 minutes was accomplished in the experimental group, while the control group didn't receive any intervention. The covariance analysis was used for data analysis. The research results indicated positive psychotherapy had a positive effect on optimism and alexithymia. It led to increasing emotional recognition, reducing the difficulty of describing emotions, and increasing the objective thinking of anxious retired women's teachers. Positive psychotherapy had a decreased effect on alexithymia in the experimental group in the post-test and follow-up phases. Simultaneously, there was an increase in optimism in the experimental group in the post-test and follow-up stages. Moreover, the effects of the interventions remained stable until the follow-up in the experimental group

The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy and cognitive behavior therapy on psychological capital in adolescents with depression symptoms. The research was a quasi-experiment with a pre-test and post-test method and control group. The sample included 51 adolescents aged 15 to 17 years old with depressive symptoms. They were referred to counseling and psychology centers and psychiatric clinics in Sari during the first six months of 2017. They were selected by convenience sampling and randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups (17 people in each group). Children Depression Inventory (CDI), Conner – Davidson Resilience scale, Snyder Hope scale, Life Orientation Test-Revised, and General Self – Efficacy Scale, was used in pre and post-test. The positive psychotherapy experimental group received treatment during ten sessions, and the cognitive-behavioral therapy experimental group received during eight sessions. The multivariate covariance analysis results showed that positive psychotherapy and cognitive behavioral therapy significantly affected psychological capital. But the efficacy of positive psychotherapy in increasing the hope component was more than cognitive-behavioral therapy. Also, there was a significant difference between the two interventional groups and the control group on psychological capital. Positive psychotherapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy effectively increased psychological capital because of their emphasis on different psychological aspects. On the other hand, positive psychotherapy was probably more effective than cognitive-behavioral therapy through enhancing social interactions and positive emotions and hope training and optimism. Therefore, positive psychotherapy can be used in the clinical interventions by Specialists and especially school counselors to improve students' mental health.

the present research was conducted by the aim of investigation the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy on subjective wellbeing of women with systemic lupus erythematosus.

the present research was conducted by semi-experimental method in which a pretest-posttest with control group design was used. All the women with systemic lupus erythematosus who were members of association of protecting patients with systemic lupus erythematosus in Tehran in the first half of 2018 constituted the statistical population of the present study. The sample included 40 patients who were selected by purposeful sampling method and, then, were assigned into two groups of experiment and control (20 subjects per group) through random assignment method. The level of subjective wellbeing was assessed by Mowlavi and colleagues’ questionnaire of subjective wellbeing (2010) in pretest and posttest stages. Sessions of positive psychotherapy were held in eight 120-minute sessions for the experiment group’s subjects while the control group stayed in the waiting list. For analyzing the data, univariate analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used by SPSS24.

Results of the current research affirmed the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy in improving subjective wellbeing of the treatment group’s patients (F = 50.44, p < 0.01).

according to these results, it appears that positive psychotherapy is probably an appropriate interventional option for enhancing mental health among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.