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The aim of the current research was to determine the effect of positive psychology group therapy on resilience and death anxiety among people suffering from corona disease.

This research was applied in terms of purpose and in terms of methodology, it was a semi-experimental research with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the research included all patients admitted to Ghaem Hospital located in Mashhad in 2021. According to the statistical population, 30 people (15 people in each group) were selected and randomly assigned to two groups. To measure the variables, Templer's Death Anxiety Questionnaire (1970) and Ko Noor and Davidson's (2003) resilience were used. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS-23 software and univariate analysis of covariance (ANCOVA).

The results showed that group training based on positivity had an effect on resilience with F(1,37=31.799) and death anxiety with F(1,37=467) of people, these values (α≤0.01) It has been significant.

According to these results, it can be said that positive psychology treatment is effective in increasing resilience and reducing death anxiety, and this treatment can be used to increase resilience and reduce death anxiety in people infected with the corona virus.

The present study was conducted to developing a problem solving Training package based on positive psychology and investigating its effectiveness on the social competence of students with learned helplessness. The research method was qualitative, Theme analysis according to Attride-Stirling (2001), and the research method in the quantitative part was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group and a two-month follow-up period. The statistical population consisted of male and female students with learning helplessness who were studying in the first and second period of high school in the academic year of 2021-2022 in Tehran. The sample in this study included 70 students with learning helplessness who were selected by purposeful sampling and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (36 students in the experimental group and 34 students in the control group). The students in the experimental group received the problem solving training package based on positive psychology during 12 weeks in 12 sessions of 75 minutes. The applied questionnaires in this study included social competence Questionnaire (Felner, Lease, Philips, 1990) and learned helplessness Questionnaire (Quinless, Nelson, 1988). The data from the study were analyzed through mixed ANOVA via SPSS23 software. The results showed that the problem solving training package based on positive psychology has sufficient content validity according to experts. Also, this training package had an impact on the social competence (P<0001; Eta=0.62; F=111.10) of students with learned helplessness.

Diabetes is a chronic disease that requires long-term treatment, care, and lifestyle modification. In addition to biological mechanisms, psychological factors can play a role in diabetes. Positive psychological therapy and motivational interviewing seem to help. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of training based on positive psychology and motivational interview on psychological capital, lifestyle, and emotional distress in people with type 2 diabetes.

his quasi-experimental research project is a pretest-posttest with a control group. The statistical population included 45 type 2 diabetes patients in 2019 in Tehran, referring to the Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute who were randomly selected and divided into two experimental groups and one control group. Both under-treatment groups were evaluated before and after the treatment using Walker's lifestyle questionnaire (1997) and psychological Capital Lotanz (2007) questionnaire, Subjects were randomly divided into three groups of 15 people (two experimental groups and one control group). The first group received a positive psychology approach (Seligman, 2006), for 8 sessions of 60 minutes. The second group received a motivational interview therapy approach (Miller, 1983), for 10 sessions of 45 minutes. But the control group did not receive any treatment.

The results showed that there was a significant difference between the effectiveness of positive psychology training and motivational interviewing training on psychological capital and lifestyle (p<0/05). Also, motivational interview training is more effective in lifestyle subscales (nutrition, exercise, health responsibility, stress management, and self-actualization) in people with type 2 diabetes than in the positive psychology method. But in the interpersonal support subscale, there was no significant difference between the two training methods. In addition, the positive psychology training is significantly more effective than the motivational interview training on the subscales of psychological capital (self-efficacy, hope, resilience, and optimism) in people with type 2 diabetes (p<0/05).

The results showed both methods of positive psychology training and motivational interviewing training have a positive effect on the lifestyle and psychological capital of people with type 2 diabetes. So, it is suggested to be used in counseling centers and clinics for people with type 2 diabetes as a therapeutic approach.

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of positive psychology training on perceived social support and self-criticism in women heads of households.

The method of this research is semi-experimental. The statistical population of this research includes all female heads of households in District 6 of Mashhad city, whose number is equal to 250 people. The sample of the present study includes 30 women heads of households who were selected voluntarily and available and randomly replaced in two experimental and control groups. The training group was trained and after the completion of the sessions and 2 months after the training, both groups answered the questionnaires. To measure the variables, Zimet et al.'s perceived social support questionnaires (1988) and Thompson and Zurov's (2004) self-criticism level scale have been used.

The findings show that positive psychology training was effective on the perceived social support and self-criticism of female household heads (P<0.05).

From the findings of this research, it can be concluded that positive psychology training can reduce self-criticism and increase perceived social support in women, as a result, it can improve quality of life, life satisfaction, and mental and psychological well-being. increase in these people.

The aim of the current study was to determine the effectiveness of positive psychology intervention on happiness and positive thinking among chronically mentally ill people in Mehrana Boarding Center in Zahedan. The research method was applied in terms of objective and data collection method as semi-experimental type with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population includes all female chronically mentally ill patients of Mehrana boarding center in Zahedan city in 2020-2021, of which 30 subjects (15 subjects in the experimental group and 15 subjects in the group waiting for treatment) were selected according to the available sampling method. Instruments used in the study included the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (OHI) and the Positive Thinking Scale (PT). The positive psychology intervention was delivered in 8 sessions (1.5 hours) over 3 weeks for the experimental group. Descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (multivariate covariate analysis) were used to analyze the data. Data analysis was performed using SPSS-21 software. The results of the study showed that the intervention of positive psychology increased the feeling of happiness and positive thinking in chronically mentally ill patients in the experimental group compared to the control group with a significance level of 0.001. Therefore, paying attention to the importance of positive psychology intervention on happiness and positive thinking in chronically mentally ill is considered as one of the necessities of research and it is possible to use positive psychology intervention as a part of empowerment programs for chronically mentally ill and hold a course in this field is recommended.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of positive psychology training on perceived social and self-critical support in female-headed households.

The method of this study is quasi-experimental. There are 250 of them. The sample of the present study includes 30 female-headed households who were selected voluntarily and available and were randomly replaced in two experimental and control groups. The training group was trained and after the sessions and 2 months after training both groups. They answered the questionnaires. Perceived social support questionnaires of Zimet et al. (1988) and Thompson and Zoroff (2004) self-critical levels scale were used to measure the variables.

The results show that positive psychology training on perceived social support. And self-criticism of female-headed households was effective (P <0.05).

From the findings of this study, it can be concluded that positive psychology education can reduce self-criticism and increase perceived social support in women. The result can increase the quality of life, life satisfaction and mental and psychological well-being in these people.

The aim of this study was to compare the effect of adolescent-reasoned mindfulness and positive psychology interventions on bereavement symptoms and aggression in bereaved adolescent. This study was a quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with control group and follow-up period. The statistical population in bereaved adolescent referred to the counseling clinics department of education in Shiraz in 2017-2018. 24 individuals were selected using accessibility sampling and were randomly divided into two experimental groups, adolescent-reasoned mindfulness and, positive psychology interventions and one control group. The research instrument were Grief Questionnaire (Dyregrov,2001) and Aggression Questionnaire (Buss and Perry,1992). Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA. Results showed adolescent-reasoned mindfulness and positive psychology interventions is effective on bereavement symptoms and aggression in bereaved adolescent (p

The purpose of the present study is to develop a model of posttraumatic growth according to positive psychology in cancer survivors. The research purpose was applied and was a qualitative and meta-synthesis. The statistical population was both foreign and domestic research articles published about the title of the research between 2005 and 2021. Science Direct, Springer, Google Scholar, Taylor & Francis, Noormags, Magiran, SID, and Civilica databases were used to access these studies. By reviewing 10,000 articles, 10 related studies that met the criteria were selected. In synthesizing the research findings, 6 main components were finally identified: psychological capital, self-compassion, meaning in life, spirituality, gratitude, and love. To evaluate the validity of the data research, the four assessment criteria proposed by Lincoln and Guba were credibility, transferability, reliability and confirmability, as well as Cohen's kappa coefficient.These extracted concepts are introduced in positive psychology and especially in character strength. In fact, these concepts are a set of thoughts, actions, and strengths that cancer survivors have used with regard to posttraumatic growth. The results of this study may provide appropriate insights in the context of positive psychology for medical and mental health professionals dealing with cancer patients and may be effective in developing intervention packages according to the needs of this group.

Character strengths are one of the important issues in positive youth development. The purpose of this qualitative study was to investigate the special character strengths of Iranian adolescents. The statistical population of the study consisted of child and adolescent’s specialists and adolescents of Tehran city who were entered this study non-randomly and voluntarily. The specialist group (including psychologists, counselors, and teachers) was ten people. Adolescents consisted of two groups of nine-grade students (seven girls, six boys, M age:14/5 years old). Data were analyzed using the content analysis method (concept-driven). Specialists uttered positive traits such as “learning fast”, “loyalty”, and “keeping secrets” as Iranian adolescents’ specific character strengths. In the adolescents' group “purity”, “qeirat/gheirat”, and “chastity” were declared as special strengths of Iranian youths. Characteristics mentioned by specialists can’t be considered as character strengths because they don’t have the ten criteria of the character strength but characteristics mentioned by adolescents such as modesty/inhibition, zeal, and chastity have some of these criteria and the addition of these traits to the 24 character strengths could be offered. These findings were discussed in the context of Iranian culture.

Psychological problems, particularly depression and mental well-being, are important issues in the psychology of people with particular problems, especially people with disabilities. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of positivism training based on positive psychology on depression and mental well-being in people with physical-motor disability. This study had a semi-experimental method, including pre- test and post- test, with the control group. The study population consisted of all persons with physical-motor disability in Shiraz. Sixty patients were selected based on the Beck Depression Inventory and Clinical Interview and randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group received eight sessions with 90 minutes of the positivism training based on positive psychology, and the control group did not receive any intervention. Both groups completed the Depression Inventory and Diner’s subjective ‎well-being at pre-test and post-test. Data were analyzed using covariance analysis. The results showed that positivism training significantly ‎decreased depression and negative affect and increased subjective well-being in people with disabilities. This study's findings can provide a practical plan to be used by counselors and psychologists to improve the mental health of people with special disabilities, especially those with physical-motor disabilities

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of positive education on meaning in life and savoring among high school students. The research design was a quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest control group. The statistical population was all Shiraz secondary school students in academic year 1395-96. The participants were 240 students (120 boys and 120 girls) in tenth and eleventh grades, which were selected using multi-stage random cluster sampling method and randomly assigned into experimental and control groups. They completed the meaning in life questionnaire (Steger et al, 2006), and savoring scale (Bryant & Veroff, 2007) in their regular classes. The experimental group received the positive education training based on positive psychotherapy program (Rashid & Seligman, 2011) for fourteen sessions and two sessions per week. The findings using multivariate analysis of covariance and univariate analysis of covariance showed that experimental group had a statistically significant progress in sense of meaning and savoring in comparison with control group. According to this research findings, it can be concluded that the positive education training in schools can promote students’ psychological strengths to attain academic success.

This study was carried out to determine the effects of positive psychology intervention on self-efficacy and psychological hardiness of female students. The statistical population of the study comprised all female students attending public high schools in District 4 of Tehran in school year 2017-18. The drawn sample was selected through multi-stage cluster sampling method and the subjects were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (15 in each group). Positive psychology training was provided to the experimental group during eight 120-minute sessions and the control group received no intervention.Self-efficacy and psychological hardiness of the participants were assessed by General Self-Efficacy Scale (Sherer et al., 1982) and Psychological Hardiness Scale (Kobasa & Kahn, 1982) before and after the intervention. The obtained data were analyzed through analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). The results indicated that positive psychology intervention improved the self-efficacy and psychological hardiness (commitment, control, and challenge) of the intervention group compared with the control group. In general, it can be stated that positive psychology interventions can improve self-efficacy and develop psychological hardiness. Consequently, positive psychology training can be used to reduce students’ psychological problems.

The purpose of this study was to investigate how Iranian experts and adolescents define the 24 character strengths. With this aim in mind, through on purpose method of sampling, semi-structured interviews about definitions of the 24 character strengths were conducted with ten specialists (including psychologists, counselors, and teachers). Furthermore, the opinions of two gender-segregated groups of nine grade students about character strengths’ definitions were discussed in focus groups for girls (N= 7) and for boys (N= 6). Students were selected based on their availability at the time of research and their willingness to take part in discussion groups. Data were analyzed using content analysis and directive approach. Results showed that there was conformity with Peterson and Seligman’s (2004) definitions and Iranian experts-adolescents’ definitions in twelve character strengths and also there were some differences in definitions of other character strengths (e.g., bravery, zest, and honesty). These similarities and differences were discussed. Based on the findings of this research, it can be claimed that there is almost compliance between definitions of the 24 character strengths in Iranian society and the definitions of the character strengths and virtues classification and this classification can be used in research related to this topic.

The purpose of the present study was to analyze the personality of Gordafarid, the first Iranian epic lady by the Martin Siligman positive psychology approach. The population was Shahnameh women and Gordafarid was taken as sample. A descriptive-analytic research project was compiled. In the descriptive field the data collected via library study method; then, in the field of psychology, Gordafarid's character analysis was conducted according to Martin Seligman's point of view. Based on this, several categories of positive psychological characteristics that were discussed in personality; including reason, courage, excellence and self-esteem were studied. The findings suggested that positive scientific psychology subsumed suitable solutions for the good life of humanity. In this approach, attention was drawn to the strengths and potentials of man, such as courage, prosperity, wisdom and knowledge. And that human can act with the help of will and under the influence of many of the virtues mentioned in positive psychology in order to confront the problems, as well as Gordafarid, as a symbol of the first Iranian epic woman, unlike European eagerness had behaved wiser than the great rulers of the war.

The Purpose of present study was to examine the effectiveness of positive psychology based training on resiliency and anger control on high school students in Yazd city. In this research we used experimental design with pretest-posttest and control group. Statistical community contained students who were studying in first class of high school in Yazd in 1391-1392. Multi-stage cluster random sampling was used and 24 students with low resiliency and high anger score were chosen and placed in control and experimental groups randomly and equally. Experimental group were taught based on positive psychology during 12 sessions. We used Connor and Davidson resilience and trait –state questionnaire. Covariance analysis used for data analysis. Results showed that positive psychology training was effective on resilience and anger control and its some subscales. Positive psychology training with reinforcement of positive emotions and perception of abilities can increase resiliency. Also, this training with using of subjective experience and forgiveness helps for anger control and replacement of anger with positive emotions.

The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between resilience and religious beliefs، and whethere or not it would be possibile to predict psychological resilience based on religious beliefs in urban and rural university students. A sample of 197 urban and rural university students (150 female and 47 male) who were selected via accessible random sampling in Payam-e-Nour University of Baft city in Kerman province completed Resilience Scale for Adults (RSA، Jowkar et al، 2010) and Scale of Belief Development (SBD، Maenavipour & Sharifi، 2003). Data were analyzed using correlation and stepwise multiple regression analyses. Findings showed that among five dimensions of religiosity، two dimensions including religious belief and religious knowledge، could positively predict psychological resilience. The pattern of relationships between variables was different in urban and rural students، so that the religious belief dimension in urban students and the religious knowledge dimension in rural students could positively predict psychological resilience. Findings of the present study confirmed the hypothesis that some dimensions of religious beliefs have a significant effect on psychological resilience in university students Considering the dominance of religious culture in the Iranian society، practical importance of these findings is reiterated. Findings are discussed in light of previous literature concerning the possible supportive role played by religion. Suggestions for further research and practical implications of the findings are also discussed.

This study was an attempt to investigate the theoretical bases of the one of the important theories in the domain of positive psychology that is, flow experience, and it also investigated the factor structure of flow state scale in physical education students of Tehran universities. This scale contained 9 factors, and 4 questions were considered for each factor. 198 physical education students were selected out of 6 universities located in Tehran as the samples of the study. Construct validity and reliability of the flow state scale were tested through factor analysis and Cronbach’s alpha; Congruent validity of the flow state scale was tested through correlation coefficient with the peak-experience questionnaire(10 items).The results indicated that 9 factor model confirmed the flow state. Finally, it should be recommended that for the subsequent research some problematic questions, research method and the samples should be reviewed