ویژگی های روانسنجی

The purpose of this research was to making and normalizing the corona anxiety questionnaire in nurses and its relationship with demographic characteristics and mental health. The research method was a correlational survey. The statistical population included all nurses working in the corona department in the government hospitals of Tehran in the year 1400. A sample of 310 Nurses were selected from among them by cluster random sampling method. The tools used were researcher-made Corona Anxiety Questionnaire and Goldberg (1989) Standard Mental Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28). The validity of the questionnaires was calculated using factor analysis and its reliability with Cronbach's alpha for the Corona Anxiety Questionnaire (0.78) and the Mental Health Questionnaire (0.92). Exploratory factor analysis, descriptive tests and Pearson correlation were used for data analysis. The results showed that 23 items of corona anxiety can be divided into four factors: physical pressure; mental pressure; He categorized practical obsessions and required facilities. Also, the results of the descriptive statistics showed that the highest average in the questionnaire of corona anxiety in nurses is related to mental stress with an average of (M=15.57); Therefore, there is a positive and significant relationship between the anxiety of Corona and the level of mental health of nurses (P≤0.05).

The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the psychometric properties of the Social Exposure to Nonsuicidal Self-Injury Scale in students. The present research method was descriptive and of the type of psychometric studies. The statistical population of the present study was formed by all the students of the second secondary school in Ardabil city in the academic year of 2023-2024. From this population, a sample size of 200 people was selected by cluster random sampling method and to questionnaires on Social Exposure to Nonsuicidal Self-Injury, Zelkowitz and Cole (2017), Neff et al.'s (2003) self-compassion questionnaire and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury expectancies Questionnaire Hosking and Boyes (2017) responded. Internal consistency coefficient, concurrent validity, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were used for data analysis. Data were analyzed using SPSS26 and Amos24 software. The results of the internal consistency coefficient showed that this scale has good reliability (α=0.83). The results of the correlation coefficient showed that the positive correlation between two variables in the Social Exposure to Nonsuicidal Self-Injury with Non-Suicidal Self-Injury expectancies (r=0.27, P<0.001) indicates appropriate convergent validity and the negative correlation coefficient between the two variables in the Social Exposure to Nonsuicidal Self-Injury with Self-Compassion (r=-0.25, P<0.001) indicates adequate divergent validity. The fit indices of the confirmatory factor analysis model also confirmed the final model of this scale. The results of this research showed that the Persian version of the Social Exposure to Nonsuicidal Self-Injury Scale intent has good reliability and validity in the Iranian population and is a suitable self-assessment scale for clinical and research situations.

The present study was conducted investigating the psychometric properties of the Behavioral Rating Inventory of Executive Functions - Second Edition (BRIEF-2) in students with externalizing behavior problems. The method was based on correlation research. The statistical population consisted of all male students with behavioral problems between the ages 7 and 12 in East Azarbayejan province who were studying in the academic year 2021-2022. To select the sample, first, students with externalizing behavior problems were identified. Then their parents completed the parent form of Behavioral Rating Inventory of Executive Functions - Second Edition (BRIEF-2) and Coolidge's Neuropsychological Questionnaire (2002). The data was analyzed with 599 people. Cronbach's alpha coefficient, confirmatory factor analysis, and criterion validity were used to analyze the data. The results showed that the behavioral rating inventory of executive functions - second edition (BRIEF-2) has good reliability and validity. Therefore, this scale can be used to evaluate executive functions in students with externalizing behavior problems.

Job enthusiasm refers to the amount of use of physical, mental and mental strength of people in doing tasks related to their role. Low work enthusiasm among employees causes organizational commitment and low job satisfaction, errors, accidents and injuries in performing job duties. Therefore, according to the little research evidence in the field of the research topic, identifying and measuring the job enthusiasm of employees is essential and necessary to prevent organizational and psychological problems.

This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the psychometric properties of Shaufeli's job enthusiasm scale among teachers in Damghan city.

In terms of the fundamental-applied goal, and in terms of the type of information gathering, the present research is a questionnaire survey, and in terms of methodology, it is considered one of the test-making studies, which was conducted in the form of a correlational research project. The statistical population of the present study included all teachers (N = 1267) and secondary school students(N=2621) of Damghan city in the academic year of 2001-2001. Among the statistical population, 460 teachers (310 women, 150 men) and 460 students (255 girls, 205 boys) were selected by multi-stage random cluster sampling. The teachers responded to the Schaufeli job enthusiasm scale (2013) and the students responded to the academic motivation scale of vallerand et al. (1992). The analysis of research data was done through confirmatory factor analysis and with SPSS24 and AMOS26 software.

The results confirmatory factor analysis showed that the three-factor structure of the scale has an acceptable fit with the data and all the fit indices confirmed the fit of the model. Also, in order to estimate the convergent validity, the Pearson correlation results showed that there were positive and significant relationships between the components of the job enthusiasm scale and the components of the academic motivation scale of Vallerand et al. (1992) (P<0.05). Also, the validity of the components of this scale was suitable using Cronbach's alpha method.

Overall, the results of the present study provided evidence for the validity and reliability of the job enthusiasm questionnaire as a tool for measuring job enthusiasm with the components of strength, commitment and attraction in order to promote and improve teachers' job performance. Therefore, it can be used by teachers, researchers, therapists and counselors as a valid and valid tool

The aim of this study was to determine the psychometric properties of the Iranian version of the Internet Attitude Towards Questionnaire in students. The statistical population of the present study consisted of all students of Roodehen Azad University in the academic year of 2009-2010, which is 6500 people. Of these, 300 people were selected as the sample using the available sampling method. Data were collected through questionnaires, Dinef Internet Attitudes Standard and Kovafteros (2002). Internet Attitude Questionnaire 35 questions that are evaluated based on a 5-point Likert scale. Findings from heuristic factor analysis with principal component analysis with rotation matrix led to 4 factors that explain 61% of the total variance of the variables and the value of the 41-item test coefficient through Cronbach's alpha formula from 0.55 to Was estimated to be 0.89.The research method was descriptive-exploratory. The statistical population consisted of all students of Roodehen Azad University in the academic year of 2009-2010, which numbered 6500 people. To determine the sample size, according to the definition (Fidel 2007) for each question, the sample size should be 5 to 10 times, and considering that the Internet Attitude Questionnaire is 35 items, so the number of sample size based on the number of questionnaire questions is at least 200 He was a student. Due to the possibility of falling, 300 people were selected using the available sampling method.

Psychologists have proposed two styles for thinking and processing information. Experiential system, which is automatic and non-verbal; And the Rational system, which is analytical and verbal. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Rational- Experiential Inventory; and to find it's relationship with cognitive regulation of emotions. This cross-sectional study was performed by descriptive contextualization method. The statistical population consisted of all students of Islamic Azad and Sama Universities, Roodehen Branch, and 503 individuals were selected randomly via multi- period method and completed the Rational-Experiential Inventory (REI) and Cognitive Regulation of Emotions Questionnaire (Garnefski & Kraaij, 2006). Data were analyzed by exploratory factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha, and correlation coefficient. After analysis, four components were identified: Rational Ability, Rational Engagement, Experiential Ability, Experiential Engagement. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.682, 0.823, 0.695, 0.750, and the correlation coefficient in the retest was 0.79, 0.78, 0.73, and 0.76, respectively. In the validity of criterion, rational components had negative correlation with negative strategies of regulation of emotions, and the experiential components had positive correlation with these strategies. The rational- experiential inventory showed proper reliability and convergent validity, In general, Rational people used positive emotion regulation strategies more and negative strategies less. The Rational- Experiential Inventory had adequate reliability and convergent validity. It can be used to improve the teaching, and psychotherapy.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the two-factor questionnaire of executive dysfunction among adolescents. The method of the research was descriptive and psychometric research. The statistical population of the research consisted of all the male students aged 12 to 18 years of East Azerbaijan province in the academic year of 1401-1401 in Iran. From this population, 1000 students were selected by multi-stage random sampling method, and their parents completed the two-factor questionnaire of adolescent executive dysfunction (TEXI) and also the behavior rating inventory of executive function, second edition. Finally, the questionnaire of 602 parents was analyzed. In order to check the reliability, the method of internal consistency, Cronbach's alpha, and the correlation coefficient between the questions and the total score were used, and to measure the validity, confirmatory factor analysis and criterion validity were used. The results of the research showed that the two-factor questionnaire of executive dysfunction has good reliability and validity. Also, the criterion validity of the questionnaire was confirmed (p<0.05). Therefore, it can be concluded that the present questionnaire is a suitable tool for evaluating executive dysfunction among adolescents.

The aim of this study was to investigate the validity and reliability of the Family Executive Performance Scale among married people over 18 years of age in Isfahan. The study consisted of all married men and women over 18 years of age in Isfahan. The statistical sample consisted of 400 men and women who were selected by convenience sampling. Data were analyzed in two parts: descriptive (mean and standard deviation) and inferential (Pearson correlation, Cronbach's alpha and exploratory factor analysis).

The results showed internal consistency (0.75). = α), retest reliability (r = 0.450 and P <0.01) and coordination of questions were appropriate. Negative (r = 0.576 and P <0.01) showed a positive and significant relationship with the spouse and the results showed a convergent validity between the total score of this scale with the scale. Positive emotional experience towards spouse (r = -0.276 and P <0.01) and family performance (r = -0.711 and P <0.01) There is a significant negative relationship between executive performance and family executive performance. There was a negative and significant relationship (r = -0.671 and P <0.01) which confirms the simultaneous validity. The results of exploratory factor analysis showed that this scale consists of eight factors. Also, the correlation of each factor with the total score is significant.

According to these findings, it can be said that the Executive Performance Scale has desirable psychometric properties and can be used in the field of education, research and counseling.

The purpose of this study was to translate and report the psychometric indices of a Persian version of the original MUT that consists of 99-items, 24 subscales. This study has investigated the role of motivations in predicting well-being.

Research method was correlational and the statistical population included all Iranian female and male above 18 years old in the 2020 year. 595 adult Iranians completed an online version of the MUT, a demographic form, adaptive basic Glasser needs inventory and WHO-5 questionnaire through available sampling method.

The Face and content validity of the MUT was investigated based on the opinions of experts in basic needs and motivations science. Cronbach’s Alphas for the main 4 scales were affiliation α=.79; power α=.71; achievement α=.67; and freedom α= 0.83. The MUT factor construct validity was confirmed by a series of confirmatory factor analyses (CFA): 56= df /x2؛ RMSEA=.05؛ IFI=.91؛ CFI=.91؛ GFI=0.7 indices confirmed the fitness of the data for CFA. Convergent Validity was calculated with the Glasser Needs Questionnaire.

To conclude, (a) the MUT has justifiability of the study were confirmed. MUT has good psychometric properties and can be used for research and clinical interventions with Iranian people. Based on the findings, achievement and freedom motives were the most important predictor of well-being.

The aim of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Colorado test (CLDQ). Due to the nature of their field of study, vocational school students must have perseverance, focus on purpose, perceptiveness and deep problem-solving power in order to achieve the goals of vocational schools curricula. The research method was exploratory factor analysis. The statistical population included 367 students of Shahid Chamran and Ayatollah Rafsanjani male' vocational schools in the academic year of 97-98 in the city of Roodehen. After screening, 120 people were selected by convenience sampling. The validity of the Colorado questionnaire with Cronbach's alpha coefficient is 0.90 and using the retest method is 0.94, which indicates high internal consistency and reliability. Three factors were identified, which included all five factors of reading, social cognition, social anxiety, and spatial and mathematical problems. According to the obtained results, this scale has high validity and reliability and can be used as a useful self-assessment tool for learning disorders.

In today's society, between one-second and one-third of adolescents have problems with self-esteem, especially in their early teens. Since self-esteem affects academic achievement from elementary school to the end of the academic year, there is considerable evidence that there is a relationship between low self-esteem and depression, academic decline, and even disruptive school membership. They found that high self-esteem with academic achievement and job success on the one hand and the relationship between low self-esteem with academic failure, depression, anxiety, violence, and drug abuse on the other hand confirmed that having an Iranian-standard questionnaire was necessary. In this study, psychometric properties (reliability and validity) of Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale Questionnaire were investigated. A sample group of three districts of education 2, 4 and 21 with a sample size of 300 were selected through multi-stage cluster sampling from boys' high schools in Tehran. Students responded to the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale Questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of 10 questions that assessed the overall factor of feeling valued. Sampling adequacy index was 0.83 and determinant = 0.001, respectively. Our results showed that the Rosenberg self-esteem questionnaire included two factors of positive self-esteem and negative self-esteem. 47% of self-esteem is explained by these two factors.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of Emotional Reactivity Scale in Iranian students.

This study was a survey study conducted on 625 undergraduate students of Arak University. The classical theory of test analysis and item-response theory were used to analyze the data. In the classical approach, the validity of the instrument was investigated using three methods of face validity, convergence- discriminate and construct validity. Reliability of this scale was also calculated by internal consistency and quasi-test and test-retest method.

The relationship between emotion reactivity scores and high-risk behaviors (r = 0.16) and negative mood (r = 0.47) was positive and significant and between emotion reactivity and Resilience (r = -0.30) was negative and significant, indicating convergent and discriminate validity of the scale, respectively. The results of confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis indicated the appropriate factor structure of this scale. In the item -response theory, statistics also confirmed the fit of the model.

The Persian version of the emotion reactivity scale appears to be valid and reliable for use in future studies specially for predicting mental disorders and also as a variable which can be related to difficulties in emotion regulation in Iran.Keywords: emotion reactivity scale, psychometric properties, university students

The purpose of this study is to examine the factor structure and the validity of Metacognitions about Desire Thinking Questionnaire (MDTQ) thorough the Persian translated version, which envolves 18 adopted with Iranian cultural context.Introductoin: The purpose of this study is to examine the factor structure and the validity of the Metacognitions about Desire Thinking Questionnaire (MDTQ) through the Persian translated version, which involves 18 adopted with Iranian cultural context.

The present study was descriptive-applied and psychometric. After translation and confirmation of the content validity by experts, a population of 510 students of universities was selected through the academic year of 2020 in Mashhad deploying multi-stage cluster random sampling to conduct the tests. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to evaluate the construct validity. The metacognitive beliefs questionnaire (MCQ) was also used to evaluate the validity of the criterion of simultaneous type.

The exploratory factor analysis identified three factors that were all consistent with the results of previously conducted studies, and these three factors together explained 51.43% of the total variance. The results obtained from the confirmatory factor analysis supported the proposed model. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of the Metacognitions about Desire Thinking Questionnaire (MDTQ) and its factors was obtained from 0.78 to 0.83. In the split-half method, Spearman-Brown and Guttman correlation coefficients were 0.90 and 0.89, respectively. Through the criterion validity examination of the Metacognitions about Desire Thinking Questionnaire (MDTQ), the Persian version showed a positive and significant relationship with the Metacognition Questionnaire (MCQ).Discussion and

Finally, it was concluded that the Persian version of MDTQ can be considered as acceptable psychometric properties to measure metacognitions about the desire thinking in Iranian samples.

The exploratory factor analysis identified three factors that were all consistent with the results of previously conducted studies, and these three factors together explained 51.43% of the total variance. The results obtained from the confirmatory factor analysis supported the proposed model. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of Metacognitions about Desire Thinking Questionnaire (MDTQ) and its factors was obtained from 0.78 to 0.83. In the split-half method, Spearman-Brown and Guttman correlation coefficients were 0.90 and 0.89, respectively. Through the criterion validity examination of Metacognitions about Desire Thinking Questionnaire (MDTQ), the Persian version showed a positive and significant relationship with Metacognitive beliefs Questionnaire (MCQ).

Finally, it was concluded that the Persian version of MDTQ can be considered as acceptable psychometric properties to measure metacognitions about desire thinking in Iranian samples.

People go beyond the meta personal self-construal dimensions to find the meaning of life and self-definition, the sense of identity in these people goes beyond self-focus and includes a sense of connection with all beings. In order to study the cognitive, motivational, emotional, and behavioral effects of this dimension of self-interpretation, it is necessary to have a tool that has acceptable validity and credibility. The aim of the present study is to validate and validate the Persian version of the meta-personal scale (MPS) and to examine its psychometric properties.

The sample of the present study included 200 students studying in the academic year 2020-2021 at the University of Tehran and Shahid Beheshti and was selected using the available sampling method. The Persian version of the Metapersonal self-scale (MPS) was prepared after the translation process and was administered along with the interpersonal reactivity index questionnaires and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale. In this study, to evaluate the validity of the scale, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, concurrent validity, and divergent validity were used. Correlations between the meta personal scale scores and Interpersonal Reactivity Index and DASS-21 scale were used to assess concurrent and divergent validity respectively. The reliability of the Persian version of the Metapersonal scale was assessed via Cronbach’s alphas and ordinal theta.

The results of confirmatory factor analysis confirm the one-factor structure in the Iranian sample and indicate the good fit and desirability of the one-factor model (χ2⁄df= 2.607, GFI= 0.917, RMSEA= 0.069, SRMR= 0.053). Significant correlations between the transpersonal self-scale with the interpersonal reactivity index scales and the depression, anxiety, and stress scales also confirm the convergent and divergent validity of the transpersonal self-scale (p <0.05). The validity of the scale was obtained by calculating the Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the whole scale 0.86 and the sequential theta of the whole scale equal to 0.84.Discussion and

In general, the results of this study indicated that the Persian version of the meta personal scale is unidimensional, which has appropriate reliability and validity for application in psychological studies conducted for Iranian samples.

The aim of current research has been the Investigation Factor Structure and Psychometric Properties of Short Version of  Thought–Shape Fusion (TSF) Scale in College Students. In this correlation study, 204 female students of the Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz were selected by cluster sampling method and completed the Short Version of Thought–Shape Fusion Scale(TSF) (Coelho et al, 2013), Body Shape Questionnaire C8 (BSQ-8C) (Welch et al, 2012) and Body Image Concern Inventory (BICI)  (Littleton et al, 2005). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to determine the validity. To determine the reliability, three methods of Cronbach's alpha, Guttman coefficient, and Spearman-Brown spilling were used. The results showed that this scale has a four-factor structure that explains 62.77% of the variance. Confirmatory validity was confirmed (RMSEA=0.07). Convergent validity with Body Shape Questionnaire C8 0.68 and body image concern Inventory 0.40 and also reliability by method and also reliability by Cronbach Alpha=0/91, Spearman-Brown splitting Alpha=0/94 and Guttmanspiliting Alpha = 0/94 were calculated The findings of the present study show that the Persian version of the short form of thought-shape fusion for study in the student population has acceptable psychometric properties and can be used as a valid tool for psychological research and clinical studies.

Given the role of self-efficacy in peoplechr('39')s mental health and the limited tools for measuring it in Iran, access to a valid test to measure this structure is very important.

The aim of this study was to determine the validity and reliability of the Parenting Self-Efficacy Questionnaire in Rasht city.

This research was a descriptive developmental study. The statistical sample of the study included 1008 parents of 13 to 15 year old students (658 mothers and 350 fathers) in Rasht city in the academic year 2021-2022 who were selected by cluster sampling. To evaluate the convergent validity, the correlation between Kendall and Bloomfield (2005) Parenting Self-Efficacy Questionnaire and Domka et al (1996) Parentaing Self- Efficacy Questionnaire was calculated at a significance level of 0.05.

The content of the items of the parenting self-efficacy questionnaire showed that this tool has eight factors of emotion /affection, play / pleasure, empathy / understanding, control, order / boundaries, pressure, self-acceptance, learning / knowledge with desirable fit indicators. Also, Results from Cronbachchr('39')s alpha analysis showed the reliability of the whole parenting self-efficacy questionnaire were 0.94 and, 0.61, 0.89, 0.86, 0.71, 0.90, 0.32, 0.57, 0.80 for the subscales of emotion / affection, play / pleasure, empathy / understanding, control, order / boundaries, pressure, self-acceptance, learning / knowledge, respectively.

The findings of this study showed that based on the obtained factors, the parenting self-efficacy questionnaire is a suitable, reliable, and valid tool for assessing parental self-efficacy in Iran.

In the present Research, the psychometric properties of the third version of the system of assessment of children's behavior in students with learning disabilities were discussed. The main question was thus elaborated on whether the third version of the system for measuring children's behavior in students with learning disabilities characterized by Is it desirable to have a psychometric measurement? The present research is in the field of psychometric planning. The present Research population is comprised of all students with learning disabilities who have referred to Tehran's learning disability centers. Therefore, 120 samples were selected as sample through a targeted sampling method. The third version of the child's behavior assessment system, which has a valid and reliable validity in the original version, was selected. Finally, the results of the research showed that the third version of the child's behavior assessment system using two alpha-Cronbach methods and Spilit-halph with Spearman-Brown correction was used to examine the validity coefficients of the coefficients of 0.84 and 0.83 Which indicates that the internal consistency is desirable; also, the coefficient of stability in the present Research is 0.83 which indicates the repeatability of the Instrument. Finally, in order to verify the validity of the construct, confirmatory factor analysis was used and it was determined that the share of factor loading is the third version of the child behavior assessment system 67/03 and, given that it is more than 40%, it is stated that The third version of the children's behavior assessment system for emotional and behavioral screening is appropriate for students with learning disabilities and the questions of the Instrument can be used to screen the emotional and behavioral patterns of students with learning disabilities. Also, in accordance with the concurrent criterion, the correlation between the emotional and behavioral screening system with the Rutter behavioral disorder questionnaire was used and the correlation coefficient was 0.60 which indicates that the criterion validity is of the same type.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Covid-19 traumatic stress scale Which examines the effects of the corona virus on various aspects of Iranian life.

The present study was a descriptive correlational study. The statistical population included all adults in Tehran in the age range of 17 to 72 years. 461 people participated in the study through an online call. To analyze the data, Classical Test Theory and Item Response Theory were used and statistical software Spss version 26 and R software version 4.0.1 were used.

The results of the instrument validity study using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis (classical theory) and multidimensional models (Item Response Theory) confirmed three factors related to the Covid-19 traumatic stress Scale. convergent and divergent validity of the instrument was also confirmed. The validity of the scale was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha method (alpha values above 0.70 for all three factors and the total score) and the retest method (high intra-class correlation between the two measurement steps) in the classical approach of the test. Based Item Response Theory, the validity of the data was assessed using the Information function and measurement error. The Information function showed that all three factors in the trait level range between 2- to 2 had the highest awareness and the least measurement error (p <0.05).

The Covid-19 traumatic stress scale has good validity and reliability in Iranian society and can be used as a valid scientific tool to assess the effects of the Corona virus on various aspects of Iranian life.