اجتناب تجربه ای

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of self-compassion training on suicidal thoughts and experiential avoidance of parents with children with physical disabilities.The research was quasi-experimental with a pretest/posttest design and a control group.The statistical population of the study included all parents with children with physical and motor disabilities covered by the welfare of Kermanshah in 2023. Among them, 20 people (16 women and 4 men) were selected using convenience sampling and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (10 people in each group). The tools used included suicide ideation scale (BSSI) and acceptance and action questionnaire (AAQ-II). The experimental group underwent eight 90-minute sessions of self-compassion training based on Gilbert's protocol, and the control group did not receive any program. Data analysis was done by SPSS-24 software using univariate analysis of covariance.The results showed that self-compassion training has an effect on reducing suicidal thoughts and experiential avoidance of parents with children with physical disabilities (P<0.001). Therefore, self-compassion can be used to prevent suicide and also to increase the acceptance of feelings and emotions of parents with children with physical disabilities.

Challenges caused by continuous care, maintenance and support of a child with autism spectrum disorder affect the social relationships of these mothers and these mothers feel inferior and powerless, self-blame because of their child's inappropriate behavior and the society misunderstands these children. They have resistance to negative experiences. Therefore, this research was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of mindfulness self-compassion training on feelings of loneliness, internalized shame, experiential avoidance and cognitive fusion in mothers with children with autism spectrum disorder.

This research was a semi-experimental method with pre-test and post-test with experimental and control groups. The statistical population of the present study included mothers with children with autism spectrum disorder who attended one of the psychological clinics in Yazd. Thirty qualified people were selected by purposeful sampling based on the entry and exit criteria and were randomly replaced in the control group (15 people) and the experimental group (15 people). The experimental group received ten mindfulness selfcompassion sessions as a group, and the control group did not receive any intervention. The research tools included Russell, Curtona & Peplau (1993) loneliness scale, Cook's internalized shame (1993), experiential avoidance and Greco, Lambert & Baer (2008) cognitive fusion scale. The research data was analyzed through multivariate and univariate analysis of covariance with spss 24 software.

The results of the research data showed that conscious self-compassion is effective in improving the feeling of loneliness, internalized shame and its components such as self-esteem and shyness, experiential avoidance and cognitive fusion. (p<0.001).

Based on the findings, it can be said that conscious self-compassion is an efficient method in improving the feeling of loneliness, internalized shame, experiential avoidance and cognitive fusion in mothers with children with autism spectrum disorder. Therefore, this method can be considered as one of the useful and practical treatments for these mothers.

Although the Covid-19 virus has been associated with a number of psychological problems, such as Covid-19 anxiety, components such as avoiding experience and seeking help from the psychological profession can contribute to this level of anxiety. The aim of this study was to The role of experience avoidance and attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help in predicting covid‐19 anxiety.

In terms of the purpose of this research was applied and in terms of data collection method was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of the study consisted of all adults in Ardakan and Meybod in the period from 26 September to 6 November, 2020.383 people participated in a virtual survey and responded to the following tools. The research instruments included Alipour et al.'s (2020) corona disease anxiety scale, Fisher and Farina's (1995) attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help questionnaire, and Bond's(2007) acceptance and action questionnaire. Finally, after removing missing, 381 questionnaires were statistically analyzed by Pearson correlation method and multiple regression analysis using SPSS24 software.

The results showed that there was a significant positive relationship between experiential avoidance and Covid-19 anxiety (R=0/386, p < 0.001) and also a significant negative relationship between attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help and Covid-19 anxiety (R=-0/220, p < 0.001). The results of regression analysis also showed that 21% of the variance of Covid-19 anxiety was explained by predictor variables (R2=0.212, p < 0.001). Experimental avoidance also played a greater role in predicting Covid-19 anxiety (p < 0.001).

Experiential Avoidance and Attitude to Professional Psychological Assistance Affect Covid-19 Anxiety Rate.