اخلاق حرفه ای

One of the most critical variables for the success of any organization is adherence to ethics. Professional ethics comprise a set of standard principles in human behavior that govern the actions of individuals and groups. The aim of the present study is to propose a model of professional ethics within the Social Security Organization. This research is classified as applied in terms of its objective, and survey-based in terms of strategy. The statistical population of the study includes managers of the Social Security Organization during the years 2023–2024. A cluster sampling method will be used to select participants from among the managers of the Social Security Organization. In this study, determining the minimum required sample size before collecting data related to structural equation modeling is highly important. According to Boomsma, the minimum sample size should be 200 cases, and based on Stevens' view—due to the similarity of structural equation modeling to multiple regression—fifteen cases can be considered for each predictor variable. This study is conducted in a survey format using a questionnaire as the data collection tool. Appropriate statistical methods, including structural equation modeling, will be employed for data analysis. The results indicated that the current research can serve as a practical guide for the managers of the Social Security Organization in designing and implementing a professional ethics model, thereby contributing to the improvement of organizational performance. By identifying the factors influencing professional ethics, suitable educational and developmental programs can be designed for employees and managers.

The present study has studied the ability to predict professional ethics and career development based on media literacy of elementary school teachers in Pakdasht city in the academic year 2023- 2024. This study is classified as a descriptive survey and correlational study based on its purpose and application and based on the data collection method. The statistical population of the study consisted of elementary school teachers in Pakdasht city, whose number was 584 people based on information obtained from the administrative and personnel affairs unit of the region. The sample size required for the study was calculated as 232 people using the Cochran formula. In this study, two library methods (record-taking) and field (questionnaire) were used to collect the required data, and the Cadoisier Professional Ethics Standard Questionnaire (2002), the Ayubi Professional Development Questionnaire (2014), and the Philosophical Media Literacy Standard Questionnaire (2014) were used as data collection tools. The final results of the research showed that the training, competency development, information exchange, and empowerment of elementary school teachers can be predicted based on their media literacy, and at the end of the research, suggestions were presented based on the findings obtained from the results.

Ethics and ethical charters have a direct impact on the quality of architecture. The aim of this research is to conduct a comparative study of selected professional ethical charters in architecture in Iran and the West to improve and enhance the ethical charters of architecture in Iran. This research is of a comparative nature, and to achieve the research objective, the principles of professional ethics have been extracted based on theoretical foundations and background. Subsequently, a deductive approach was used to analyze the content of ethical charters in five architectural ethics charters from the West and two architectural ethics charters from Iran. The comparison of two ethical charters in Iran with the five studied ethical charters indicates that, in terms of the frequency of ethical components, the ethical charter for building engineering has more similarities with the ethical charter of the Society of Consulting Engineers than with the Western charters. The content of many ethical components in these charters is identical and synonymous, and in some cases, based on the context and existing unethical issues in architecture and construction in the country, they possess some unique ethical principles. The findings of the research indicate that ethical charters are largely formulated to serve the interests of the profession. The revision of architectural ethical charters should not only focus on serving the interests of the architecture profession and architects but also pay special attention to human values and dignity.

This study aimed to examine the role of professional ethics and communication skills in predicting organizational social capital. This research employed a descriptive-correlational design. The statistical population included employees from selected organizations, and a sample of 365 participants was selected using the Morgan and Krejcie table through a simple random sampling method. Data were collected using standardized questionnaires on organizational social capital, professional ethics, and communication skills. Pearson correlation was used to examine relationships between variables, and linear regression was applied to determine the impact of independent variables on the dependent variable using SPSS version 27. Results indicated a significant positive relationship between professional ethics and organizational social capital (r = 0.52, p < 0.001). Additionally, communication skills were positively correlated with organizational social capital (r = 0.47, p < 0.001). Regression analysis revealed that professional ethics (β = 0.38, p < 0.001) and communication skills (β = 0.34, p < 0.001) significantly predicted organizational social capital. The regression model explained 42% of the variance in organizational social capital (R² = 0.42). Findings suggest that professional ethics and communication skills are key factors in enhancing organizational social capital. Organizations can improve interpersonal interactions and increase social capital by strengthening ethical principles and improving employees’ communication skills.

The current research has been conducted with the aim of designing and evaluating the model of professional ethics of principals of the first secondary schools of Fars province. The method of this research was carried out by adopting a mixed approach and using a sequential exploratory method of the instrument-making type. The statistical population of this research in the qualitative part included all principals of the first secondary schools in Fars province. Among them, 17 people were selected by purposive sampling and using the theoretical saturation method.In the quantitative part of the research, the statistical population of the research included 1020 principals of first secondary schools in Fars province, of which 302 were selected as the sample size, based on Morgan's table, using stratified random sampling. In the qualitative part of the research, the data collection tool was a semi-structured interview, and in the quantitative part of the research, the questionnaire of the components of the professional ethics of managers was used in the quantitative part of the research to evaluate the principals of the first year of high school in Fars province. The reliability of the questionnaire is 99/ through Cronbach's alpha. The findings were obtained based on the network of themes of the components of professional ethics of the principals of the first secondary schools of Fars province, in the qualitative section including 4 inclusive themes including individual-personality factors, professional competences, organizational factors and environmental factors and 14 organizing themes including They were value, attitude, disciplinary, technical knowledge, responsibility, empathy, interpersonal relations, managerial-strategic, managerial-specialized, managerial-operational, managerial-communicative, political-legal, social-cultural, and information technology. The results showed that the factors affecting the professional ethics of managers have a significant impact on the behavior of school managers. It is necessary to seriously consider this matter by those involved in the educational system.

The aim of this study was to model structural equations of professional ethics based on social responsibility, organizational transparency, and organizational commitment, with the mediating role of social cynicism. This research was fundamental, non-experimental, descriptive-survey, and correlational in terms of examining relationships through structural equations. The statistical population included high school teachers in Urmia during the 2021–2022 academic year (N = 2,670). Using a multistage cluster random sampling method, the sample size was determined to be 400 participants based on Cochran's formula. The research data were collected through the following questionnaires: Professional Ethics (Qanbarpour et al., 2019), Social Responsibility (Carroll, 1991), Organizational Transparency (Rawlins, 2008), Organizational Commitment (Allen & Meyer, 1990), and Social Cynicism (Afshani & Kobraei, 2020). The data were analyzed using SPSS V. 28 and Lisrel V. 10 software. Results indicated that social responsibility, organizational transparency, and organizational commitment have a direct, negative, and significant effect on social cynicism. Additionally, social responsibility, organizational transparency, and organizational commitment have a direct, positive, and significant effect on professional ethics. Social cynicism has a direct, negative, and significant effect on professional ethics. Moreover, social responsibility, organizational transparency, and organizational commitment have an indirect, positive, and significant effect on professional ethics through the mediating role of social cynicism. Authorities should address the legitimate demands of teachers by fostering a transparent environment, which could enhance teachers' commitment and responsibility in teaching. This, in turn, could contribute to their professional success while also advancing societal scientific success.

This study aimed to identify the dimensions, components, and indicators of professional ethics for managers in small and medium-sized enterprises.This research was conducted using a qualitative approach and thematic analysis. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with experts in the field of ethics and organizational management. Purposeful sampling continued until theoretical saturation was achieved. Thematic analysis was performed using MAXQDA version 12, and the Delphi technique was employed in three rounds to validate the findings using Kendall’s coefficient of concordance and one-sample t-tests with SPSS version 25.The results revealed that professional ethics for managers are categorized into five main factors: organizational, environmental, contextual, structural, and individual. Organizational factors included combating organizational self-centeredness and having a strong organizational culture. Environmental factors emphasized the importance of policies and a supportive work environment, while contextual factors highlighted the impact of social and political environments. Structural factors underscored the significance of management styles and trust-building, and individual factors focused on the role of psychological well-being and personal competencies. The Kendall coefficient in the third round of the Delphi technique was 0.712, indicating substantial agreement among experts.The findings suggest that improving professional ethics among managers in small and medium-sized enterprises requires a comprehensive focus on various organizational, environmental, contextual, structural, and individual factors. Implementing transparent policies, promoting participative management styles, and fostering a healthy work environment can enhance managers’ ethical behavior.

The purpose of the present research is to design a model of professional ethics based on the components of the sermon of the professors of Islamic Azad University of North Khorasan province. In terms of practical purpose, the present research is a method of collecting descriptive survey data and the nature of the research is of a mixed type (qualitative-quantitative). The statistical population of the research includes the experts (experts and senior managers) of the Islamic Azad University of North Khorasan province, who have sufficient expertise and experience in the field of the research topic, and using the targeted method and theoretical saturation, 14 experts were selected as a sample for the interview. Research data was collected from semi-structured interview tool. In order to analyze the data, the foundational data approach was used, in this section, concepts were considered as the unit of analysis, and by separating the interview text into elements with messages inside the lines or paragraphs, an attempt was made to extract open codes. Due to the multitude of extracted concepts, they were refined several times and finally 99 key concepts were extracted and 20 categories were obtained by classifying them and in the form of 9 main categories including individual characteristics, attitudes, organizational characteristics, limitations, micro strategies, macro strategies, individual consequences. , the environmental consequences and the practical orientation of the creation of professional ethics were placed based on the components of Hammam's sermon. Also, the ranking of the research variables showed that personal and environmental consequences with an average rank of 2.63 are the first priority. Limitations are in the second priority, the practical tendency of creation to professional ethics based on the components of the Hammam sermon is in the third priority, individual and organizational characteristics are in the fourth priority, micro and macro strategies are in the fifth priority, and attitudes with an average rank of 2.38 are in the last priority.

The aim of the present research was to determine the status of professional ethics among primary school teachers in District 4 of Qom Province's Education Department. This research is applied in terms of its objectives and descriptive-survey in terms of data collection. The statistical population included 1,625 primary school teachers from District 4 of Qom Province who were teaching during the 2021-2022 academic year. The sample consisted of 311 teachers, selected through stratified random sampling based on Cochran's formula. Data were collected using the standard professional ethics questionnaire by Ghanbarpour, Abbasian, Arasteh, and Nowabrahim (2018), with a reliability score of 0.963 based on Cronbach's alpha. Descriptive and inferential analysis of the data was conducted using one-sample t-tests, independent sample t-tests, and Levene's test through SPSS software. The results showed that the status of professional ethics, moral spirituality, ethical character, and self-awareness of teachers is above average. Ethical responsibility towards students, ethical responsibility towards parents and supervisors, professional ethics of teachers, ethical responsibility towards the profession and colleagues are in a favorable condition. The ethical responsibility towards the organization and administration is also above average. There was no significant difference in the professional ethics of male and female teachers, nor was there a significant difference in professional ethics across different educational levels.

The purpose of the current research was to predict organizational commitment based on professional ethics, organizational culture and job satisfaction of elementary school teachers in Saghez city in the academic year of 1402-1403. The current research was a survey (correlation) type. The research population, according to the inquiry from the Education Department of Saghez city, included 930 primary school teachers. According to Krejcie and Morgan's table and Cochran's formula, the appropriate sample size for this community was 266 people. Cluster random sampling method was used for sampling. In order to collect research data, the organizational commitment, organizational culture, job satisfaction and professional ethics questionnaires were used. In order to analyze the data, descriptive and inferential statistics (linear regression, Pearson correlation and multivariate regression analysis) were used using SPSS version 20 software. The findings of the research showed that organizational culture and job satisfaction have a significant effect on the organizational commitment of primary teachers (P<0.05), but the variable of professional ethics has no significant effect on organizational commitment. In total, the results of the research show that about 40% of the changes in the organizational commitment variable are explained by the independent variables of the article.

This study examines the relationship between religious beliefs, and teachers' optimism and professional ethics with the mediating role of the concept of God within a causal model framework.

This study is applied in nature and descriptive-correlational in terms of research method. The statistical population included all high school teachers in Behshahr, Iran, during the 2023-2024 academic year, totaling 850 teachers. A stratified sampling method based on gender was used to select 265 participants. Data were collected using standard questionnaires: Kusworo’s Professional Ethics (1998), Scheer & Carver’s Optimism (1994), Najafi’s Religious Beliefs (2006), and Mazaheri et al.'s Concept of God (2005). Data were analyzed using SPSS-28 and PLS3.8 software.

The findings indicated that the total effect coefficient of religious beliefs on teachers’ professional ethics with the mediating role of the concept of God was 0.507, indicating that the mediating role of the concept of God in the relationship between religious beliefs and professional ethics is significant. Additionally, the total effect coefficient of religious beliefs on teachers’ optimism with the mediating role of the concept of God was 0.706, indicating that the mediating role of the concept of God in the relationship between religious beliefs and optimism is also significant. Therefore, at a 95% confidence level, the mediating effect of the concept of God in the relationship between religious beliefs and both professional ethics and optimism can be confirmed.

According to the findings of this study, it can be concluded that by strengthening religious beliefs and fostering a positive concept of God among teachers, their levels of optimism and professional ethics can be improved.

The presence of ethical teachers can have wide-ranging effects on students' academic self-efficacy as an important driver and guide. The current research was conducted with the aim of developing a model of the role of ethics and professional qualifications of physical education teachers, based on students' academic self-efficacy beliefs.

The research method was descriptive-correlation, and applied in terms of purpose. The statistical population of the research included 1059 physical education and sports teachers in Kermanshah province, who were selected as a statistical sample using stratified random method and 285 people based on Morgan's table. The research tool was the use of three standard questionnaires: the professional ethics of Kaduzir teachers (2002), the professional qualifications of Melainejad teachers (2012), and the academic self-efficacy beliefs of Jinks and Morgan (1999). PLS statistical software, structural equation model and confirmatory factor analysis method were used for data analysis.

The results showed that the model of the role of ethics and professional qualifications of physical education teachers on students' academic self-efficacy beliefs had a good fit, and accordingly, professional ethics on academic self-efficacy, with an impact coefficient of 0.508 and a t value of 607. 5, and professional qualification has had a positive and significant effect on academic self-efficacy, with an impact factor of 0.276 and a t value of 2.499. According to the findings of the research, it can be concluded that the ethics and professional qualifications of physical education teachers lead to increasing the academic self-efficacy of students. This not only develops the psychological well-being of students, but also reduces their academic stress.

Therefore, it is suggested to education officials to always try to institutionalize ethics and professional qualifications among teachers in order to raise the level of academic self-efficacy of students.

The current study has investigated the effect of leadership styles and professional ethics on organizational citizenship behavior with the mediating role of organizational effectiveness in education workers of Lorestan province.

This research is in the category of descriptive-correlation quantitative research of the structural equation model type. The statistical population included all education workers of Lorestan province (1311 people). A statistical sample of 301 people was selected using the simple random sampling method through lottery and Cochran's formula. In order to collect data, Avalio et al.'s "Leadership of Managers" questionnaire (2007), Podsakoff et al.'s (2000) "Organizational Citizenship Behavior" questionnaire, Ingram and Visnicki's "Positive Thinking" questionnaire (1988) were used. that their validity is with the validity of the structure; And their reliability was confirmed with Cronbach's alpha for leadership style 0.917, professional ethics 0.866, organizational effectiveness 0.846, organizational citizenship behavior 0.787 and combined reliability for all variables above 0.70 respectively. Data were analyzed using SPSS23 and SMART PLS2 software.

 The results of structural equations showed that the hypothesis of the influence of leadership styles on citizenship behavior was rejected, and it was confirmed on organizational effectiveness, and the hypothesis of the effect of professional ethics on organizational citizenship behavior and organizational effectiveness, and the hypothesis of the effect of organizational effectiveness on organizational citizenship behavior was confirmed. z-value≤1/96).

Effectiveness was able to explain the full mediating role between leadership styles and organizational citizenship behavior and the weak mediating role between professional ethics and organizational citizenship behavior. The R2 determination coefficient was 0.414 for organizational effectiveness and 0.394 for organizational citizenship behavior, which is very strong

The aim of the present study is to validate the model of the antecedents of the development of professional ethics with the approach of empowering nurses in Behbahan city.. In terms of its purpose, this research is an applied research, and in terms of data collection, it is a descriptive and survey-type study. The statistical population of this research includes all student nurses of Ahvaz medical sciences universities, which according to the information obtained are about 470 people and the sample includes 212 people.The research tool was a well-made questionnaire that was categorized into 6 subscales of education factors, management style, culture, moral intelligence, spiritual values ​​and psychological characteristics. The questionnaire was prepared based on a 5-point Likert scale. For formal and content validity, the opinions of several professors were used. Also, the construct validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by exploratory factor analysis and the reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. SPSS and AMOS version 23 software were used in the research data analysis process.The findings showed that the exploratory factor analysis, which was conducted using the principal components method and Varimax rotation, indicated that a six-factor structure is a suitable method for describing the to validate the model of the antecedents of the development of professional ethics with the approach of empowering nurses in Behbahan city.. Together, these six factors explain 70.85% of the variance of the scale. Also, among the components of the model of the antecedents of the development of professional ethics management, there is a correlation with the approach of empowering nurses in Behbahan city, the highest correlation is related to education and moral intelligence with a coefficient of 0.748 and the lowest correlation is between spiritual values ​​and psychological characteristics with a coefficient of 0.587.

The current research has been conducted with the aim of designing and evaluating the model of professional ethics of principals of the first secondary schools of Fars province. The method of this research was carried out by adopting a mixed approach and using a sequential exploratory method of the instrument-making type. The statistical population of this research in the qualitative part included all principals of the first secondary schools in Fars province. Among them, 17 people were selected by purposive sampling and using the theoretical saturation method.In the quantitative part of the research, the statistical population of the research included 1020 principals of first secondary schools in Fars province, of which 302 were selected as the sample size, based on Morgan's table, using stratified random sampling. In the qualitative part of the research, the data collection tool was a semi-structured interview, and in the quantitative part of the research, the questionnaire of the components of the professional ethics of managers was used in the quantitative part of the research to evaluate the principals of the first year of high school in Fars province. The reliability of the questionnaire is 99/ through Cronbach's alpha. The findings were obtained based on the network of themes of the components of professional ethics of the principals of the first secondary schools of Fars province, in the qualitative section including 4 inclusive themes including individual-personality factors, professional competences, organizational factors and environmental factors and 14 organizing themes including They were value, attitude, disciplinary, technical knowledge, responsibility, empathy, interpersonal relations, managerial-strategic, managerial-specialized, managerial-operational, managerial-communicative, political-legal, social-cultural, and information technology. The results showed that the factors affecting the professional ethics of managers have a significant impact on the behavior of school managers. It is necessary to seriously consider this matter by those involved in the educational system.

The purpose of this research was the intermediate role of ethics in relationship between organizational culture & social responsibility among managers of high schools in Mamasani. Research method was correlational. Participants contained of all managers of high schools in Mamasani in 2023. 246 managers of high schools were selected via simple accessible method. Questionnaires contained ethics, organizational culture & social responsibility scales. All scales had obtimal raliability & validiry. Statistical analyses was done via structural equation with SPSS-26 and AMOS-24. Results showed there was a significant relationship between organizational culture & social responsibility among managers among managers. There was a significant relationship between organizational culture & ethics among managers among managers. There was a significant relationship between social responsibility & ethics among managers among managers. Also ethics had the intermediate role in relationship between organizational culture & social responsibility among managers.Key words: Ethics, organizational culture, social responsibility, managers. students

Various factors including cultural competences and social support affect teachers' professional ethics. This study intended to model structural relationships, cultural competence, and elementary teachers' professional ethics with the mediating role of social support.

This descriptive-correlational research was conducted using structural equation modeling. The population consisted of 2100 elementary school teachers of Tabriz, out of which 325 teachers were selected, and structural equation modeling was used to answer the valid questionnaires on cultural competence, professional ethics, and social support . Data analysis was done with SPSS 26 and SMART PLS 3 software.

The results of the research showed that the model has a good fit and cultural competences and social support were directly, positively, and significantly (P < 0.01) able to predict professional ethics. Moreover, the mediating role of social support in the relationship between cultural competencies and professional ethics was positive and significant (P < 0.01).

Based on the results, it can be said that paying attention to cultural competencies and social support can lead to to the development of professional ethics. In addition to these results, it can create novel insights for policy makers and educational planners in the development of professional ethics.

The aim of the current research was to investigate the level of attention of the sixth elementary textbooks (social studies and Farsi) to teaching the components of professional ethics. The research method is a description of the type of content analysis.

The statistical population of this research was social studies and Persian books of the sixth grade in the academic year of 1402-1401. The unit of analysis of the research was text, pictures, activities and book assignments. The measuring instrument of the research was the following items adapted from the Kadu professional ethics questionnaire, which was obtained to ensure the reliability of the instrument. Cronbach's alpha value for this questionnaire was 0.81. The research data was processed by Shannon's entropy method.

The results of the research showed that in the mentioned books, the highest coefficient of importance is assigned to the component of honesty at the rate of 0.170 and the lowest coefficient of importance is assigned to the component of respect for others at the rate of 0.095.

In general, these books deal with the components of professional ethics in an unbalanced manner, so that some components such as responsibility, respect for others, and loyalty are not paid attention to in written Persian books. Considering the important role that professional ethics has in the future of students and the country, it is necessary that the authors of textbooks pay due attention to this issue in the next editions.

This article aims at the pathology of university culture in Iran's universities by reviewing studies conducted within the country. This qualitative research was done by content analysis method. For this purpose, all articles in databases (sid, magiran, noormags) were searched with keywords of culture, university, university culture as a research population, among them 11 articles related to research topic Was identified and selected as a sample. Articles were studied and analyzed. The categories and statements obtained as pathology to academic culture were placed below the previous ten recognized axes for academic culture. The most important pathology to academic culture based on the results of this research and in order of priority are: pathology related to university management, communication, professional ethics, and learning and education. Scientific freedom pathology is in the top priority. The results of this research can be used for higher education policy in the field of eliminating academic culture damage.

To encourage creativity in teaching, factors helping with its development need to be identified and strengthened. To this end the impact of professional ethics and occupational endurance on creativity in teaching was explored through analyses of data gathered from a randomly selected sample of 350 elementary school teachers utilizing appropriate instruments with assumed validity and reliability. Results show that creative teaching is positively correlated with both professional ethics (r=0.46) and occupational endurance (r= 0.36, P<0.001). Direct impact of both factors was relatively high (0.45 and 0.57, respectively). Further analyses revealed that the constructed model is of desirable goodness of fit.