تجاری سازی و دانشگاه ها

The concept of Entrepreneurship University has been a matter of great interest in the field of higher education for the last two decades. Promoting entrepreneurship will be a solution to the employment problem, and the University of Entrepreneurship, utilizing the potential of the university, will improve entrepreneurship and increase unemployment and reduce unemployment. The purpose of this study was to present a conceptual model of Entrepreneurship University with psychological maturity approach and psychological readiness for commercialization and entrepreneurship in applied science centers of Mazandaran province.

The research method was descriptive-survey. The statistical population of the present study was 12 experts in applied science centers of Mazandaran province and the dominant professors. Data were collected using paired comparisons questionnaire and fuzzy Delphi, Dimitel and ISM techniques.

Findings from the implementation of DEMATEL and ISM techniques show that among the 5 main variables and 21 sub-dimensions selected by fuzzy Delphi technique, the components of social and cultural values and attitudes, infrastructure as the most effective and management components, entrepreneurship. And knowledge-based employment, output and outcome were identified as the most influential dimensions. Finally, it was suggested to focus on issues such as the need for and the primary motivation for commercialization; the knowledge and confidence of university researchers in the commercialization process (intellectual property rights, patent registration and bachelor's degree).

Universities are looking for various methods to increase the source share of their private incomes such as research commercialization. Creating and expanding technological transfer offices in universities whose duty is to guide and facilitate the transmission of commercialized knowledge derived from different kinds of intellectual properties is a shifting policy in this respect. This research has been done in order to determine the viewpoints of faculty members and authorities of industry relation offices about commercialization methods and their possible barriers to be able to help planners to develop it well.In this cross-sectional survey study, activists in the field of technological transmission were interviewed. samples were selected based on proportional stratified sampling method and the views of relevant experienced specialists were used to design questions. The results clearly demonstrated that the authorities of industry relation offices evaluated the role of the offices in the process of commercialization more fundamental than that of faculty members. Additionally 78% of interviewees believed that commercialization success depends on the effective and active interaction of these offices with other relevant units in universities. From the respondent points of view, priorities of commercialization methods includes: joint research contracts (41%), development of commercial enterprises (27%), patents (22%) and providing consulting services (10%), respectively. Both challenges of inattentiveness to entrepreneurship culture and the contradiction between commercialization and traditional responsibilities of universities in the case of education and basic researches have been mentioned fairly equal.