توانمند سازی

The current research was conducted with the aim of designing an empowerment model with the professional development approach of teachers with a mixed approach. This research is exploratory in terms of practical purpose and in terms of data collection method, which has been analyzed with a mixed (qualitative-quantitative) approach. In the first stage, qualitative method and in-depth interviews were used to identify the components of the model. Participants in the qualitative part are 16 university experts who were selected by snowball method. In the second step, a quantitative method was used to fit the model designed in the qualitative section. In the quantitative part, the statistical population included managers, experts and teachers of Zabul city, and 200 people were selected using Cochran's formula and stratified random method. it placed. Qualitative part data analysis was done by coding method and using MaxQdia software and quantitative part data analysis was done by structural equation modeling method and Amos software. The results of the research showed that the main dimensions of empowerment with the professional development approach of teachers were identified in six dimensions and the designed model has an acceptable fit. It was also found that there is a significant effect between the current state of this variable and the components with their desired state.

The purpose of this research was to design a model for empowering educational managers in education.

The current research is of the type of applied-developmental purpose, in terms of collecting descriptive information and in terms of the nature of the data, it is mixed. which includes two main parts. In the first part, using research literature and thematic analysis, the criteria of the managers' empowerment model were identified. The statistical population included all the educational managers of education, because the statistical population was unlimited, 384 people were selected as a sample.questionnaire was distributed among the sample in a cluster form, and based on the 384 questionnaires obtained, the model of empowering managers in education was confirmed by the method of confirmatory factor analysis.

The findings of the research showed that the model of empowering managers in education includes research dimensions including: individual dimension, organizational dimension, communication dimension, functional dimension, evaluation dimension. The research components include: psychological characteristics, professional skills, Learning, management characteristics, transparent communication, participation, organizational culture, feedback-based control, evaluation and diagnosis of problems, sustainable follow-up of evaluation. Also, the results showed that in the model of empowering education managers, the individual dimension with a factor load of 0.917 is in the first rank, the organizational dimension is in the second rank with a factor load of 0.801, and the communication dimension is in the next rank with a factor load of 0.832.

The aim of the present study is to validate the model of the antecedents of the development of professional ethics with the approach of empowering nurses in Behbahan city.. In terms of its purpose, this research is an applied research, and in terms of data collection, it is a descriptive and survey-type study. The statistical population of this research includes all student nurses of Ahvaz medical sciences universities, which according to the information obtained are about 470 people and the sample includes 212 people.The research tool was a well-made questionnaire that was categorized into 6 subscales of education factors, management style, culture, moral intelligence, spiritual values ​​and psychological characteristics. The questionnaire was prepared based on a 5-point Likert scale. For formal and content validity, the opinions of several professors were used. Also, the construct validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by exploratory factor analysis and the reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. SPSS and AMOS version 23 software were used in the research data analysis process.The findings showed that the exploratory factor analysis, which was conducted using the principal components method and Varimax rotation, indicated that a six-factor structure is a suitable method for describing the to validate the model of the antecedents of the development of professional ethics with the approach of empowering nurses in Behbahan city.. Together, these six factors explain 70.85% of the variance of the scale. Also, among the components of the model of the antecedents of the development of professional ethics management, there is a correlation with the approach of empowering nurses in Behbahan city, the highest correlation is related to education and moral intelligence with a coefficient of 0.748 and the lowest correlation is between spiritual values ​​and psychological characteristics with a coefficient of 0.587.

The most important factor in the development of the society's education system is the existence of motivated and effective teachers. Teachers are the main factor in the teaching and learning process and they can guarantee the effectiveness of the country's education system by having a high level of motivation, spirit and satisfaction. The purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between ethical leadership and work engagement with teacher empowerment.

This research is applied in terms of descriptive-correlation method. The statistical population of the research consists of all male and female elementary school teachers of Khalkhal city, numbering 350 people, and 183 people were selected as a sample using the cluster sampling method and based on Morgan's table. In order to collect data, three standard questionnaires of ethical leadership by Kalshoven et al. (2011), empowerment by Spritzer and Mishra (1997) and work engagement by Shoufeli and Salanova (2001) were used. To analyze the data, SPSS and Lisrel software were used (conducting confirmatory factor analysis in the research tools standardization section).

The findings show that the correlation coefficient between moral leadership and empowerment (r=0.62) and work engagement and empowerment (r=0.61) is significant. Also, the standard regression coefficient of ethical leadership is 0.45 and work engagement is 0.40, and these two variables explain 51% of the variance of the empowerment variable.

According to the findings of the research, it is concluded that the variables of ethical leadership and work engagement can predict the empowerment of teachers, and with the development of the ethical leadership style of managers in educational organizations, the work engagement and empowerment of teachers increases. Therefore, it is suggested that managers use ethical leadership style in schools to develop the work engagement and empowerment of teachers and thereby improve organizational performance.

The aim of the research was to design an interpretive structural model of human resource empowerment barriers in the Ministry of Sports and Youth. The present study is an applied research that was conducted in the field using a combined research method. The statistical population in the quantitative part, including the general managers of the Ministry of Sports and Youth and the provinces, was equal to 65 people and in the qualitative part was 18 experts. Due to the limitations of members, the statistical population was equal to the sample. The research instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity was confirmed by 7 professors and its reliability was confirmed by using Cronbach's alpha calculation (α = 0.82). Experts' opinions, frequency percentage and interpretive structural technique were used to structure the barriers. The results showed that there are 16 major obstacles in the way of empowering the staff of the Ministry of Sports and Youth, and these obstacles were placed at eight levels. Obstacles to poor participation of operational units, lack of clear rules on empowerment and lack of attention to promotion and empowerment dimensions in the reward and incentive system were at the infrastructure level. Removing barriers at the lowest level of the model should be prioritized in decision and action to facilitate the removal of barriers at higher levels.

Spirituality is known as one of the main forces of existence and nature of humans. Therefore, if the organization can encourage and improve spirituality in its employees, it can encourage people to use their whole being at work; Therefore, the purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of spiritual leadership on the empowerment of employees in an engineering and oil development company.

In terms of the nature of data collection, this research is a descriptive survey and based on the purpose, it is of an applied type. The statistical community in the current research is the oil engineering and development company, which has 400 people. Using Cochran's formula, a statistical sample size of 195 people was determined, and finally 185 questionnaires were returned. In this research, Spritzer and Mishra's psychological empowerment questionnaire and 18-question spiritual leadership questionnaire were used. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to check normality and in the step after regression.

The results showed that spiritual leadership has a significant effect on the empowerment of employees in the engineering and oil development company (P=0.05).

Managers should strengthen the ability, spirituality and social security in their employees by learning and implementing the components of spiritual leadership in their work environment and by drawing goals and vision for employees to create a positive image of the future and a sense of competence and effectiveness of their efforts in reaching pay goals

Today, paying attention to the organizational structure in empowering employees is very important. The organizational structure is a set of ways through which the activities of the organization are divided and coordinated into known tasks. Therefore, the main goal of the research was to predict empowerment based on organizational structure and knowledge management among the employees of the General Department of Health Insurance of Fars province.

The descriptive research method was correlation type. For this purpose, among the General Department of Health Insurance of Fars province employees in 2014, 117 people were selected by simple random sampling method. The samples were evaluated using Short and Reinhardt's empowerment questionnaire, Robbins' organizational structure, and Joseph Haddad's knowledge management. The obtained data were evaluated using the regression method.

The results showed that organizational structure dimensions predict employee empowerment; It also predicts the dimensions of knowledge management and empowering employees.

According to the correlation coefficient matrix, the influence of the two variables of knowledge creation and knowledge sharing did not affect the empowerment variable. Therefore, by performing regression, the presence of knowledge deployment and knowledge registration variables in the model was reported to be significant.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of ethical leadership on teacher empowerment by medeating the work engagement of teachers in Khalkhal city. This research is the type of structural equations in terms of descriptive-correlation method. The statistical population of the study includes all male and female primary school teachers in 350 people. Using one-stage cluster sampling method, schools are considered as clusters and using Morgan table, 183 people Were randomly selected as the sample.Data were collected using three standardized Questionnaire of Kalshowen et al Ethical Leadership Questionnaires (2011), Spritzer and Mishra Empowerment (1997), and the work engagement of Schoffley and Salanova (2001). SPSS V23 and LISREL V 8. 8 software were used to analyze the data. Findings show that the correlation coefficient between ethical eadership and empowerment (r = 0.637), ethical leadership and work engagement (r = 0.44) and work engagement and empowerment (r = 0.644) and their relationship are meaningful.Also, the results of confirmatory factor analysis with standard coefficients showed that the amount of factor loads between ethical leadership and teacher empowerment is 0.79 and ethical leadership andwork engagement is 1.00 and their relationship is significant. The results of path analysis with standard coefficients showed that the standard path coefficient between ethical leadership and empowerment is 0.47, so the direct effect is significant and the path coefficient between ethical leadership and work engagement is 0.43 and between work engagement and empowerment is 0.60, so the indirect effect between ethical leadership and empowerment is also significant.

Empowerment receives attention in human resource and management fields because of its positive impacts on employees’ organizational behaviours in the workplace.The purpose of present research is investigation the relationship between ethical leadership and organizational commitment with employees empowerment in Noshahr Marin Sciences University . The population included the whole employees of Noshahr Marin Sciences University. 53 employees were selected by simple random method. The research instruments were as follows: De Hoogh & Den Hartog (2008) etical leadership queairstionne which consisted of 20 items with dimensions of people orientation(Items1,2,3,4) , fairness(Items 5,6,7,8) , power sharing(Items 9,10,11,12) , ethical guidance(Items13,14,15,16) and role clarification(Items17,18,19,20) with Cronbach’s Alpha of 0.84, Allen &Meyer (1996) organizational commitment queairstionne which consisted of 24 items with dimensions of affective(Items1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8),continuance(Items 9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16)and normative(Items17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24 ) with Cronbach’s Alpha of 0.78 and Mishra & Spreitzer (1997) empowerment queairstionne which consisted of 15 items with dimensions of competence(Items1,2,3),meaning(Items10,11,12), self- determination(Items4,5,6), impact(Items 7,8,9) and trust in others(Items13,14,15) with Cronbach’s Alpha of 0.89. The results of multivariate regression indicated that there are meaningful relationship between ethical leadership and dimensions of ethical leadership and also dimensions of organizational commitment with employees empowerment .And there is a meaningful relationship between ethical leadership with organizational commitment .

Today, one of the main concerns of the country's higher education system is the empow er ment of its human resources and their optimal use for competitive advantage, sustainable devel op ment, and the quantitative and qualitative impro v ement of the teaching-learning sys t e m in universities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of compon e n ts of qua l it y of work life, educ a t ional conditions, commitment and organizational culture on the dimen s i o n s of psychological empowerment of professors from the perspective of proffessors of Farhangian University of Bushehr. The research method was descriptive-correlation mode lin g of structural equations. The statistical popul a t ion of the study includes all proffessors of Farhangian University of Bushehr(720people). The sample size was determined using Cochran's formula 250 and the questionnaire was distributed among them using simple random sampling method. Data collection tools: five questionnaires: Walton (1973) Quality of Work Life Quality, Tracey & Tews Organiz ati on al Train ing climate(2005),MirAllen Organizational Commit ment (1984) ,Deni s o n (2000) Or g a niz ational Culture, and Spr it zer-Mishra(1996)Were collected.  Data ana l y sis was perf or m ed using SPSS and LISREL software. The results showed that the compon ents of quality of work life, training, comm it ment and organiz ati on a l culture have a positive and significant effect on the organizational psyc ho logical empowerment of professors at Farhangian University of Bushehr. In order of prio rity, the components of organizational culture, organizational comm it ment and quality of work life had the most , and the comp on ents of conditions and organizational training space had the least effect on the psych o l o g ic al empowerment of employees. According to the fit ind i ces of the tested model, the final model has a relatively good fit.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between learning organization dimensions and staff empowerment of small and medium-sized companies in Alborz province. , Shared vision and system thinking, and employee empowerment have been investigated using the Spritzer empowerment model which includes five dimensions of meaningfulness, competence, independence, impact, and trust. And active in the wood industry of Alborz province Have formed. The number of these companies in Alborz province is 60 companies according to the Ministry of Commerce and their number of managers and employees is 1100. The sample size of the sample is 285 managers and employees of Alborz Small and Medium Enterprises, selected and surveyed using Gorges Morgan sampling table and Cochran formula. Data collection tool, Sangeh Standard Learning Organization (1990) And Empowerment is Meshira (1999). Data analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings of this study showed a significant and positive relationship between learning organization and psychological empowerment and also the results of hypotheses test show that between dimensions of learning organization including (ability) There is a positive and significant relationship between employees, mental models, group learning, shared vision and system thinking) and the empowerment of small and medium enterprises in Alborz province.

he purpose of this study is to provide a semantic analysis of the empowerment factors, strategies and consequences of staffing at selected universities in Iran and Canada. Using qualitative comparative research method, using grounded theory approach and in-depth interviews with 12 empowerment experts in six campuses of Islamic Azad University (three in three campuses in Tehran and three in Mashhad, Tabriz and Shiraz) and Selected Canadian universities (Universities of Montreal, Quebec, McGill, Ottawa, York and Toronto). The content analysis of the interviews resulted in the extraction of 33 basic concepts in the open coding stage, 4 major categories in the axial coding stage and 2 core axial categories in the selective coding stage. Findings based on the semantic model showed that in Islamic Azad University the core of "relative instability" and in Canadian universities follow a systematic and rule-based structure based on relative stability. Also, the analytical difference between the role of staff empowerment in the views of the two expert groups reflects the emphasis of Iranian experts on the individual impact of empowerment and Canadian experts on the organizational impact of empowerment.

Social work has been indicated by all divine religions and all divine leaders have encouraged people to participate. So, the origin of social work should be investigated in the religions, because one of the most important advices of all divine religions is to help and assist each other and the fellow men (the other people).
There is a special attention at the holy Quran verses and the hadiths of the infallible Imams (a.s.) related to assist and help orphans and there are obvious and firm orders about this matter. According to this, the purpose of this research is to study the principles and skills of the Islamic social work to empower orphans based on the manner of Aemeh Athar(a.s) specially Imam Reza(p.b.u.h). The method of research is descriptive and of the documentary analysis. Research tools are the noble Quran, the infallible's traditions and hadiths and other great scholar's writings in the books, magazines and researches connected to the issue. Sampling has been done in a purposeful manner and for this, it has been used the above sources. The tool of the research has been taking note. At first, it has been defined and presented the terms and a concept related to the research and then it has been mentioned the importance and necessity of the social work in the society according to the manner of Aemeh Athar (a.s). At the end the effective components and factors for empowering orphans based on the manner of Aemeh Athar(a.s) specially Imam Reza(p.b.u.h) have been studied and analyzed .The results show that the social work is an important social principle and all aspects which it takes account of the spiritual dimensions of the life as well the material dimensions. Aemeh Athar(a.s) specially Imam Reza (p.b.u.h)in their manner and behaviors and their teachings have recommended all people to consider and help orphans and empower them to take on their responsibility over their life affairs and infallible Imams (a.s) have defined components for it. With using these components, it is possible to achieve to its fruits.

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between spiritual leadership and abilities of the staff. the whole statistical population is500 ofResearch and Educational Planning staff and the sample of population size of this study in the method of Morgan is 217.Question forms of spiritual leadership of Fry and colleagues (2005) and empowerment Spritirs (1995) to collect data was 2014-15. In order to ensure the validity of the content, both questionnaires were provided to 10 experts after the necessary reforms to the questionnaires was to get their views.Reliability, questionnaires components of organizational leadership0.83and empowerment questionnaire0.87 was estimated using Cronbach's Alpha. Data analysis, inferential statistics with Pearson correlation and regression was performed using the software SPSS. The results of this study correlation of spiritual leadership, love of altruism, meaningful work, organizational commitment, organizational vision, faith, and the feedback was positive and significant performance, with the empowerment of the predictability and empowering its employees.

New approaches to learning and using them to improve and enhance the effectiveness of training and development of skills training is required. The present study aimed at solving techniques using education as an educational innovation to increase students' self-efficacy and empowerment. The research is descriptive method of data collection was internal and external databases Finally, findings and analysis of existing approaches and strategies in this regard was provided. The results showed that the method of solving the inventive method will facilitate the empowerment and self-learners Using this method can improve skills training and create change in this area have positive effects. Based on the results of this study, PBL can positively affect learners’ self-efficacy readiness. Preparation for self-efficacy learning is an important characteristic in students. These features should be considered for future planning and application of effective teaching methods with respect to the educational innovations  of each field and career.

nabling the officers and personal is one of necessaries and managerial tools that can be used for leading in human resources to more optimization. Enabling the I.R.I police managers and commanders is one of the effective options for promotions for optimization of capacities and their abilities in realization of the organizational goals. The research focused on the different views of the managers and commanders on the effects of complementary educations for their vocational capacities and skills. The method of this research is based on descriptive-measurement way. Statistical society is managers and commanders who passed the courses of DAFOS servicing in I.R.I police headquarters and typography and sampling was done by classification method is related to the volume of statistical society. Analysis of the data were done by using (T) tests (Variance) analysis and following up of the (TUKI). The result were indicating that the complementary educations (DAFOS curse) of I.R.I police manager and commanders has been significant in enabling their vocational terms and they have been promoted in three factors of analysis, providence and adaptability in high level and in the factors of commanding, learning, questioning, and applicationing these increase was less than mean of average.

This paper aimed to study the significance of professional growth, supervisor support and empowerment on job attitudes and organizational- civil behaviors. Due to its purpose, data, nature and method, this research was an applied, quantitative, non-experimental and correlational survey respectively. All Iran Technical and Vocational Training Organization (Iran TVTO)’s headquarters staff were the research population. 225 people were selected based on a simple random sampling. Pearson correlation coefficient and regression were utilized for data analysis. The obtained results indicated that there is a significant correlation between “professional development, leadership support and empowerment”, and “job attitudes (job satisfaction and organizational commitment)”. Additionally, the findings showed that professional development and empowerment predicted 32 and 21% and job attitudes and leadership support predicted 16% of organizational citizenship behaviors among Iran TVTO’s headquarters staff.

The current study aimed at studying the relationship between Total Quality Management and empowering and performance evaluation of Youth and Sports Department staff in Fars province. The research was descriptive and the total population included 160 staff from Youth and Sports Department of Fars province. A sample of 113 was selected randomly according to Krejcie and Morgan’s table. Three Questionnaires were used to collect data. Total Management quality، empowerment، and performance evaluation were analyzed through Pearson correlation، multiple regression، and variance analysis. The results of statistical analyses showed that there was a significant relationship between the dimensions of Total Quality Management and empowering. Further، a significant relationship was found between the dimensions of Total Quality Management and performance evaluation.