فرسودگی شغلی

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between psychological capital and workplace deviant behaviors via the mediating role of burnout among elementary school teachers in Shiraz. For this purpose, 349 teachers were selected by multistage cluster sampling and responded to a self-report questionnaire including the Psychological Capital Scale, Deviant Behavior, and Burnout. The technical properties of the scales were also verified. The findings showed that the components of psychological capital (self-efficacy, optimism, hope, and resilience) have indirect negative effects through mediating the dimensions of burnout (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, pessimism, and inefficiency) which is statistically significant (p<0.01). The most indirect effect on workplace deviant behaviors (-0.14) belonged to resilience. Moreover, the most direct effect on deviant behaviors in the workplace was related to emotional burnout (0.32) which was statistically significant (0.01). Meanwhile, the explained variance of workplace deviant behaviors was 0.30. Meanwhile, in the fitted model, 30% of the variance of deviant workplace behaviors was explained by psychological capital and burnout.  Overall, the results showed that strengthening psychological assets such as optimism, hope, self-efficacy and psychological resilience in primary school teachers greatly reduces their burnout, which reduces deviant behaviors in the workplace and develops individual and group behaviors of teachers in the workplace.

Professional identity and mindfulness of teachers play an important role in reducing their job burnout and can improve the quality of education. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between the professional identity of primary education teachers and their burnout with the role of mindfulness as a mediator in Kazeroon city.

The research method was descriptive and correlational. For this purpose, 350 people out of 1700 primary education teachers were evaluated as a statistical sample. The required information was collected through job burnout questionnaire (Meslesh, 1981), teachers' professional identity questionnaires (Chang, 2008) and mindfulness questionnaire (Baer et al., 2006). Considering the normality of data distribution, Pearson correlation test,Sobel test and stepwise regression analysis were used to analyze the data.

The results showed that there is a significant relationship between professional identity, job burnout and mindfulness. Professional identity with a beta value of 0.320 had an effect on teachers' burnout. Also, the results showed that professional identity with a beta value of -0.305 has an effect on teachers' mindfulness and can predict about 9% of changes in the dependent variable. Professional identity with a beta value of -0.162 and mindfulness with a beta value of -0.519 have an impact on teachers' burnout and can predict about 35% of changes in the dependent variable. And finally, the results showed that considering the error level of ∝ 0.05, if the value is greater than 1.96, the observed indirect effect is statistically significant.

Teachers with stronger professional identity and higher mindfulness are more able to deal with job stress. Mindfulness training can be an effective way to improve resilience and improve the quality of teachers' work life.

The present study aims to discover the relationship between ethical leadership and organizational spirituality on job burnout and to study the possible mediation of organizational learning in between. The statistical population of this study consisted of all the second stage of highschool teachers of the Iranian of Mashad who were selected as a sample using Cochran's formula. This research is applicative, in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlational in terms of nature and method. The data collection tools are questionnaires. The validity of the questionnaires was confirmed using face and structural validity and the reliability was ssconfirmed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Structural equation modeling and PLS4 software was used for statistical analysis of the collected data. The results contribute to new knowledge that both organizational spirituality and ethical leadership have a direct and reversal relationship with the organizational burnout and in the meantime organizational learning Plays a mediating role through reducing the effects of organizational burnout among the employees improving the anti-productive organizational behaviours, while receiving a direct and positive effect from both the ethical leadership and organizational spirituality. According to the confirmation of all the research hypotheses, suggestions have been made regarding how to choose and train the school managers and how to eliminate and reduce organizational burnout among the teachers.

Organizational bullying and organizational silence as organizational phenomena can lead to burnout and psychological stress in people. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the effect of organizational bullying on teachers’ job burnout through the mediating role of organizational silence.

To achieve this goal, a descriptive-correlational method was employed, relying on structural equation modeling. The study population consisted of all female elementary school teachers in Kermanshah City. A sample of 275 teachers was selected using the cluster sampling method based on the Krejcie and Morgan table. Data were collected through three questionnaires measuring organizational bullying, organizational silence, and teacher burnout, with reported reliabilities of 0.876, 0.865, and 0.898, respectively, based on Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Data analysis utilized descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean) and inferential statistics (correlation coefficient, Sobel test).

The findings revealed that organizational bullying has a significant and positive effect on both organizational silence and teacher burnout. Additionally, organizational silence has a positive and meaningful impact on teacher burnout. Furthermore, organizational bullying has a positive and significant impact on teacher burnout through organizational silence as a mediator.

According to the results of the study, it can be concluded that establishing an atmosphere free from threats and bullying in schools can not only lead to the formation of a space for greater interaction and participation of teachers in school affairs but can also help to reduce job burnout among them.

The purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between school-oriented management style and resilience with job burnout in primary school teachers. The method of the current research was a correlational description. The statistical population of this research consisted of all primary teachers of Mashhad city, based on Morgan's table, the sample number was estimated to be 384 people. The sampling method in this research is random sampling. For this purpose, Davadipour et al.'s (2008) School Management Style Questionnaire, Meslech and Jackson's (1981) Job Burnout Questionnaire, and Tab Orikaner and Davidson's (2003) Questionnaire were used to collect information. After collecting the data, descriptive statistics, correlation and regression indicators were used to analyze the data using SPSS 24 software. The results of the analysis showed that there is a relationship between school-oriented management style and resilience with job burnout in primary school teachers (p<0.05).

Job burnout is a psychological syndrome and is most commonly seen in occupations that have long been associated with humans. the purpose of this study is to predict the burnout of elementary teachers based on religious beliefs and mindfulness with regard to the mediating role of resilience. The purpose of this study is descriptive and correlational. the statistical population consisted of elementary school teachers in Yazd in the school year of 2021-2022. Using simple random sampling method, 299 teachers were selected based on Cochran formula. information was collected using the four Maslach Burnout Questionnaires (2014), Connor-Davidson Resilience Questionnaire, Freiburg Mindfulness Questionnaire (2006), and Ganji and Nayebzadeh's religious beliefs (2014). Also, Data were also analyzed Path analysis analysis and Sabel test. The results showed that there is a linear and inverse relationship between the variables of religious beliefs, mindfulness and burnout, and the higher the resilience criterion in teachers, the lower the burnout of teachers. thus the variables of religious beliefs, mindfulness and resilience predict the burnout of Yazd elementary school teachers. In addition, the findings showed that mediation resilience is a relationship between religious beliefs and job burnout, and mindfulness predicts job burnout directly and indirectly

Introduction and goal: 

Job burnout is a consequence of constant and frequent job pressure and is defined as a lack of vitality and energy; So that a person feels bored, he becomes burdened with his job. The present study was conducted with the aim of developing a training package for the desire to permanence and its feasibility on the burnout of primary teachers.

The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group and a three-month follow-up. The statistical population included all the elementary school teachers of Miandoab city in the academic year of 2022, 30 people were selected through the purposeful sampling method and were randomly replaced in two groups of 15 people, experimental and control. The measurement tool in this research was the job burnout scale of Moslesh and Jackson (1986). The teachers of the experimental group of 8 sessions of 90 minutes (2 sessions per week) were trained in the persistence program, and the control group did not receive any intervention. Statistical data analysis was done using the mixed variance analysis method with SPSS version 23 software.

The results of the data analysis showed that after the intervention, the effect of the educational package of desire to stay on it was significant (p<0.05) on the job burnout of elementary teachers in the city of Miandoab.

Based on the results of the research, it can be said that the educational package of desire to permanence is a suitable intervention method to reduce the burnout of elementary school teachers in Miandoab city. Therefore, using this intervention method alone or in combination with other educational programs can reduce the burnout of teachers.

This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the factors predicting the intention to leave a job. The intended research is applied and correlational. The target population includes all the employees of technical and professional government educational centers (about 12,000 people) who were selected using simple random sampling and Cochran's formula, 375 people. The data collection method is a questionnaire that was provided to the personnel in electronic form. Data analysis was done by correlation, regression and ANOVA and t test using SPSS26 software. The findings indicate that there is a correlation between the variable of leaving the job with the variables of stress, security, attachment and job burnout. However, there was no relationship between the stress variable and job security and attachment. But the higher the job stress level, the higher the burnout. A significant relationship was observed between the variable of security and attachment and job burnout, and also a significant relationship was observed between the variable of attachment and job burnout. Therefore, the findings show that the higher the job stress and burnout, the higher the intention to leave the job, and the lower the level of job security and attachment, the higher the intention to leave the job.the variable of job burnout and then the variables of job attachment and job security had the greatest impact on the intention to leave the job of technical and vocational education personnel, but the variable of job stress did not have a significant impact.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of intrinsic motivation in the relationship between motive incongruence and job burnout. This research is a part of applied research in terms of its purpose and a part of descriptive-survey research in terms of its nature. The statistical population of all teachers who graduated from Farhangian University of Kurdistan province, who were selected using Cochran's formula with an unlimited population, consisted of 384 participants. The research instruments included Maslach job burnout questionnaire (1981), Amabil et al.'s (1994) intrinsic motivation questionnaire. In addition, Lawrence and Jordan's (2009) questionnaire was used to measure the level of motive incongruence, which includes explicit and implicit motivation. The content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by experts and the KMO & Bartlet test, and the reliability of the questionnaire was calculated using Cronbach's alpha method for job burnout (0.716), motive incongruence (0.745), and intrinsic motivation (0.731). The results showed that the chi-square ratio to the degree of freedom (X2/df), the significance level (P-Value) and the root mean square (RMSEA) of the conceptual model of the researchwere well fitted and appropriate. In addition, the results indicated that there is a negative relationship between the motive incongruence and intrinsic motivation with the factor loading value (-5.16). Moreover, there was an inverse relationship between intrinsic motivation and job burnout with factor load (-7.13) and a positive and direct relationship between motive incongruence and job burnout with factor load (6.85).

The present research was conducted with the aim of designing a model of work attachment of primary school teachers with a mixed approach.

The research method in the qualitative part is foundational data theorizing and in the quantitative part, it is a survey. The statistical sample in the qualitative section is 14 experts in the fields of behavioral and educational sciences, behavior and human resources of the education organization in Iran, who were selected through the snowball method. In the quantitative part, the statistical population is all the official and contractual primary school teachers of Markazi province in 2019, whose number was 5503. The sampling method in the quantitative stage is the stratified random method proportionate to the selected volume. To determine the sample size, 384 people were selected on the basis of Morgan's table.

The results of the research in the qualitative part indicated that conditions such as individual, interpersonal and organizational factors cause teachers' belonging behavior to be formed in psychological and behavioral dimensions. On the other hand, these factors make the strategies of learning, growth and excellence, productivity and performance management to be defined, and they have consequences, including the promotion of intra-role and extra-role performance. The results of the research in the quantitative part indicated that all the components of teachers' work commitment are at a higher than average level.

Teachers' job satisfaction is one of the most important factors that should be given more attention in education system policies in order to improve individual and organizational performance.
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This study seeks to investigate the effect of coaching training on burnout and psychological well-being among nurses working in patients with covid-19. The theoretical framework of the research was inspired by Maslash three-factor model and different approaches to psychological well-being. The research method in this research was quasi-experimental and the data collection tool was Maslash burnout questionnaire and Reef psychological well-being questionnaire. The validity of the instrument was confirmed by the face method and its reliability by Cronbach's alpha. The statistical sample size of the study according to the quasi-experimental research method was 30 nurses who were purposefully selected from the statistical population (shahid sadoughi hospitalof yazd accepting covid-19). Thirty selected nurses, who were screened among other nurses with research questionnaires, were selected and randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups (15 in each group). Descriptive statistics were used to calculate the mean and standard deviation of research variables and show the frequency and related graphs, and inferential statistics were used to test the hypotheses. Before testing the hypotheses, the assumption of homogeneity of variances was tested by Levin test in all variables of the two groups. Analysis of covariance was used to analyze inferential statistics data. The results showed that coaching training is effective on nurses' psychological well-being (P <0.05). Coaching training is effective on nurses' burnout (P <0.05).Keywords: coaching training, burnout, psychological well-being, nurses, Covid 19.

Students' moral behaviors can be related to identity components and their perception of social interactions. This research aimed to investigate the mediating role of perception of social interaction in the relationship between moral behavior and identity dimensions among students.
Research The research method was descriptive-correlation and the statistical population included all senior high-school students of the second period in Hamedan city in the academic year 2021-2022. Two hundred and fifty students were selected by a multi-stage cluster sampling method. The data collection tools were Moral Behavior, Types of Identity, and Perception of Social Interaction questionnaires. Data analysis was done with the Structural Equation Modeling method by Lisrel software.
The findings indicated that the proposed model has a good fit with the experimental data (x2/df = 1.86, GFI = 0.92, NFI = 0.96, CFI = 0.95, and 0.059 = RMSEA). The results of the Structural Equation Modeling indicate that the perception of social interaction has a significant mediating role in the relationship between moral behavior and identity dimensions. The results of the Sobel test also indicated that the perception of positive interaction (P < 0.01, Z = 4.55) and the perception of negative interaction (P < 0.01, Z = 8.89) have a significant mediating role in the relationship between moral behavior and identity dimensions.
Based on the findings of this research, it can be said that the moral behavior among students is related to the type of identity they have formed; and in this regard, the students' perception of their interactive patterns is also effective.

The aim of this study was predicting the emergence of immoral behaviors in schools based on job insecurity and burnout of teachers and staff. The method of the present study is descriptive-correlational. The statistical population included all primary school teachers and staff in Zanjan, from among whom, based on Morgan table, 200 people were selected using random sampling procedure. In order to collect data, The Job Insecurity (2005), Burnout (1985) and Peterson’s (2002) Immoral Behaviors Questionnaires were used. Pearson correlation, multiple linear regression and one-way analysis of variance were used to analyze the data using SPSS software version 26. Findings from the test of the hypotheses showed that there was a significant relationship between job insecurity and burnout with immoral behaviors. Also, based on the correlation coefficient and the coefficient of determination, there was a strong and positive relationship between burnout and immoral behaviors. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that the emergence of insecurity and burnout leads to the prevalence of unethical behavior among teachers and staff.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between teachers' attitudes toward change and job burnout in the Covid-19 pandemic with the mediating role of virtual education acceptance. The research method was descriptive-correlation and in particular modeling of structural equations. From the statistical population of teachers in Khuzestan and Ilam provinces in the academic year 2021-2022, 353 people were selected by cluster random sampling. The research instruments were the Dunham et al, standard questionnaire of attitude towards change, 1989; Hosseini et al.e admission e-learning questionnaire, 2014; Maslach & Jackson job burnout questionnaire, 1997. The results showed a significant direct relationship between teachers attitudes toward change and virtual education acceptance(p<0.01), a direct relationship between virtual education acceptance and burnout was significant(p<0.01), but the direct relationship between attitudes toward change and burnout was not statistically significant (P >0.05). There was a significant indirect relationship between attitudes toward change and burnout through e-learning(p<0.01). Therefore, it can be said that a positive attitude towards change, by affecting the acceptance rate of e-learning in teachers, indirectly predicts burnout in the period of the covid-19 pandemic.

In an organization's environment, human factors are exposed to various nervous and psychological pressures that negatively affect people's performance. The purpose of this study is to predict job burnout based on organizational culture and job satisfaction of employees of Shahid Beheshti University.

The present study was descriptive-correlation type, with the statistical population of all university employees in 1992. The statistical sample was 132 people who were selected using a random sampling method. The research was collected using Maslash's job burnout questionnaires, Hofstede's organizational culture, and Barry Field's and Ruth's job satisfaction questionnaires. The obtained data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient, linear regression analysis, and t-test.

The results showed a significant negative relationship between organizational culture and job burnout and a significant positive relationship between organizational culture and job satisfaction. Also, there is a positive and significant relationship between job burnout and job satisfaction; Organizational culture and job satisfaction can predict employee burnout. Also, there was a significant difference in job satisfaction between male and female employees, but no difference was seen in organizational culture and job burnout in both sexes.

Based on the findings of this research, a collaborative organizational culture creates the highest level of job satisfaction and the lowest level of job burnout.

in the environment of an organization, human factors are exposed to various nervous and psychological pressures, which leave many negative effects on people's performance; The purpose of this study is to predict job burnout based on organizational culture and job satisfaction of employees of Shahid Beheshti University.

The present study was descriptive of the correlation type and the statistical population of all university employees in 1992. The statistical sample was 132 people who were selected using random sampling method. The research was collected using Moslesh's job burnout questionnaires, Hofstede's organizational culture and Barry Field's and Ruth's job satisfaction questionnaires. The obtained data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient, linear regression analysis and t-test.

The results showed that there is a significant negative relationship between organizational culture and job burnout and a significant positive relationship between organizational culture and job satisfaction. Also, there is a positive and significant relationship between job burnout and job satisfaction; Organizational culture and job satisfaction can predict employee burnout. Also, there was a significant difference in job satisfaction between male and female employees, but no difference was seen in organizational culture and job burnout in both sexes.

Based on the findings of this research, it appears that cooperative organizational culture creates the highest level of job satisfaction and the lowest level of job burnout.

The aim of this study was to predict burnout based on personality traits and self-efficacy in primary teachers in Kerman. The research method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of this study included all primary school teachers in Kerman in the academic year of 1398-99 in the number of 145 people. Using the numerical sampling method, 145 teachers were selected as a sample, of which 132 were Participated in the research. Measurement tools were the Maslash Burnout Questionnaire (1981), the Neo Costa and McCurry (1992) Five-Factor Personality Questionnaire, and the Scherrer et al. (1979) Self-Efficacy Questionnaire. Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression using SPSS-22 software were used to analyze the data. The results showed that personality traits and self-efficacy were able to predict burnout. According to the results, by increasing the level of self-efficacy and improving the personality traits of primary teachers, burnout can be prevented.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of mediating teachers' work engagement in character strengths with burnout. The participants were 320 secondary school teachers from Semnan who were selected by simple random sampling method. All of them completed the questionnaires of Peterson and Seligman Values in Action Inventory of Strengths, Maslach Job Burnout and Bakker & Schaufeli work engagement. The hypothesized model was tested using structural equation modeling and LISREL software. The findings showed that the model was fitted. Direct structural effect of character strengths on burnout was not significant. Character strengths in the mediation of work engagement on the burnout of teachers have a direct and significant structural effect.Considering work engagement of teachers as an important factor in facilitating burnout in educational institutions is important. According to the results of this study, it is suggested that educational officials consider the development and implementation of character strengths recognition and empowerment programs to increase work engagement and reduce teachers' burnout.

The purpose of this study was to job burnout's structural analyse in teachers based on professional development and participatory Management of school in Tabriz education districts.This research is a descriptive-correlational based on structural equations model study considering the relationship between professional development variable with job burnout variable as well as mediated by participatory management. Also, this research is a cross-sectional study with a wide range of researches. The statistical population of the study consisted of all girls' secondary school teachers in Tabriz's educational districts, who spent between 1 and 10 years of their service. The number of teachers in the lower 10 years background is 126. The sampling method in this study was relative stratified random according to area. The sample size is 100 people per community of 130 according to Morgan's table. The sample size was divided into 5 unequal classes divided into five districts and teachers. The following questionnaires were used for data collection:Professional Development QuestionnaireIn this study, a questionnaire was developed to measure the professional development of teachers using the Kentucky Professional Development Standards Questionnaire. The Kentucky State Standards for Professional Standards for Teacher Preparation and Certification has designed nine standards and has reviewed and revised them from 1 to 5 years. Different standards are used to measure each standard in separate batches, ranging from very low to very high five options. The Teachers' Professional Standards Development Questionnaire has 70 questions. The reliability of the questionnaire was evaluated by applying it on 30 teachers of the statistical society and Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.82. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed and confirmed by content validity using twelve professors or educational groups.Burnout Questionnaire:This test is made by Maxwell, which is based on a new estimate of the phenomenon of stress, namely burnout. The questionnaire consists of three items that measure emotional exhaustion, deterioration, and lack of personal success in the context of professional activity, and are especially used to measure and prevent burnout in professional groups such as nurses, teachers, and others (Azizi et al., 2008). The items were scored on a 5-point Likert scale. When studying this scale by the subject, one expresses his / her feeling with regard to the options available. The questions (1, 2, 3, 6, 8, 13, 14, 16, 20) are related to the emotional exhaustion subscale. The questions (5, 10, 11, 15, 22) are also related to the de-personalization subscale (as well as the questions (4, 7, 9, 12, 17, 18, 19, 21). Individual success (individual performance). Questions (6, 8, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15, 16, 20, 22, 1, 2, 3, 5) This questionnaire is inversely rated for ratings and questions (4, 7, 9, 12, 17 , 18, 19, 21) are calculated directly. In a study conducted by Khaledi in Iran in 1996, the validity of the questionnaire was reported to be 0.91, and Badri, in 2000, the validity of the Maslach burnout questionnaire with emotional exhaustion (0.90); depersonalization of personality (0.79); Confirmed individual performance (0.71) (Saatchi & Asgarian, 2014). The reliability of the questionnaire in this study was estimated by 30 teachers for emotional exhaustion (0.79); depersonalization of personality (0.8); personal performance (0.78) and for the whole questionnaire (0.82). Is.Participatory Management QuestionnaireThe questionnaire consists of 40 items on a 5-point scale that assess the extent to which principals use a school-based participatory management style from the teachers' perspective. This questionnaire was designed and used by Fakali in 2016 and has a reliability of 0.89. The reliability of the questionnaire in the present study was estimated to be 0.84 with 30 teachers. Structural equation modeling with PLS software was used to analyze the data and test the research hypotheses.Also analysis of statistical data and design of structural equation model with PLS software showed:Job burnout of teachers based on professional development in girls' secondary schools in Tabriz education districts can be predicted using structural equation modeling.Job burnout of teachers based on participatory management in girls' secondary schools in Tabriz education districts cannot be predicted using structural equation modeling.Participatory management is predictable based on the professional development of teachers recruited in girls' secondary schools in Tabriz by using structural equation modeling.The correlation matrix between variables indicates that there is a significant (0.73) positive relationship between professional development and participatory management. There is a significant inverse relationship between participatory management and professional development with job burnout and its components.The coefficient of explanation for burnout based on participatory management is not significant because the T value is less than 1.96 and the significance level is above 0.05. And other predictors of job burnout and its components based on professional development with T value higher than 1.96 and significance level less than 0.05 are significant. The coefficient of path of predicting burnout based on professional development in the studied teachers is 0.73 and this value is 0.737 in explaining teachers' participation in school management based on professional development.Findings showed that participatory management and job burnout of teachers based on professional development in girls' secondary schools in Tabriz education districts can be predicted using structural equation modeling.

The aim of this research was determine the relationship between psychological capital and burnout with mediated the social responsibility perception in nurses.

This was a cross-sectional correlational study. The research population was the nurses of Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2020 year, which 600 of them (300 men and 300 women) were selected as a sample by multi-stage cluster sampling method. The research instruments were the questionnaires of psychological capital (Luthans et al, 2007), burnout (Maslach & Jackson, 1981) and social responsibility perception (Carroll, 1979). Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficients and structural equation modeling.

The results showed that the model of psychological capital and burnout with mediated the social responsibility perception of nurses had a good fit. In addition, psychological capital had a significant direct effect on nurses' social responsibility perception and psychological capital and social responsibility perception had a significant direct effect on their burnout. Also, psychological capital had a significant indirect effect on nurses' burnout through the mediated of social responsibility perception (P˂0.05).

According to the results, to reduce the burnout of nurses can improve the amount of psychological capital and perception of social responsibility in them through workshops. Other findings showed that psychological capital had a significant indirect effect on nurses' burnout through mediation of social responsibility perception.