فضای مجازی

This research tries to introduce virtual education with the view of homework review, related issues in Iranian schools, and pays more attention to educational designers and programmers to move towards virtualization. The method of this research is qualitative and in the form of direct observation of Farhangian University skills. The results indicate that the role of education in the growth and development of the country, especially primary education, is very important and should be taken seriously. Be compassionate and knowledgeable to be trained professionally. In this regard, a beautiful educational environment should be designed for these schools and their management should be left to knowledgeable and experienced people. Today, cyberspace is one of the most effective tools in education. However, teaching in this environment creates problems for the audience and doubles the heavy mission of a teacher. Teachers with self-awareness, self-fulfillment and spiritual influence in the hearts of students, in the light of proper education and institutionalization of high religious and Islamic values ​​will be able to transform society from within and lead to excellence, growth and prosperity, and God-centered and Educate creators of Islamic ethics.

Cyberspace, given its unique capabilities, can have both positive and negative impacts. However, if individuals engage with this space naively and without adequate knowledge, they may become vulnerable to its negative effects. Children are among the most significant and sensitive groups exposed to the potential harms of cyberspace. Within this context, the central research question is: What are the religious and ethical risks of cyberspace for children, and what strategies can mitigate these risks? To address this question, the hypothesis posits that a lack of awareness, insufficient parental supervision, and the absence of appropriate frameworks for safe and effective use of cyberspace expose children to the weakening of Islamic beliefs, moral deviations, and ethical exploitation. This study employs a library-based method for data collection and an analytical approach for data processing. The findings indicate that while cyberspace holds immense potential for learning, creativity, and innovation, it should not be simplistically regarded as a safe environment for children's engagement. Thus, precaution, heightened awareness, supervision, and the enforcement of restrictions are critical strategies to prevent religious and ethical harms in cyberspace for children.

The primary aim of this research was to investigate the relationship between the level of cyberspace use, social anxiety, and short-term memory function among senior high school female students in Shiraz. This study was applied in nature and descriptive, specifically correlational. The statistical population consisted of all senior high school female students in District 2 of Shiraz, comprising 4,219 individuals. Using Morgan’s table for sample size determination, 340 individuals were selected as the sample size; the sampling method was stratified random sampling. Data were collected using the Internet Addiction Questionnaire by Sadeghzadeh et al. (2018), the Social Anxiety Questionnaire by Connor et al. (2000), and the Weschler Memory Scale (1939).  Correlation and regression analyses were employed to test the hypotheses. The findings revealed a significant relationship between cyberspace use and social anxiety (r = 0.678; p < 0.0001). It was also found that internet use significantly affected various dimensions of social anxiety (fear, avoidance, and physiological distress) (p < 0.0001). Furthermore, a significant negative relationship was identified between cyberspace use and short-term memory (r = -0.510; p < 0.0001). Ultimately, excessive internet use among students was found to exacerbate social anxiety and diminish short-term memory performance.

Cyberspace is recognized as one of the most important arenas of social and economic interactions in the contemporary world. With the increasing use of the Internet and digital media, cybercrime has also become a serious challenge for various societies. This article analyzes and examines strategic plans for the representation and prevention of crime in cyberspace with a social prevention approach. In this research, the role of social media and online space in shaping criminal behavior and cyber threats has been examined and an attempt has been made to present models for combating these crimes. The research method is descriptive-analytical and, using existing sources and scientific data analysis, effective factors in committing crimes in cyberspace are identified and solutions are presented to prevent them. This article also emphasizes the importance of social participation, public education, and the use of new technologies in preventing cybercrime. Finally, the conclusions and recommendations of the research emphasize the importance of creating synergy between government, private, and civil society institutions in order to reduce and prevent online crimes.

The purpose of the research was to design and validate the curriculum framework for reducing the risk of cyberspace harm for the elementary school. In the qualitative part, the theme analysis method was used and in the quantitative part, survey method was used. The participants of the qualitative section, in addition to the sources and texts, were specialists in educational sciences and cyberspace, who were selected in a targeted way and with the snowball technique. The research tools in the qualitative part were sandblasting and surveying along with semi-structured interviews with key informants. In quantitative section, the statistical society included elementary school teachers (264 people), 152 people were selected based on Morgan table using convenience sampling method. The research samples in the quantitative part were selected from elementary school teachers in Khorameh city based on Morgan's table in the available way. The research tool in the quantitative part was a researcher-made questionnaire, derived from the qualitative part. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the qualitative data and confirmatory factor analysis was used in the quantitative part. In the qualitative part, 554 semantic codes were classified in the form of 112 basic themes, 29 organizing themes of level 1 and 6 organizing themes of level 2, and the initial framework was formed. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis of the quantitative part showed that the goal with a factor load of 0.87, content with a factor load of 0.78, teaching-learning methods with a factor load of 0.77, logic with a factor load of 0.75 0, learning resources with a factor load of 0.69 and methods of evaluation with a factor load of 0.60 respectively were the explanations of the mentioned curriculum framework. Also, the Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.989 indicated the high validity of the elements of the curriculum framework for reducing the risk of harm from cyberspace in the elementary school.This framework has been designed and validated through a scientific and methodological process and can be used as a reference for policymakers, planners, and textbook authors, as well as teachers.

The purpose of this research was to investigate the factors of psychological and social harms of using virtual space in Aja employees. The type of applied research and research method is descriptive-qualitative with quantitative-qualitative (mixed) data analysis approach. The studied community of Payor Aja employees includes officers, rank-and-file and employees in the General Staff, Nezaja, Aja and Ndaja forces. The sample size based on Morgan's table is 383 people. In this research, the library method was used, with the receipt of documents and related sources, and in the field method, interviews with experts and questionnaires were used. Mean and standard deviation were used for data analysis in the descriptive statistics section, and Pearson's correlation coefficient tests and one-way analysis of variance were used in the inferential statistics section. The findings showed that between the dimensions of social damage; Divorce, addiction, unemployment and sexual deviations with extreme use of virtual space had a significant correlation at the P<0.05 level, but between the dimensions of social harm; Suicide and theft with excessive use of virtual space, significant correlation, no significant relationship was obtained. between the dimensions of mental injuries; (physicalization, obsessive compulsiveness, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, morbid anxiety, paranoid thoughts, psychoticism) and excessive use of virtual space had a significant correlation at P<0.01 level. In sum, the results of this research stated that excessive use of virtual space causes damage in various social and psychological dimensions.dimensions

This article was done with the aim of designing a national media policy model on the audio and video content of virtual space with an emphasis on the fifth generation internet. The current article is an applied-developmental research in terms of its purpose, and it is a survey-cross-sectional research from the point of view of the data collection method. The community of participants in the qualitative section includes managers with experience of the Supreme Council of Virtual Space and in the quantitative section it also includes media activists of the country. To analyze the expert interviews, the qualitative analysis of the theme and the data from the questionnaire were also analyzed with the partial least squares method. The results showed that the overarching themes of the model are: foundational factors, technical factors, and media-related factors. The foundational factors include managerial, legal and cultural factors; Technical factors include technology factors and fifth generation internet and finally media-related factors include: interaction with new media, national media policy, social responsibility of national media and multimedia content of virtual space. Also, the research findings showed that, based on the research model, managerial, legal, scientific and cultural factors have an impact on national media policy making. On the other hand, the 5th generation internet provides basic conditions and the social responsibility of the national media is also an intervening factor that affects the interaction with new media. Finally, by interacting with new media, it is possible to develop the multimedia content of virtual space

Cyberspace has significantly influenced the growth and development of teenagers in various ways. This study aims to examine the role of cyberspace in shaping the ecosystem that supports the growth and excellence of contemporary Iranian teenagers. Using a descriptive-applied approach, the research gathered and categorized information from books and articles to identify the effects of cyberspace on adolescents. Thematic analysis was employed to interpret the data. Based on the study's findings, a conceptual model of cyberspace's impact on the growth and excellence ecosystem for contemporary Iranian teenagers was developed. The model identifies seven main organizing themes: (1) the adverse effects of cyberspace on teenagers' beliefs, (2) the emotional impact of cyberspace on teenagers, (3) the behavioral impact of cyberspace on teenagers, (4) the effects of cyberspace on family dynamics, (5) the effects of cyberspace on general social affairs, (6) the effects of cyberspace on institutional social affairs, and (7) the positive potential of cyberspace in supporting adolescent development.

Given the widespread use of the internet among the youth, adolescents in particular have the potential of being harmed by the sexual content that they come across. Although both parents and school administrators are concerned about the possible damages suffered by students when confronting pornography on the web, no practically serious intervention is undertaken to prevent such harms. To define such strategies, the views of 54 adolescents of 15-18 years old were sought through extensive interviews on the subject. The responses are categorized in three levels: 1. Introduction of comprehensive courses on relationships, marriage, and the internet; 2. providing reliable counselling services at schools; 3. reevaluation of the current educational content on the topic. Such interventions, along other strategies at the personal, family, and social levels, could be of use to policymakers and curriculum developers in order to help the students with the challenges they face in this area.

The aim of this study is to design a model for collaborative learning in virtual environments, specifically focusing on the Islamic Azad Universities in Tehran. The research is applied in terms of its goal, employs qualitative data, and is exploratory in nature, based on a grounded theory approach. The study population consists of experts, and 15 experts were selected for interviews through theoretical sampling of the snowball type, based on theoretical data saturation. A semi-structured interview was used as the research tool, organizing the dimensions, components, and indicators of the collaborative learning model in virtual environments. Initially, several models, findings, studies, and national and global theories were reviewed to create the interview form. Subsequently, open coding was used to identify indicators, and axial coding categorized them into dimensions, components, and indicators, which were then sent to the 15 experts. Through selective coding, interviews, the Delphi method, and brainstorming, the dimensions and components were identified. As a result, three dimensions, nine components, and 62 indicators for the virtual collaborative learning model were finalized. Following the experts' final validation and prioritization, the model's dimensions, components, and indicators were mapped, and the model was re-validated by experts.

Today’s era is known as the era of cyberspace, which experts describe as a double-edged sword. On one hand, the significant influence of cyberspace on all aspects of social life is undeniable, and on the other hand, its harms and threats have also drawn the attention of experts. The aim of the present research is to propose a content model for parental education to prevent the harm of cyberspace among students. This research employs a qualitative method and is applied in nature. The statistical population of this research consists of specialists in the field of cyberspace, with a sample of 11 experts selected using theoretical saturation and convenience sampling. The data collection methods include a review of the literature and semi-structured interviews with experts and specialists. To validate the findings, expert opinions were used, and to ensure reliability, the coefficient of agreement between coders was applied. Data analysis was performed using coding methods. The findings indicated that the content of parental education for preventing cyberspace harm should encompass three components: knowledge (benefits of cyberspace, understanding cyberspace harms, and enhancing parental awareness), attitudes, and skills (technological skills, parenting, and life skills). It can be concluded that by developing their knowledge, skills, and attitudes toward cyberspace, parents can reduce the risks associated with cyberspace for their children to some extent.

The issue of writing should be considered as a historical situation that has made it possible to produce and record knowledge and information. The position of writing is dependent on the tools that enable ideas to transform into the materiality of the writing. Therefore, with the change of writing tools, the possibilities of creating ideas and producing knowledge, along with publishing tools, have also changed. Therefore, the main goal of the article is to clarify the function of and the sharing of writing in the digital situation by the social science faculty members. For the social science professor, the position of writing is the most important and main position of knowledge production for a social scientist. The position of writing about the community for the community, in social networks, what new positions has it activated? To answer this question, an in-depth interview was conducted with 6 social scientists who are faculty members, and the data were coded in MAXQDA software. Based on the obtained results, the position of writing in social networks has led to rapid writing in the face of the rhythm of the movement of forces shaping the space-time of the current situation and creating an imagination of it. The rapid writing is to generate information and create propositional knowledge about the issues of the present time. The rapid writing is related to the contemporary living characteristic of the social scientist, where knowledge and information flows affect each other.

The purpose of this research was the paradigm model of electronic content production training to prepare teachers to teach in the virtual space of elementary schools in Bushehr province. The present research method was qualitative and practical in terms of purpose. The statistical population included managers and experts of electronic content production training centers and faculty members of Farhangian universities and professors of the educational management department in Bushehr universities. The sampling method in qualitative approach was non-random (targeted) and in the form of snowball.In order to determine the sample size, considering that the criterion of sample adequacy in qualitative research was theoretical saturation, for this reason interviews were conducted with 15 experts until theoretical saturation. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview. For data analysis, the method of foundational data theory, coding and analysis was used.The findings showed that the central category of the quality of education is the production of electronic content to prepare teachers to teach in the virtual space, a function of causal conditions (1-learning environment, 2-content editing, 3-planning, 4-implementation and support), background conditions (1-infrastructures technical 2-teachers' basic knowledge and skills) and intervening conditions (1-evaluation 2-educational strategies of the organization).These factors create the conditions for the implementation of actions and interactions (1-determining the topics of content production in educational books of educators 2-creating motivation in teachers 3-holding consecutive courses while serving 4-improving technical infrastructures 5-using educated and experienced teachers 6-training in time and suitable place) provides the consequences (1-1-increasing academic performance 2-creating educational justice 3-increasing the quality of education 4-increasing teacher productivity). And finally, the findings of the confirmatory factor analysis of the quantitative part showed that the presented model has a suitable scientific validity.

Nowadays, virtual technology has left its impact on all the aspects and dimensions of human life. As with the emergence of traditional and industrial technologies in the past, people's ideas about many things, including lifestyles, production and productivity processes, work and labor systems, industrial and professional services, social relations and education, etc., have changed. Concepts have also undergone semantic and conceptual transformations. For example, the emergence of concepts such as cyber democracy, technological revolution, media literacy, digital enlightenment, digital identity, and... are also among the changes and transformations that have occurred under the influence of the emergence of new technologies. In this article, we will mention the consequences of the evolution of new technologies in the field of education and especially the turns that occur in education and training due to technological advances.

The purpose of this research is to present the small business model in cyberspace with an entrepreneurial approach. In terms of practical purpose, the research is survey-descriptive; in terms of data collection, the research approach is inductive reasoning and exploratory mixed research strategy in which qualitative research is used in the first stage and quantitative research in the second stage. The method of collecting information in the qualitative part was in-depth interviews. For this purpose, theoretical sampling was done from the research community, which includes experts and managers in the field of business in virtual space and professors in the field of software (business). In this way, with thirty people interviews have been conducted. In the quantitative part of the research, data were collected using a questionnaire. The sampling method was stratified random in a proportional way. To determine the sample size in a limited population, 77 people were selected by using Cochran's method. In the qualitative part (grounded theory), data analysis was used on the basic theory and the coding process. In the quantitative part of the research, after collecting and summarizing the data, descriptive tests, exploratory factor analysis and exploratory structural equation modeling were used using SPSS 24 and PLS Smart 2 software. The findings showed that knowing human relations, investing in entrepreneurship, keeping up with the fast-paced changes in the world, requirements of virtual business, knowing the characteristics of the market and characteristics of the buyer, are the effective factors on the small business model in the virtual space with an entrepreneurial approach

The concept of human dignity is one of the fundamental and very important issues in the philosophy of ethics that has always been the focus of the Islamic religion. This issue is important from three aspects: first, dignity in humans is a type of spiritual perfection; that is, it essentially belongs to the soul; but the body also benefits from this dignity as a tool and servant of the soul, and every human being has the inherent and indisputable right to respect, dignity, and self-esteem, which is respected by everyone regardless of credit and social contracts such as gender, color, race, etc.; second, it is the preserver of many divine and human values ​​and leads to the regulation of relationships between humans; third, today, social media, and especially cyberspace, including Instagram, is considered the most efficient tool for transmitting information and meeting the needs and demands of public opinion, and is expanding and expanding at a tremendous pace. Therefore, this issue has affected the concept of human dignity in various dimensions and areas. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to examine the status of human dignity indicators from the perspective of Islam at the individual level (case study: users of the virtual network Instagram). The applied research method is descriptive-survey and the statistical population includes 300 Instagram users. To measure human dignity, the Human Dignity Indicators Questionnaire was used (Afkhami-Rouhani et al., 2014) and independent t-test, analysis of variance and F-test were used to analyze the data. According to the findings, Instagram has had a negative impact on the dimensions of human dignity at the individual level of users and has caused cultural and religious changes in people.

Various changes in various fields, especially with the revolution in cultural communications, have affected people's views of themselves, their families, and their expectations of married life. With the emergence and rapid development of media technologies that have led to the growth and increasing diversity of sexual acts and the formation of a new type of sexual act called "virtual sexual act," the security of meeting the emotional and sexual needs of spouses within the family has been threatened. Among the results of this research is that communication within the family requires the exchange of feelings and thoughts between husband and wife verbally and nonverbally in the form of listening, pausing, and facial expressions with each other; while the widespread use of cyberspace - despite the positive consequences of facilitating communication - has led to the formation of a feeling of loneliness and a decrease in the amount of interaction and intimacy between couples, which has led to the weakening of their positive feelings towards each other.The findings of this study, which was conducted using a descriptive-analytical method and based on library resources, show that the gradual change in the attitude of cyberspace users towards marriage and family is due to the uncensored representation of sexual acts in which the distinction between reality and fantasy, surface and depth, or reality and illusion, is distorted, and as a result, the formation of a culture of hyperreality leads to a preference for virtual sex over a real sexual partner and coldness of emotional relationships, which is reflected in an increase in the rate of divorce, abnormalities in sexual behavior in the form of sexual deviations and masturbation, etc.

in terms of practical purpose and in terms of simple random sampling, it is appropriate for the volume and collection of descriptive-surveillance data. The population includes all children from the first to the fifth grade in Rah Danesh Boys' Primary School with 350 students and Parvin Etisami Girls' Primary School with 370 students located in Sanandaj city, with a statistical sample of 250 students using Cochran's formula. The standard questionnaires of the use of virtual space by Lee et al. (2008) and the emotional well-being of Keyes and Magyarmo (2003) were distributed among the target samples and after collecting them, the data were analyzed using PLS software. The findings showed that 1- there is a significant relationship between the use of virtual space and emotional well-being, 2- gender plays a moderating role between the use of virtual space and well-being, and 3- the hours of using virtual space play a moderating role between the use of virtual space virtuality and emotional well-being. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between the use of virtual space and emotional wellbeing, the moderating role of hours of use of virtual space and gender in children of Sanandaj city.