attitudes

The aim of this study was to investigate how to plan curriculum during coronary heart disease, based on the opinions of teachers in Shush. This research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of data collection method, qualitative and based on phenomenological approach. The population of the study participants includes teachers and managers of Shousha city, which was selected using theoretical purposive sampling method of 21 people. Data collection tools included semi-structured interviews. Claizey (1978) seven-step coding method was used to analyze the data. Findings of this study according to pre-determined goals, including the role of the Ministry of Education, Khuzestan Education Department, Shush Education, principals, teachers, parents, students, social networks in planning During coronary heart disease, as well as the tools and facilities required during this period and the limitations and challenges of planning during the coronary period are identified. The results showed that with the outbreak of the coronavirus, the Ministry of Education started distance and part-time planning and education. Teachers, as the main executors of the curriculum, have had a significant impact on planning during the Corona period and play a fundamental role in the quality of teaching and learning for students

The purpose of the research was to identify the attitude of teachers towards mistakes and making mistakes in the learning process and to improve the culture of dealing with it in front of elementary school students. To achieve this goal, the interpretive paradigm, qualitative approach and phenomenological strategy of Van Manen and descriptive-analytical type were used. The field of research included the primary teachers of Kurdistan in the academic year of 2023-2024, who were selected by purposeful criterion-based sampling in the number of 12 until reaching the saturation level. The research tool was a semi-structured interview conducted by the researcher and the data format was audio. Deductive-inductive technique was used to analyze the data. The findings were analyzed in two parts: the first part, teachers' attitudes and behaviors towards students' mistakes, which included five themes, four categories, and 55 themes, and the second part, teachers' strategies to improve the culture of making mistakes, including two themes and 22 themes. Was. The results showed that the attitude and perception of the teachers about making mistakes is not very favorable and they rarely consider it as a natural part of the learning process. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to promoting the culture of making mistakes by holding training courses on the culture of facing mistakes for teachers. In this regard, creating a supportive atmosphere in creating a culture of making mistakes in schools has a significant role in the education of students and improving the quality of the educational system.

The purpose of this research was to develop and validate the pattern of time management skills for the first secondary school . The research method is purposeful, applied and developmental in terms of the type of qualitative-quantitative research. In the qualitative part, by means of content analysis, the constituent items of time management skills components were identified through the review of scientific texts. The tool used in this study was review of texts. For the validity and reliability of the qualitative part, the techniques of reliability were used, and for the quantitative part, content validity and Cronbach's alpha were used. Quantitative research data using a researcher-made questionnaire based on the findings of the qualitative section of 325 by random sampling method among teachers and school principals with academic and experimental backgrounds in the fields of psychology, counseling, educational management and curriculum were collected and analyzed by confirmatory factor analysis. Based on the results obtained in the qualitative section, the time management skills model has 54 categories and 14 components, including knowledge about their cognitive system, knowledge about time management, knowledge about time management strategies, basic knowledge about time management, Positive attitude towards time, sense of responsibility, self-confidence, resilience and perseverance, self-regulation, systems thinking, creative thinking, critical thinking, flexibility, planning, implementation, evaluation, monitoring and review and 3 organizing themes including cognitive, attitudinal, and time management skill that has been endorsed by first secondary school teachers.

The purpose of this study is to investigate and understand the viewpoints of professors and specialists in educational sciences towards massive open online courses (MOOCs). Thus, a qualitative approach and thematic analysis method was adopted. The statistical society of this research includes the professors and specialists in the field of educational sciences who participated in at least two MOOCs, out of which 9 people were selected by purposeful sampling. Then, the researcher attempted to collect data through semi-structured interviews to reach theoretical saturation. Interviews were analyzed using the method of Brown and Clark (2006). Finally, three themes, 11 main themes and 36 sub-themes were identified. According to the research findings, feelings and attitudes before and after participating in the MOOCs included the main themes such as the first doubt and the final satisfaction. MOOC capabilities were also identified in terms of objectives, content, teaching methods and evaluation. Also, the challenges of using MOOC in Iran have included technical, educational, cultural, economic and moral issues. In the end, reevaluation and provision of appropriate mechanisms to mitigate the effects of potential threats and promote positive situations is emphasized and a few applicable recommendations have been provided.

There is a clear correlation between the quality of early childhood educational programs and future academic and social success of a person. Therefore, the present study investigated mothers' attitudes toward cognitive-social skills of preschool children.

The present study was qualitative-descriptive phenomenological research. The sample consisted of 20 mothers selected by a targeted sampling with two criterions including at least a bachelor degree and one child in preschool age. The data of this study were analyzed based on the lived experiences of mothers and by conducting semi-structured interviews about mothers' attitudes toward cognitive-social skills of children. In order to verify the validity and formality of the interview questions, professors of psychology and experts in qualitative research had been consulted. Then, all obtained data were analyzed by the seven-step Colaizzi and MAXODA software version 18.

The present study eventuated in 2 main themes, seven subsets of cognitive skills consisted of dynamic memory, visual processing, recognition, recall and information processing, problem solving and purposeful plays, and four subsets of social skills including family, training classes, communication with peers and qualifications in social skills.

As children's success at school depends on events they have experienced before the school age, it seems necessary to engage them in basic skills improvement programs such as cognitive and social skills improvement programs which appear essential for later academic success at school age.

The purpose of this study was to systematically study and present a meta-synthesis of theoretical models and research related to the consequences of aesthetic education based on attitudes (beliefs, values) and skills. The research approach was qualitative using a cross-cutting research methodology. The data were analyzed using inductive content analysis with a directional approach, in which recent research was systematically selected, and the content was analyzed and categorized. The study corpus included subject-related research published from 2000 to 2019 in reputable national and international academic data bases. Finally, among the 60 articles and books, 47 were selected by purposive sampling. First, the theoretical bases and the main themes were extracted, coded and classified. The results indicated the conceptual model in the three main classes of attitudes (beliefs, values), cognitive skills and practical (experimental) skills. It should be mentioned that categories overlap in some respects. The results of aesthetic education in the development of consequences such as understanding and enjoyment of beauty, social action, promotion of thinking, learning-based experiences and semantic connection with the real world were emphasized.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the attitudes and tendencies of Fars university students toward applied ethics lessons. The research method was descriptive-survey and the statistical population included all students of Farhangian University of Fars province. The sample size was 542 students based on Morgan's table and selected by stratified random sampling method. The results showed that: The attitude of the students of Farhangian University of Fars toward the applied ethics lesson is significantly higher than the acceptable level and is lower than the desirable level. There is a significant difference between the attitude of male and female students towards applied ethics lessons. The first year students have a more favorable attitude toward applied ethics than second year students. Students in Islamic Studies have a more favorable attitude than other students. Finally, the impact of the ethics lesson is more dependent on the Professors than the resources and topics that are considered for this lesson. Therefore, the use of qualified professors is one of the important suggestions for achieving the desired situation in creating a positive attitudes and tendencies toward students in applied ethics.

The current study aimed at comparing the effects of computerized dynamic assessment(CDA), dynamic assessment (DA) and static assessment (SA) on reading comprehension performance. Additionally, the learners' attitudes towards the SA, DA and CDA were also investigated. The participants of the present study included 60 Iranian EFL learners. The learners’ reading performance was tested to assure that the three groups were not significantly different in terms of reading comprehension prior to treatment. After checking their readability were followed by some reading comprehension questions. Following that, one of the groups received DA for reading comprehension questions via receiving the least implicit to most explicit hints provided by the teacher until the learners came up with the correct responses. As for the CDA group the software provided hints in a step-wise manner from the most implicit to the most explicit for the learners until they came up with the right response. The treatments lasted for four sessions and immediately afterwards the learners in the three groups sat for the reading comprehension posttest. Moreover, 10 participants in each group were interviewed to explore their attitudes towards SA, DA and CDA. The results of statistical analysis indicated that both DA and CDA had significant effects on improving the participants’ reading comprehension performance. Moreover, it was revealed that CDA was significantly more effective on reading comprehension performance compared with DA. The analysis of interview contents indicated that overall the participants held more positive attitudes towards the CDA compared to the conventional DA and SA assessment types.

Cultural architecture is a movement from the present cultural status to the desired cultural status. The present research is carried out as a cultural architecture of I. R. I. Police with the aim of identifying the challenges and cultural opportunities of its employees in the future.

This study is of an applied research type and its method is survey. The research population included the elites and experts in cultural affairs in I. R. I. Police. 90 of them were selected through targeted sampling method, and finally 73 responded to the research questions correctly. The research tools were note-taking and a researcher-made questionnaire. Chi-square and Kendall coordination coefficients were used for data analysis. Findings and

The findings showed that some of the cultural challenges facing employees include: reducing the spiritual motivation in work, not using leisure time, reducing piety, backbiting and reducing honesty in the workplace. The opportunities ahead include: the existence of rich Islamic culture and values, national and Islamic identity, culture and organizational values, the culture of self-sacrifice, the use of cultural education programs and the right to use the media. The results of this study can be useful for policymakers and cultural planners of I. R. I. Police and provide a coherent framework for developing cultural strategies in future plans for I. R. I. Police cultural architecture.

The purpose of this research is to discover the factors and structure of motivation in Allameh Tabatabai's thoughts. For this purpose, using the library-based method, Allameh Tabatabai's views on the factors and structure of human motivation were collected from his works and then analyzed by using the descriptive- analytical method. The results of the study show that there are nine internal factors and two external factors that intricately act as motivating factors for human behavior. Considering Allameh's works, these factors can be considered as some successive layers: layer one, the fundamental forces of human existence (the powers of the soul); Layer two, goals (ultimate causes and perfections of forces); layer three, tendencies and needs; layer four, knowledge and perceptions (mentally-posited and real perceptions); layer five, enthusiasm and desire (emotions and feelings); layer six, personal want and decision (will); layer seven, physiological reactions (physical movement); layer eight, experience of behavior (action); layer nine, personality traits (sensual traits). These nine layers are related to the internal processes of human existence, which are influenced by external factors such as guidance, help, mercy and grace of God, as well as the external environment, society and the temptations of the devil. In sum, the totality of these interconnected factors forms the structure of human motivation.

The present research aimed at investigating the effect of business attitude on agricultural students’ entrepreneurial behavior willingness. Population present research included all incoming students of Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University in 1395 (337 students), who were selected by Census method. After distributing the questionnaires, 271 of those questionnaires were returned. The instrument used, was a questionnaire. The questionnaire validity was confirmed by a panel of experts and also its reliability was reported 0/844 (the Cronbach's alpha). In order to analyze the data, SPSS20 software was used. The results showed that there was a relationship between business attitude and entrepreneurial behavior willingness. The entrepreneurial behavior willingness in 38% of students was at good level and the entrepreneurial behavior willingness in 16.98% of them was at weak level. The multiple regressions showed that entrepreneurial intentions, environmental protection, attitude to change and competitiveness can estimate 24.2% of variation of entrepreneurial behavior willingness.

Population growth and pollution resulting from their activities and climate changes of the last century, has increased concerns about preserving the environment for future generation so that nowadays environmental knowledge and attitude improvement is one of the major intellectual trends and political strategies in most countries of the world. Development of this critical thinking has the first rank in NGOs such as the knowledge-based companies. The main objective of this study was to assess the environmental knowledge and attitude of staffs in agricultural knowledge-based companies and its relation with socio- political factors.This research is a descriptive- correlational one and it’s a quantitative research in terms of its nature. The statistical population were Kermanshah and Hamadan knowledge-based companies staffs and managers. According to latest statistics of growth centers the number of people was 175 in Kermanshah and Hamadan. The census method was used for determining the sample size in this study, 175 people participated in the study. In a survey, instrument of the research was a questionnaire. The questionnaire contained three parts: the first part were staffs demographic questions, Part II was an scale formed for measuring the knowledge of staffs and managers and Part III was related to their environmental attitude.The related indicators and categories for assessing the environmental attitude from NEP scale were selected as the basis of the project. After the process of data processing, statistical analysis (descriptive and inferential) using the SPSS15, Amos22 softwares was done. The results show that government policy makings, family commitment to protecting the environment, media, being a member of the NGO, education and training lead to changes in people's attitude to the environment.

The overall goal of this research is the study of satisfaction and attitudes of graduate students based education among University of Isfahan students The method of education. The statistical society includes total of graduate students based education in term 3 at University of Isfahan (112 people) in the 90-91academic year. Statistical sample was chosen Equal to size of statistical society, therefore, 112 questionnaires were administered in the final 86 questionnaires were returned. Research method is Descriptive survey and data needed have been collected through questionnaires. Formal validity of the questionnaire, after the primary administration and troubleshoot, was approved by 5 University of Isfahan Professors. Reliability was determined using Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.92, indicating the high reliability of the questionnaire. Statistical tests were used for data analysis in the descriptive and inferential levels. Results showed that students based education are not satisfied Future job ( =2.19) and education ( =2.34), so that, they concerns about their Future job .Among them, the vision of scientific community is somewhat positive ( =2.51) toward this way. Also, the results showed that students based education in general are interested in this way ( =3.37). Therefore it is necessary to we provide the eliminate instrument of students concerns through the guidance that related with Future job and education and of these students. Also, students are satisfy from offers a seminar lesson instead of a thesis ( =3.60). The researchers assessment from participate in this study showed that unlike the original philosophy of based education courses providing mainly for teachers, students based education mainly who were that had the lower ranks in the master focus test. In other words, because of their entry into the study period hasn’t uniformity with main goal of establish the training period.

The content of the text books in any educational system is an essential means for transferring of the socio-cultural norms and social values. In this study we have tried to analyze the content of the high school religion and life text books on the bases of the seven basic concepts and twenty forth goals categories in the area of belief and attitudes. Each paragraph was considered as the unit of analysis for both “text” and the “thought and research section” of the same book. The william Romey`s formula was administered to gain the Index of Students Involvement (ISI) for the above mentioned text books. Results of the study reviled that most of the writers` attention has been given to the category of foundations and principles of religion than other categories. Therefore, it is recommended to re-evaluate the content of the above mentioned textbooks and to change the contents of the books based on other basic categories presented in the article.

In terms of having knowledge and experience that gained over 30 years of experience, retirees can play significant role in entrepreneurship and employment in their field of expertise.In addition to the value and importance of the mentioned subject, for a retired person ,being accepted in the family, group ,and social communications and acceptance in the community and feeling self-esteem among the people, is sometimes rather more effective than an increase in salary and bonus material for spiritual and psychological satisfaction.Aiming to the educational need assessment of retirees, this study has been conducted via distributing 140 questionnaires among retirees of “AJA Retirement Center “. The Cronbach's alpha method was used in order to estimate the reliability of this study That was calculated as 0.95. In this study, factor analysis was used applying Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) , and also Friedman test was conducted in order to prioritize indicators.The results indicates that the indexes “having knowledge of marketing and sale ", “the ability to identify and define the future needs of the market and the industry”,"the ability to organize technological resources", "having Knowledge of accounting and finance", "having knowledge of business rules", "the ability to apply various techniques to exploit market opportunities." , and "having ambiguity tolerance ", has the highest priority of need assessment among other indexes . On the other hand , indicators "to encourage and reward employees, '' having continued interest and desire to learn" , "ability to listen effectively" ,and "ability to supervise, monitor and control employees" has the lowest priority among the indicators of assessment from the respondents point of view.

The aim of this study was to identify the extent that students have the entrepreneurial knowledge, ability, attitude, and creativity and after identification some recommendations were presented to improve entrepreneurship in higher education. The method of this research was descriptive; in term of aim, it is classified as applied research. Research population is consisted of 335 Masters Students from the Universities of Esfahan and Zanjan that were selected through random sampling. To collect data, researcher-made questionnaires were used. For analyzing the data of research descriptive and inferential statistical methods were used (T-test, ANOVA, Scheffe test). Results indicated that all four components of entrepreneurship are in the low level, unfavorable and are in similar situation that suggests need for more active efforts of faculty and staff in all areas relevant to the study.

This study is an attempt to identify the reading habits and attitudes of the Bachelor students in Psychology and Education Faculty of Allameh Tabataba’i University. Data were collected with a questionnaire (include three sections: demographic questionnaire; reading habit questionnaire; and ASRA questionnaire) in survey research method. The population of this study was all of the bachelor students in Psychology and Education Faculty of Allameh Tabataba’i University (N=1607). Simple random sampling was used as the sampling method and the sample size was determined with Morgan Table. 310 questionnaires were distributed among students (n=310) of which 230 accepted questionnaires were collected. Descriptive and analytical statistical methods were used to answer the study questions and test the hypotheses. The results indicated that, the majority of the students read text books. This is followed by non text books, SMS, newspaper, journal article, email, and magazines. The major time spent on reading relates to text books (31-60 min per day). The internet was found to be the most frequently used source to get the reading materials. This is followed by the library, friends, and the bookstore. Home is the favored place to read among students. This is followed by the library, and open environments.

This research is conducted to investigate the impact of environmental education on teachers knowledge, attitude and skills at Tehran district 12. The statistical population was all elementary school teachers. 60 teachers were chosen using simple random sampling; then the group was divided in to two 30 teachers subgroup. The data were collected using a questionnaire and the reliability coefficient was calculated through cronbach alpha. The information processed and analyzed by independent t-test. Result showed that there is a significant difference in teachers environmental knowledge, attitude and skills before and after work shop and environmental education has had a positive impact on teachers skills.

Abstract: The teachers are not mere curriculum implementers, but by their beliefs about cognition, knowing and learning, the curriculum could be affected. Descriptive evaluation is one of the important innovations that has been implemented at primary level of Iran’s education system. Main purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between teacher's epistemological beliefs and their attitudes toward using descriptive evaluation. Research method is correlation and the research population are Isfahan primary teachers (N=5060) from six educational regions. For selecting research sample, categorized sampling method is used and 384 teachers are selected. For data gathering, Two questionnaires were used; schommer's standard questionnaire for epistemological beliefs and a researcher-made questionnaire for attitudes toward descriptive evaluation. For analyzing data, pearson correlation method, F, T and Dankan test were used. The results showed that the correlation between the row epistemological beliefs of the teachers and their attitudes toward using descriptive evaluation was -0/17, and correlation between the advanced epistemological beliefs of teachers and attitudes toward using descriptive evaluation was +0/34. This research also showed that teacher's gender is not related to using or not using descriptive evaluation. However attitudes toward using descriptive evaluation were differed among the teachers based on their academic degrees.