externalizing

The purpose of present study is to compare the neuropsychological performance of students with learning disorder, comorbid with internalizing and externalizing problems. This study was a descriptive-analytic research. Fifteen students with learning disorder and externalizing problems and 15 students with learning disorder and internalizing problems diagnosed and selected by Achenbach test using a convenience sampling. For comparison of their neuropsychological performance, Visual-Motor Bender-gestalt Test, and Fourth Edition of Wechsler Scale for Children were used. There was no significant difference between internalizing and externalizing groups in the growth Mature Scores (z), while the study of the brain injury errors frequency of Bender-Gestalt test showed that the most errors of the externalizing group was the Lack of integrity error, and internalizing group errors was the rotation error. The findings could be utilized in the process of diagnosis and intervention for these students.

This research is a cause-oriented and comparative study. It is concerned with the degree of internalizing and externalizing behavioral problems of the primary school students from single child-families and those from two-child families in Yazd. The research was conducted on 308 students in a grade ranging of first to the sixth primary school. They study in schools in Yazd including (163 from single-child families and 145 from two-child families and are a compiled by their parents. They were randomly selected through a cluster-sampling method. A child behavior checklist (CBCL) and demography information form were used in the survey. The results of the one-way analysis of Variance Test show confirm the significance of the difference in the average of behavioral problems -including internalizing and externalizing problems-between those from single- child families and those from two-child families. The findings show that the average of the behavioral problems including internalizing and externalizing problems- which those from two-child families have is lower and their conditions are much better than those from single- child families.

This study examines the development of a resilience fostering program, and its effectiveness on psychological well-being in adolescents with externalizing and internalizing behavioral disorders.

In this developmental, and semiexperimental study, 58 adolescents (age mean = 12.77, SD = 0.88) participated. Neil & Dais’ Scale (2001), Achenbach’s Child Beha-vior Checklist (CBCL) - Persian version- (Minaei, 2004), Skehill’ General Well-being (2001), were respectively completed for resilience, behavioral disorders, and psychological well-being.

Covariance analysis revealed that the program could increase psychological well-being in the post test stage (P<.05), but not in the follow-up. On the other hand, resilience was enhanced and kept both in post-test and follow-up stages (P<. 05).

Accordingly, we can suggest that this program could improve psychological well-being, resilience, and behavioral disorders in some aspects.