girls

The aim of the present study was to examine the teaching of philosophy and its role in the creativity and artistic thinking of upper elementary students. The research approach was quantitative, and the research method was quasi-experimental, including pre-test, post-test, and control group. The statistical population included all sixth-grade female students in District 4 of Qom city who were studying in the academic year 1402-1401. The statistical sample consisted of two classes: one class taught using a specific method (experimental group: 30 students) and another class taught using traditional methods (control group: 30 students), subjected to the Shapiro–Wilk and Levene's tests. Convenience sampling was used to select the statistical sample. Research data were analyzed at both descriptive and inferential levels using SPSS software version 23. The results showed that teaching philosophy in upper elementary schools led to the improvement of three dimensions of artistic creativity, namely curiosity and courage, modeling and ideation, and students' innovation. However, no such effect was observed for the dimension of imagination and aesthetics. Additionally, the levels of students' artistic thinking dimensions, including artistic precision, artistic questioning, self-expression and artistic attitude, utilization of imagination, innovation, and artistic creativity, were enhanced following philosophy instruction. The results of the main hypothesis test indicated that teaching philosophy in upper elementary schools leads to the improvement of students' creativity and artistic thinking.

Love Trauma is a common phenomenon in students that causes academic and psychological problems. The aim of the current research was to identify the effective factors in the love Trauma of female students. research method was qualitative through semi-structured interview. The statistical population of this research was all the students of Mohaghegh Ardabili University in 1402 who were involved in the experience of love failure. Among them, 10 people were selected as a sample through purposeful sampling. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. According to the findings, five main themes of the love Trauma were identified, which included the following: Causes related to the family of origin and childhood, psychological causes, relational causes, causes related to the boyfriend, and concurrent causes with the relationship. Each of these overarching themes included many organized and basic themes. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that first of all, the past and the individual's developmental context in the family are very important in the love trauma, and the causes related to the present are of secondary importance. Therefore, it is suggested to prevent love trauma first of all to identify the person's primary relationships and their impact on the current life and the type of choices of the person and to inform the person in this field so that he can make a more correct choice.

The purpose of the present research is to study the effect of religious beliefs on female students’ resilience in the 1st grade of high school in district 1 of Shiraz. The research method was descriptive correlation. The statistical population of the research consisted of all 9200 female students in the 1st grade of high school in the district 1 of Shiraz in 2022-2023 among whom 360 students were chosen by random cluster sampling. Data collection instruments in this research were Glock & Stark Religious Beliefs Scale (2003) and Samuels Resilience Scale (2004). Their validity and reliability were calculated and confirmed by object analysis and Cronbach’s alpha respectively. For data analysis, descriptive statistics (average and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis) were used. The results indicated that there is a significantly positive relation between religious beliefs and resilience. Moreover, religious beliefs are considered as a significant predictor for students’ resilience as their religiosity predicted 36% of their resilience variation. Besides, theological, emotional, consequential, and ritual aspects determine 36.5% of their resilience variation. The beta level of theological, emotional, consequential, and ritual aspects is significant and can positively predict the students’ resilience. Therefore, it can be concluded that religion and religious instruction have a noticeable role in increasing the students’ resilience and creating calmness and security for them. In this regard, enforcement of religious attractions by holding educational, religious, and cultural programs to improve students’ religious attitude is suggested.

With the development of virtual social networks in contemporary society, these media strongly affect the level and extent of religiosity of citizens and by presenting models, they affect existing religion and religiosity and form new and transformed forms of religiosity.

This research is a combination of exploratory type with qualitative-quantitative approach and survey method. The statistical population in the field of qualitative methods includes specialists and academic experts in the field of sociology of religion (sample size = 15 people) as well as a group of teenagers and young adults active in social networks, especially Instagram (15 people) and in the quantitative part including all teenagers and young girls They were from Khorram Abad city (372 people) who were sampled by purposeful-judgmental and stratified probability method.

After coding the interview texts, the main category was obtained in the form of representation of religion in terms of beliefs, cognitive, rituals, experience and consequences.

Also, the influence of virtual social networks on the representation of religion in its various aspects among teenage and young girls of Khorramabadi caused a group to reject religion and leave it, and a group to rethink religion, to take a reflective, pluralistic and relative attitude. Address religion and self-referential religiosity as action strategies.

The purpose of the present research is to study various questions and answers by girls and boys aged 12-13. This research was conducted in a qualitative paradigm. Data collection was done through in-depth interviews with 249 children who were chosen by systematic (purposive) method based on maximum variation sampling. For data analysis, comparative content analysis with a descriptive-interpretive approach was used and the unit of analysis was every single question and answer. The results showed that children ask many different questions in various fields of science; yet most of their questions are related to religion. Philosophy is also among the first 4 fields from which children ask questions. Their philosophical questions in that age group fall in ontology, metaphysics, epistemology, and religious philosophy. Analysis of their answers indicated that they were more independent in raising questions than answering them as they were more under the influence of contents written in their school books in their answers. In general, girls were more accurate in their answers, had better rhetorical techniques, used more explanations, and were more familiar with the concepts and themes of questions.

This study was conducted to compile a premarital counseling package for girls on the brink of marriage whose parents are divorced. The current study was applied and conducted based on a mixed-methods research design. For this purpose, a qualitative systematic review was initially conducted, and then the descriptive survey was used. Since the initial stage of every systematic review includes a complete and regular search of the existing literature, Persian articles published from 2012 to 2022 were selected. Finally, 12 articles were investigated by searching Mag-Iran, SID, Irandoc, and Comprehensive Portal of Human Sciences databases. Also, the revised PRISMA2020 checklist was used to evaluate the quality of the studies, and all 12 studies possessed the necessary quality to enter the systematic review. An educational counseling package including various techniques and concepts was compiled by reviewing the literature. Besides, ten experts in the field of counseling were selected based on availability to check the content validity. The findings of the qualitative phase showed three major negative psychological, sociological, and family experiences. Finally, the findings of the quantitative phase resulted in developing the content of counseling sessions in twelve weekly sessions of 60-90 minutes. Its content validity and Kappa agreement coefficient were .8 and .71, respectively. It can be said that the premarital educational counseling package has appropriate validity and is suggested to be used for girls with divorced parents.

This study was Identify factors contributing to the pathological use of cyberspace Students. The statistical population was composed of 11171  girl students of high schools second term in the district 1 city of Ardebil. From this population, 370 students were selected using Krejcie and Morgan's table and stratified sampling rate, according to the managers and teachers with purposive sampling. The index is based on two hours of cyberspace and pathological analysis183 person the questionnaire. The research method was descriptive survey.The required information was collected from using Revised researcher made. Validity was confirmed by experts and its reliability by using Cronbach's alpha coefficient with the implementation of the pilot study (0/97), respectively. Data using descriptive and inferential statistical methods (exploratory factor analysis) were analyzed. The results showed that factor12 (weak functioning families, the lack of heartily and friendly relations, social isolation, seeking diversity, anonymity of identity, religious beliefs, low self-esteem, the duration and type of cyberspace, feeling lonely, academic problems, low cost and depression and social anxiety) in addition to the use (%73) of cyberspace are pathological students and between them have weak functioning families by value (11/461) and the lack of heartily and friendly relations by value (9/049) highest share and depression and social anxiety by value (3/520) lowest share.

The purpose of the present study is to review the process of girls' education to accept gender roles in the school educational system with an approach on the ideas of Āyatollāh Khāmene'i. The research method is descriptive-analytic and according to the results, the necessity of skill learning to play female gender roles in the school educational system is undeniable; therefore, schools ought to consider girls' gender education as one of the most important goals in their agenda. Preparation to accept gender roles is not feasible merely through explanation, justification, and curricular courses, but rather the process of education should be arranged with the cooperation of families at school so that the girls by the end of their school and the start of their youth would have become mentally and physically ready and capable to accept their roles by the essential skills they learned at school. The procedure of teaching some skills should start from the elementary school and for some other skills, it should begin from the secondary school and be stabilized therein.

Young females face the challenge of conflict between various levels of identity, whereas integrated identity is necessary for optimal performance in both social and psychological contexts. As a result, the intervention route is prepared by understanding the different aspects of it. In this study, the qualitative method and purposeful sampling have been utilized. For this purpose, semi-structured interview has been conducted on twenty young females nineteen to twenty four years old who have experienced identity challenges. For analyzing the data, interviews were categorized in three stages and paradigm model of Corbin and Strauss were driven based on the model of grounded theory the validity of it has been assessed. The Causal conditions including the psychological distress and effective confrontation with the divine worldview, and the consequence of strategies revealed the characteristics of belief and practice in religion, which explains its pervasive and infrastructural nature in development of the integrated and sustainable identity, indicating the characteristic of the third-order change. Strategies, contextual conditions and intervening conditions were analyzed.

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the consequences of not marrying for girls over 30 years of age in Kerman. It was performed through a qualitative method, using phenomenology, and the statistical population consisted of single girls over 30 years old in Kerman. In order to select the statistical sample, purposive sampling method was used and finally 15 participants were selected for interview. In this study, according to the subject of the research and its qualitative nature, semi-structured interviews were conducted in order to collect information. Findings of the interviews were analyzed based on Colaizzi's seven-step model and two main themes of positive and negative consequences were extracted and placed in 6 main themes expressing the structure of life experiences of single girls. The main themes of each of the positive and negative outcomes included individual, social or cultural, and family themes.

The phenomenon of childbearing or adoption in Iran has always existed in various forms since a long time ago. According to the Recent Adoption Law approved in 1392, eligible girls and single women can also legally adopt homeless and parentless children. A question is raised concerning the socio-cultural features affecting the attitude of the aforesaid community towards child adoption. The objective of the research is to measure the attitudes of 30- to 50-year-old girls and single women living in Tehran towards adopting homeless and parent less children. The applied purpose of the project is to identify the factors affecting the attitude of the research population in order to identify and reduce the different barriers and increase the factors affecting the attitude towards the child adoption. The survey method is a correlational type. 365 people out of whom were selected by random sampling based on Krejcie and Morgan Table. The content and facial validity of the questionnaire has been confirmed. According to the findings of the study, the factors of religiosity and membership in the non-institutional reference group (in terms of mental and psychological problems) have had, respectively, the highest and the least effect on the attitude towards child adoption.

Trafficking is one of the most organized crimes in the world. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of Najaf's information aristocracy on preventing trafficking in women and girls from 2013 to 2018. The research method is applied in terms of purpose and survey method. Questionnaire is a researcher-made tool. The statistical population of the research is the elite, political and sociological experts, officials, managers and staff who are familiar with the topic of trafficking in women. The sample size was 254 according to Cochran formula. The dependent variable of the research is the amount of trafficking of women and girls that has been tried to measure the effects of the independent variables of the information nobility of IJA. More than half of the respondents (53.5%) believe that the effect of traffic control on women and girls without family is high on the level of trafficking of women and girls. Traffic control of women and girls without family is the strongest predictor of trafficking in women and girls. The second direct negative impact of the observation and traffic control of divorced women on trafficking is second-rate. The rate of expansion of the network of resources and secretaries with the weakest coefficient indicates a direct negative effect of this variable on the rate of trafficking in women and girls.

The current study aims to evaluate teaching puberty components to girls in the seventh grade of  first stage high school textbooks. These components includes sexual, physical, emotional, psychological, mental (cognitive), social, religious, and civil puberty. Research method was qualitative content analysis, and the target population included all the seventh grade of  first stage high school textbooks in the school year 1394 - 1395, and among them Thinking and Lifestyle (Mutual book for boys and girls, Thinking and Lifestyle Mutual book for boys and girls), Divine Messages, Social Studies and Experimental Science were chosen. As a result, 337 puberty components were found in the chosen books. In case of evaluation of puberty with 115 (34/ 2%) components was in the first place and Religious puberty with 115(12/32%) categories had the highest amount and putative puberty with 22 categories (52/6%) had the lowest amount.

The purpose of this research was to examine the effects of life skills instruction (through integration of Islamic perspectives into psychology) on female students’ psychological well-being. The current study was a quasi-experimental one with pretest-posttest control group design. The statistical population of the study comprised all female students of Ghadir Higher Education Institute in Shiraz. The participants included two classes (N=62) who were randomly assigned to experimental (31 students) and control (31 students) groups. Ryff’s Psychological Well-being Scale (1995) was administered to both groups as pretest and posttest. In order to determine the validity of the measure, correlation coefficients between individual item scores and total subscale scores were calculated. The obtained indices ranged from 0.46 to 0.74 and they were all significant (P

The aim of this study is to investigate and analyze the "factors and bases of women’s avoidance of Hijab with an emphasis on personality factors". Personality means those features of an individual or individuals that include fixed intellectual, emotional and behavioral patterns. "Women’s ostentation " means their showing their ornaments and make –up to the others, showiness , self-beautifying, showing their beauties to the others and revealing their ornaments and make up to the others, that often happen in the society by showing parts of their bodies or wearing unconventional and provocative clothes. Factors such as "identity crisis, lack of spirituality and love, ignorance of the consequences of showiness, lack of adherence to the Islamic values, low self-esteem, feelings of inferiority, emotional poverty, fear and despair, inattention to women's natural desire to show off, and lack of modesty " play a central role in women’s, especially girl’s lack of hijab and their wearing unconventional clothes. The research method in this "qualitative" paper is "description and content analysis" and the instrument for data collection is reference to the main sources (the Holy Quran, hadiths and the psychological findings).

The aim of this study was to compare the sexual differences in athletic students’ sporting participation motivation. It was a descriptive - comparative field study. The population of this study was the students who participated in girls and boys’ sports events of high schools of Khorasan Razavi province in 2011. For this purpose, 589 boy and girl students were selected as the sample, using stratified Taxonomy sampling method. To collect the data, Gill et al, s question was used and to analyze the data, Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S) and Mann-Whitney analyses were conducted. The findings revealed there are significant differences between girls and boys in motivation for sport participation (P≤0.001). Also, the results showed significant differences in motivational factors including success, preparedness, relief of energy, finding friends and fun between the girls and boys(P

The purpose of present study was to investigate and compare safety standards of spaces and sport equipments in girls and boys’ schools at different districts of Tehran and to provide strategies to eliminate probable problems. This study was a descriptive survey. The statistical population included all sport spaces of Schools in educational districts of Tehran. 289 schools were selected as the statistical sample of this study from four educational districts of Tehran (districts of 1, 4, 11, 18) using multistage systematic sampling method. The required standards were collected using researcher-made checklists. 5 components in the safety conditions including inside field and surfaces, privacy and lines, design and dimensions, facilities and coverage and equipments were studied. To determine the safety status of different factors, descriptive statistics was used. Also, U-Mann-Whitney, Kruskal Wallis and Friedman tests were used for comparison of safety conditions of girls and boys’ schools at different educational districts in Tehran and comparison of different components of safety, using statistical software SPSS 11. No significant differences were shown between girls and boys’ schools according to safety conditions (P> 0.05). However, there were significant differences among different educational districts in Tehran, according to safety conditions of schools (P< 0.05), and no significant difference was reported among the various components of safety (P> 0.05). Using findings of this research and related literature, necessary solutions were presented in order to eliminate risk cases.

This research compares the psychological well-being of gifted female students studying at second grade of gifted high school for girls with their gifted peers in regular schools.

Statistical population was the gifted students studying at high school for girls with their gifted peers in regular schools. The sample consisted of 126 gifted school students selected through a simple random sampling method, and sample of second group consisted of 127 students selected purposefully from the regular high schools. The research instrument was Ryff’s Psychological Well-being Scale (PWBS, Ryff, 1995) with 84 items including 6 subscales of self acceptance, positive relationship with others, autonomy, purpose in life, personal growth and environmental mastery. Data were analyzed using independent sample t-test and multivariable analysis of variances (MANOVA).

Results of t-test revealed that psychological well-being of the gifted students of regular schools was significantly higher than gifted students of gifted high school (p<0.05). Also results of multivariable analysis of variances indicated that acceptance, autonomy, purpose in life, personal growth and environmental mastery of gifted students of regular schools was significantly higher than gifted students of gifted high school (p<0.01 or p<0.05), but there was no significant difference between two groups in positive relationship with others (p>0.05).

In gifted high schools it is necessary to offer some procedures for reinforcing the gifted student’s psychological well being along with formal education.

Current research is aimed to study influence of attributive restructuring test on changing negative attitude of girls in grade of middle school to math in Isfahan Province. To achieve this purpose, sampling of testable has been devoted in 2 parts. In the first step, 300 girl students were chosen through multi-stage cluster random sampling and then attitude of scale to math was tested on them. And in the next stage, 60 students of testable who have negative attitude to math were chosen and after randomly equalization they were controlled and tested in two groups composed of 30 students. Statistical analysis of data was conducted in descriptive level through use of appropriate indices and in deductive level through testing variance analysis by re-measurements in order to survey significant differences between three types of scores: pretest, posttest and test track. Results of survey suggest that there is significant difference between girl students attitude towards math in pretest, posttest and test track (sig= 0.001, F= 74.417) as influence of attributive restructuring sessions on changing girl student's negative attitude to math are evaluated as positive.