high schools

One of the necessary skills in a world that is constantly changing is the ability to think, especially critical thinking. The aim of the current research was to investigate and present the significant approaches in the teaching area based on the development of critical thinking and to design a teaching model based on the development of critical thinking in high schools.

In this qualitative research, qualitative content analysis method of inductive categorization system was used. The research field (statistical population) included available written and digital resources related to critical thinking, and sampling was done in a purposeful method, and the data collection tool was note-taking from all available written and digital sources. Data analysis was done through thematic coding in three stages of open coding (477 codes), axial coding (80 codes) and selective coding (20 codes). Then the codes were categorized and the final components were extracted.

The most important approaches in teaching based on the development of critical thinking include problem solving, group discussion, using the questioning technique, students being active, oral presentation and continuous assessment of students. The proposed teaching model includes three sections: before the interaction, during the interaction and after the interaction.

Determining the proposed approaches in teaching critical thinking and designing a teaching model based on the development of critical thinking and teachers' familiarity with them can become the basis for their use in high schools and increase students' critical thinking skills.

The purpose of the present research is to study lived experiences of student teachers (practice teachers) at Farhangiān university in terms of religious education issues and harms in high schools. The research method was qualitative and the population consisted of students at Amir Kabir Farhangiān university. Student teachers in social science education at Amir Kabir Farhangiān university in 2022 were chosen as the research sample, among whom 31 members were selected based on purposive or systematic sampling. The number of samples were determined based on the theoretical saturation principle. Data collection method was semi structured interviewing and the data analysis method was based on content analysis. After transcribing the interviews, narrations from student teachers were coded, classified, and thematized. Their experiences in terms of religious education issues and harms in high schools were classified within 3 main themes including curriculum issues, teachers’ issues, and assessment issues. As for the first theme, the students mentioned that the curriculum content of Religion and Life has not dealt with the needs of adolescence and is irrelevant to daily issues. Besides, the content of the book is not interesting and most of its lessons are repetitive and boring. As for the second theme, student teachers acknowledged that theology teachers at schools are not using suitable methods to teach the book and even some of them do not have necessary skills of teaching so they cannot communicate concepts to the students and just deal with explaining mere rules and ignore philosophical and logical interpretation behind religious issues. As for the third theme, student teachers under study stated that religious education lessons at schools have not made any change in their life and learning them is merely for passing the course.

The attainment of both knowledge and skills required for the use of media is the main objective in the 10th Grade’s textbook named Thinking and Media Literacy. To explore the extent to which this textbook covers such knowledge and skills, a group of 20 experts in the fields of media literacy and curriculum was extensively interviewed to the point of data saturation. The deductive content analysis of these data yielded a set of indices of media literacy in four areas of conceptual, communicative, moral, and technological that consisted of 14 main components and 64 constituents. Based on these findings, a questionnaire of acceptable validity and reliability was constructed and given to a categorized random sample of 180 experts in the field. The analysis of these data show that the derived components can collectively predict media skills adequately. Furthermore, the statistical tests show an acceptable level of fitness for the model designed on the basis of the findings.

The purpose of this research is to present a model for research empowerment of high school students in Hormozgan province. This research is classified in the mixed research group of sequential exploratory design

The research method in the qualitative part is content analysis. The potential contributors in the qualitative section included experts with research records related to the field of research empowerment. The research method in the quantitative part is descriptive-analytical. The statistical population in the quantitative section includes all secondary school students of Hormozgan province in the academic year 2019-1400, whose number is equal to 126,274 people. To determine the participants, in the qualitative part, a purposeful sampling method based on criteria was used, and after 20 interviews, the data reached theoretical saturation. To determine the sample size in the quantitative part, using stratified random sampling method based on Morgan's table, 265 first and 119 second high school students were selected. The data collection tool in the qualitative part was semi-structured interviews. The validity of the data was determined by using the techniques of reliability and transferability through researchers' self-review and data alignment, and reliability was determined by carefully directing the flow of information collection and researchers' alignment. Also, for more certainty, the method of agreement between two coders and the Kappa coefficient have been used. In the quantitative part, the data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire with 33 closed-ended items. To measure the validity of this questionnaire, using the item analysis method, the correlation coefficient between the items and the total score of the respective questionnaire was calculated

In this research, 5 main themes were identified: the spirit of research, inhibiting factors, improvement solutions, facilitators of research empowerment and effective factors of research empowerment.

Conclusions and suggestions: 

The existence of educational and research facilities and opportunities can facilitate the necessary conditions for increasing research empowerment. In this way, the existence of appropriate educational and research capacities and facilities promotes research empowerment through the possibility of creative thinking and motivation

Innovation and originality: 

identifying the inhibiting factors, ways of improvement, effective factors and facilitating factors and providing a model for research empowerment

The purpose of this study was to identify the factors, criteria and accreditation markers in order to quality assurance of education in theoretical secondary schools. The research method was multi-method using both documentary and phenomenological methods. To access rich data after analysis of documents (7 internal documents and 17 external documents related to selected keywords), interviews with experts were used. Participants in research based on a targeted approach and using the preferred method, among the experts in education, the accreditation experts and executive education officials were selected. Theoretical saturation was obtained as an index of adequacy of data after a deep interview with 35 contributors. For data collection, a semi-structured interview was used to analyze the documents. The results showed that the accreditation framework of the theoretical secondary schools. It has 7 factors (Organizational Structure, Physical Structures, Teacher's Individual Factors, Individual Factors Knowledge, Political Factors, Cultural Factors, and Technical Core Teaching and Learning). And 60 criteria and 266 indicators were identified in accordance with the characteristics of the secondary schools for the above seven factors. Finally, the suggested model for validation of the theoretical schools was introduced.

Today, in addition to economic capital, cultural and symbolic capital, social capital is another name. This concept refer to links and relationship between members of a network as a valuable resource and by making norms and mutual trust that helps to reach goals members. Social capital is useful at school for school effectiveness that is why it is essential to maintain and achieve social capital for school. The aim of this study was to investigate of application of the aspects of social capital in schools in Tehran. The research population is the school administrators. A phenomenological qualitative research method is used. 15 persons of research population, Nodal targeted were selected for in-depth interviews. To analyze the data, Strauss and Corbin coding method was used and by open and axial coding 10 main categories were obtained that include: recruitment decisions worthy and desirable human resource, professional training for teachers and administrators and coaches, maintenance human resource, strengthen professional ethics of teachers and administrators, administrative and fiscal autonomy of schools, educational facilities management, strengthening organizational culture of school, strengthen and encourage student's group activities, pay attention to the student's needs and their individual differences and review practices evaluation and teaching. Also, these main categories, has 39sub-categories.

This study has been done to assess the educational space condition and the correlation between the educational space and the educational performance of junior high school girl students in Karaj. The research method regarding the aim is functional and according to the collecting data is descriptive-correlative. Statistical community of the study involves 104 schools and 23192 junior high school girl students in Karaj. 10 schools and 384 students were selected by stratified random sampling. The instrument is the researcher-made list for educational space assessment and the educational performance questionnaire extracted from Dortaj standard questionnaire(1383).Construct validity was used for instrument validity and Cronbach Alpha was exerted for the reliability of the questionnaire. The amount of the reliability of educationl performance scale is 0.794. The condition of the educational performance was in the desirable level. There were significant correlations between natural light amount ,light direction, student number, board kind, visibility of writings on the board , thermal and cooler facilities,board height up to teaching platform, class arrangement, and class color with educational performance or its components. Some components of the educational space consisting student number, board kind, board distance up to first row, board height up to teaching platform, class arrangement, , class color, class windows number, class windows size, natural light amount, light direction, visibility of writings on the board, class temperature, and neribouring placesand the components of educational performance consisting emotional effects, planning, consequence control absence, and motivation had significant differences in public and non-public schools .

The aim of this research was to construct, measure the validity and factor structure a questionnaire for assessment of Research needs of Mashhad city high schools teachers. In this study a descriptive design of type of test development was used. The researcher obtained the data for the study from a sample of the 235 Male and female teachers in secondary schools in Mashhad city. Through using self-determination theory, a 45-item questionnaire were developed and Teachers responded to the questionnaire. The Collected data was analyzed by the exploratory factor analysis, the method of principal components and varimax rotation, internal equivalence validity and Cronbach's alpha and also, descriptive measures of mean, standard deviation scores were used. Also t scores and percent ranks for each one of independence subscale, relevance and competency were reported. Analysis of Principal Component showed that, questionnaire of Research needs was formed of three factors i.e.: autonomy, competence and communication and in total, these factors Can explain, 44/01% of the variance in instrument. Also the covariance between all factors were positive and significant which shows the internal equivalence validity. The Cronbach's alpha each of the subscales of competence, communication, and autonomy in the research sample respectively were estimated: 0/93, 0/89 and 0 /77. Findings from ANOVA in assessing condition of needs in research samples show that the teachers in dimension of competency have the highest need for research with score of 1.97 and in dimension of relation have the lowest amount of need with score of 0.70 points. This indicates that, Cronbach's alpha of total instrument and each of it subscales are in the average values and in acceptable level. Also, the examination of the situation of needs in the research sample showed that, Teachers have stated a most feeling of need to research in competence dimension and a lowest feeling of need to research in communication dimension. According to the findings of the study, we can say that, questionnaire of research needs is a valid and reliable instrument in field of Identify of research needs and the use of this instrument can help to career development of teachers.

The purpose of recent research was to compare the amount of teachers’ participation in management in regard to their thinking styles in Naghdeh high schools in 2012-2013. The population included all high schools’ teachers, that 145 teachers were selected by random stratified method and Cocran Formula. The standard questionnaire of Wagner and Strenberg thinking styles (1992) and the participation measure questionnaire in management (Hosseini, 2010) with Likert 7 scale point were used to collect data. The reliability of thinking styles questionnaire was 0.96 by using Cronbach alpha coefficient and the participant in management was 0.94. The kind of this descriptive research was survey methodology. The research data was analyzed by using ANOVA and LSD and Spss 19. The results showed that the participation dimensions in management were different in order to different kinds of thinking styles and the anarchism, oligarchy, executive, liberal, legal thinking styles had the most mean.

The main purpose of this research was the prediction of teacher organizational citizenship behavior based on them organizational learning in high schools. Descriptive research method was correlation method. The statistic society of this research consisted of high school teachers of Ardabil which were 1070. Among this number, 265 were selected based on Kokran formula by sampling method. The data collection tools were tow standard questionnaire of organizational citizenship behavior of Orogan and Konoski by reliability of 0/73 and organizational learning questionnaire of Chiva et al, coworkers by reliability of 0/93. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and inferential statistic methods (Pearson correlation and stepwise multi regression) the Findings of the research showed that all elements organizational learning except risk-taking with teacher organizational citizenship behavior has positive relationship. In the among study variables at regression, the predictor of teacher organizational citizenship behavior were accumulate experience, risk-taking and to making decide

The main purpose of this research is to study of the relationship between the manager's leadership styles and Organizational learning among Ray city high school. Statistical Society in high school girls and boys, including three areas Rey city area 1, area 2 and is Kahrizak. Among the census method all high schools (68 high school) in the study were considered as examples. Two questionnaires were used to determine leadership style and organizational learning. Factor analysis and Loop method were used to determine the reliability and finally calculate reliability using Cronbach's alpha for the questionnaire leadership style 0/87 and for organizational learning questionnaire 0/94 obtained. This descriptive study - data correlation and analysis of descriptive and inferential statistics (multiple regression stepwise method and pierson corralation) was used. Results showed the leadership styles of Managerial, Participative, Transactional, Post Modern, Contingency and Moral There is a significant and positive relationship with organizational learning and in total 63% of variance in organizational learning are explained. Participative leadership is the most important contribution (45%) in explaining organizational learning.

The present study was an attempt to investigate the relationship between academic burnout and achievement motivation with senior high school students` academic performance in Ardabil during the academic year 1391-1392. The statistical sample of this study included 379 high school students (197 boys and 182 girls) who were selected by cluster sampling from 162 high schools. The data were gathered employing Breso`s academic burnout and Hermens` achievement motivation questionnaires. The students` grade point averages (GPAs) in the first semester were considered as their academic performance scores. The obtained Pearson correlation coefficient showed that there was a negative relationship between academic burnout and academic performance but a significant positive relationship between achievement motivation and academic performance. The results of multiple regression showed that academic burnout had a better capability in predicting the academic performance in comparison with achievement motivation. On the other hand, the results of Hotlling t2 analysis showed that there was a significant difference among the combination of the two dependent variables in two groups of girl and boy students. The result of the independent t-tests showed that there was a significant difference between girl and boy students only in term of academic performance.

The Iranian High Council on Education has identified certain characteristics for high school administrators in order to ensure the quality of running such places of learning. However, the extent to which the current administrators possess these characteristics is a matter of research reported herein. The general and professional characteristics of a number of high school administrators working over a period of two years were determined using a questionnaire. The analysis of the collected data revealed a huge gap between what the High Council has outlined as required general characteristics and those possessed by the current administrators. Although in professional domain, the average tenure is high, the educational background of 88% of the current administrators does not match the requirement set by the High Council.

The aim of this study is to compare the rate of organizational intelligence of the principals of high schools for girls and boys in Yazd Province according to their gender. This is an applied research work and the method utilized here is causalcomparative. The population includes all the high school principals in Yazd Province in the academic year 1390-1391. A sample of 285 subjects was selected from this population on the basis of the relative stratified random sampling technique. The data collection instrument was an organizational intelligence questionnaire whose reliability was 0.97 according to Cronbach's alpha. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, etc.) and inferential statistics (t-test for comparison of means) were utilized. The findings indicated that from the viewpoint of school teachers, there is no significant difference between the female and male high school principals in terms of anorganizational intelligence. Considering the growing importance of human resources management and its decisive role in selecting and appointing work force of organizations and generalizing this finding to anorganizational intelligence of female and male managers in society, we can say that meritocracy needs to the main priority in the recruitment plans of the personnel departments of organizations so that they can select the most qualified individuals for management positions of organizations irrespective of their gender.

The purpose of the present research was to explore the academic performance relationship with self-regulated learning، and academic burnout of Ardabil city high schools in 2010-11. The statistical sample of this research was included 379 high school students (197 boys، 182 girls) of Ardabil city. They were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method irrespective of their field and year of study. The tools used in this research were three questionnaires: MSLQ، Berso’s academic burnout and average grade of academic semester in 2010-11. The results showed that there was a positive relationship between self-regulated learning and academic performance. However، there was a negative relationship between of academic burnout dimensions and academic performance. The results of multiple regression showed that academic burnout had a better capability in predicting the academic performance in comparison with self-regulated learning and path analysis showed that the academic burnout variable was the only variable، which was able to have a direct influence on the academic performance of students. On the other hand، the results of Hotlling t2 showed that there was a significant difference among the combination of three dependent variables in the two groups of female and male students. For an exact study، independent t-tests were used for all of the variables and the results showed that there was a significant difference between female and male students، just in term of academic performance.

The main purpose of this study is study the barriers of implementation of smart schools in Ahwaz Girls secondary schools. In order to doing this study a mixed method of research was used. Also data collected via multi methods such as questionnaire, semi-interviews, checklist and researcher observation. The sample of the study consisted of 100 teachers and 8 principles of secondary school which randomly selected from zone 1 of Ahwaz city using a cluster sampling method. The results of the questionnaire indicated that main barriers were: weakness of teaching and learning environment, a multimedia-based learning content, low level of IT infrastructure development, school management system, weakness of teachers it skills and lack of appropriated action regarding the it.

This paper surveys viewpoint of headmasters and teachers of state girl high school in Tehran district 5 on school laboratory and its influence on curriculums. Method-ology of this research is descriptive and statistical population is all teachers and headmasters of mentioned high schools in academic year of 2009-2010 which are 190 people. Estimation of sample was done based on Morgan and Krejcie Table and 127 people were selected through random sampling. Data gathering tools were two structured questionnaires (headmasters and teachers with 21 closed-ended questions and 1 open-ended one). Psychometrics of these tools was examined and their required validity and reliability was provided. Findings showed that headmas-ters and teachers consider libraries effective in curriculum improvement. Almost half of respondents considered it necessary to allocate “Book Reading” within students’ curriculum while such course is not included in students’ curriculum. In order to improve curriculums and expansion of students’ learning، establishment of dynamic school libraries with expert bookkeeper، moderation of school curriculum by inclusion of school libraries programs، and allocation of time to use libraries in schools could be useful and effective.

The study investigates the relationship between organizational health and the technical, human and perceptive performance of high school principals in Islamshahr. It is a correlation study. The population includes all principlas(74) and teachers(1209), of which a sample of 120 is chosen randomly. The data re gathered through two questionnaires: organizational health (Khanloo,1385) and Manager performance( Enayati, 1382).
Multivariate regression analysis is used to investigate the research questions. The results show that there is a positive relationship between organizational health and the technical, human and perceptive performance.

This study sought to evaluate the EFQM model’s efficiency of secondary and high schools quality assessment from the teachers and managers’ viewpoints. Regarding the participants and research questions, the study enjoyed a measuring method along with pragmatic aims. The research design was cross-sectional time-wise implementing a questionnaire as its tool. A pool of 304 teachers and school managers from the urban city of Varamin in Tehran Province volunteered to participate in the study, 28 of whom were school managers and 276 others were teachers from private secondary and high schools. The researcher performed a census approach for the managers, and stratified random selection for the teachers. The ultimate number of selected managers and teachers for the study turned out to be 28 and 162, respectively, based on KEREJI and Morgan table. In the data analyses section, besides using descriptive statistical analyses, some analogical analyses such as one-group ttest, independent two-group t-test, and ANCOVA were practiced in the study, too. By comparing statistically the obtained results with the results of other similar studies, it was concluded, then, that EFQM model, while being efficient in industrial organizations and successful in several European and Asian universities, can also be beneficially applied for Iranian schools. Finally, since customers’ satisfaction in private schools is a competitively maintained end, these schools are academically more inclined to adopt cutting-edge approaches to teaching compared with that of public schools.