religious teachings

The present study aimed to investigate the Effectiveness of Group Therapy Based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on the Mental Health and Social Adjustment of Students (with an Emphasis on Religious Teachings). The research used the quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test and a follow-up period (3 months) including an experimental group and a control group. The statistical population included all female students in the second year of high school in Isfahan in the academic year 1401-1402. 40 students were randomly selected using cluster sampling method and were assigned to two experimental groups (20 students) and control group (20 students). The intervention program was administered for 8 sessions of 90 minutes. For data collection, the Goldberg and Hiller Mental Health Questionnaire (1979) and the Lambert et al. Adaptive Behavior Questionnaire (1974) were used. The data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance in SPSS-23 software. The results showed that group education based on acceptance and commitment with emphasis on religious teachings has a significant effect on increasing the mental health and social adjustment of students (P<0.001).

The purpose of the present study was to explain the views of elementary teachers and education specialists on the role of religious teachings in the citizenship education of students (2022-2023).  This research was conducted in a qualitative approach using thematic analysis. The participants of the research were elementary school teachers of Marvdasht city and educational experts of Shiraz University, who were selected purposefully (14 primary school teachers and 6 education specialists) using theoretical saturation criteria method. The research tool was semi-structured interview. The method of data analysis was Attride-Stirling's (2001) theme analysis, which led to the identification of the global, organizing and basic themes. The validity of the findings, the method of building an audit trail and matching members was used. The results obtained from the analysis of the interviews include 124 basic themes (enhancement of hope, trustworthiness, confidentiality, avoiding hasty judgments, respect and politeness, preserving the environment, observing the laws of the country, commanding good and forbidding evil, paying attention to the health of the soul. and the body and.....). The six organizing themes of  first dimension including (belief-moral; social-political; economic-professional; aesthetic-cognitive-artistic; biological-physical and scientific-technological) corresponding to the domains of the fundamental transformation document and 18 organizing themes in the second dimension was based on the classification of each domain in three dimensions: cognitive, emotional, and behavioral, and finally, an global theme called religion and citizenship. The results obtained regarding the role of religion in citizenship education indicated a comprehensive and deep view of religious teachings on how to educate citizenship in individual-social dimensions, which should be the attention of experts, teachers, planners and parents.

The purpose of this research was to prepare a sexual self-care package for mentally retarded students based on religious teachings.

Research method, foundation data, and in order to gather information from an analyticallibrary approach using psychological books and articles in the field of self-care, sexual health, as well as narrative books, rulings and religious sources, as well as interviews with experts in religious sciences and psychologists in the field of sexual self-care. became. Extraction of relevant articles from reliable domestic and foreign citation databases with keywords "maturity, self-care, religious teachings" as well as related narrations was done through the Jamari-al-Hadith software.

By examining the articles, books and traditions, 47 core codes were obtained, which were placed in the form of 18 selective codes, and based on that, a training package was compiled based on the opinions of 15 experts in behavioral and religious sciences and religious texts, and its validity and reliability were examined. And it was approved.

Considering that the package developed in the current research was approved in terms of validity and reliability, therefore it can be said; One of the influential factors in sexual self-care is informing the family and the student; Creating self-care skills and strengthening behaviors that prevent sexual deviations leads to the sexual health of mentally retarded teenagers, so including the sex education program in the "family education" programs of schools; It is important to increase the information and awareness and literacy of teachers as those who, after parents, have a great influence on the education and fate of students, and also to provide suitable solutions or necessary interventions in the field of sexual self-care.

Faith-based education aims to shape fundamental understandings of human life and beliefs through the teaching of religious teachings. In recent decades, a significant concern has been providing suitable epistemic content to foster transformative faith experiences among learners. Within the context of Islamic education, efforts have been made to develop epistemic plans. However, these plans need reconsideration from two perspectives: First, they often remain confined within limited thought paradigms, failing to engage emotions and sentiments effectively, and thus not leading to behavioral transformation. Second, they lack a substantial divine dimension, making it challenging to attribute them directly to revealed texts.In this context, among the scholars, Ali Safai Haeri has addressed these concerns. He has developed an epistemic plan that begins with core religious teachings and extends to the necessary criteria for decision-making in various life situations. Notably, hedraws inspiration from Quranic literature in his work titled “A Merchant’s Perspective on Human Life.”This study employs a descriptive-analytical method to extract his epistemic framework, focusing specifically on essential religious teachings such as “knowing man and his dignity,” “knowing Allah and His Greatness and Mercy,” “knowing humanity’s role in existence,” “Belief in the Afterlife,” and “knowing the role of prophets and Imams in guiding man.” By integrating insights from the Quranic concept of “trade,” the resulting epistemic content takes on a fresh perspective.

Human beings are calculative creatures! Our lives, with their countless choices and actions, are a series of transactions. Therefore, it is logical to expect us to be prudent in this regard!Generally speaking, the nature of any trade can be summarized in four components: what we give (inputs), what we receive (outputs), the needs or desires that drive us to engage in trade (needs or desires), and finally, the party with whom we trade (buyers). Consequently, a calculative person must accurately understand these four elements in every transaction to ensure the correctness of their trade.Inputs: In comparing myself to other beings—such as animals, trees, and stones—I find, in addition to the common talents (capital) I possess, I have unique abilities such as thinking, reasoning (intellect), free will, choice, and conscience, which they lack. Therefore, I (the human) am more capable and, as a result, more efficient than they are. Additionally, by carefully observing the interaction among my abilities, I realize that they function like the letters of the alphabet. Consequently, despite the limitations of each, their interaction makes their efficiency/value infinite and unlimited. Thus, the precise measure of this capability/efficiency is obtained.Needs/Desires: From the existence of additional human talents, we can infer the continuation of life (existence of other worlds), even if only as a possibility. These abilities are meant for those realms, much like how we infer from observing a fetus in the womb. Since the extent of human ability (efficiency) is infinite, continuing this path implies an infinite journey. This long and infinite path that we hypothesize for humans will bring about needs, and since this path is infinite, undoubtedly, its needs will also be immense.Outputs: The calculative human must trade with their talents/capital and cultivate them to properlymeet their immense needs on the long journey ahead. Naturally, we will seek a buyer who can cultivate our infinite capital.Buyers: We face various buyers such as the “soul,” the “world,” and “people.” However, all of them either have less capital than us, like the world and the soul, or are on the same level as us, like people. Therefore, they cannot be our trading partners because they cannot increase our capital; instead, they diminish it, causing us to lose what we have.At this stage, a question arises: Is there a superior buyer worthy of trading with humans? The “comings and goings of abilities and inabilities” and the “existence of a set of unwanted limitations” in humans indicate that none of these events occur by his will. He is bound by this situation, and there must necessarily be a ruler who orchestrates these comings and goings and limitations. Careful consideration of the concept of “ruler” reveals that a ruler cannot be bound (non-subjugation). From non-subjugation, we can infer the attributes of “self-sufficiency” and “limitlessness.” The ruler’s self-sufficiency also implies “non-composition.” Similarly, the ruler’s limitlessness can guide us to “uniqueness,” “encompassment,” “presence,” “knowledge,” “power,” and so on. Additionally, if we accept the ruler’s self-sufficiency, we can also consider the ruler to be “beneficent” and “merciful.” These combined attributes indicate that the ruler can be the buyer of our capital because none of the deficiencies and shortcomings of previous buyers exist in the ruler.

Method of Trade: 

To trade with the ruler, our actions must have three characteristics: Firstly, they must be for the ruler (intention). Secondly, they must be in the manner and method that the ruler desires (tradition). Thirdly, in cases of conflict between actions (the ruler’s desires), the most important one should be prioritized (importance).To achieve “tradition,” among the possible ways (“instinct,” “revelation and inspiration to each individual,” “sending a book for everyone,” “appointing an intermediary and guide”), only the third way is undeniable. To verify the claimants, we can use five characteristics: “knowledge of what I do not know,” “freedom from attractions,” “kindness towards me (human),” “ability to perform miracles and miraculous deeds,” and “information provided by previous guides.”

This study aimed to present the fundamental teachings of religion using an innovative and novel method. The main structure of the paper was built based on the pillars of trade (input or capital, output, need or desire, buyer) and developed over ten steps. In the first and second steps, preliminaries about the “nature of trade in human life and the factors of human loss in it” were discussed. In the third and fourth steps, under human capital, the “human talents and their greatness and their incompatibility with worldly goals” were highlighted. The fifth and sixth steps were dedicated to the “continuation of human life (the afterlife) and the immense needs it entails.” Steps six to eight, under the pretext of discussing buyers, explained “knowing God and His distinguishing attributes by moving beyond the soul, people, and the world”. In the last two steps, under the method of trading with Him, the “path to reaching Him” and the “divine proofs and ways to identifying them” were discussed.In summary, as previously mentioned, this plan has two advantages compared to many similar plans. First, in choosing the format and language of the discussion, it is Quran-based. Second, the knowledge it conveys is not abstract; rather, it is belief-forming and emotion-evoking, a feature that relates to the tangible and perceptible nature of the concept of “trade” for humans.

In their paper, the authors have conducted this research in order to examine the efficacy of positive thinking education with emphasis on religious teachings on students' psychological capital and psychological well-being. The studied project is a semi-experimental pretest-posttest design with control group. The statistical population consisted of all third-grade male students of second course of secondary schools in Khoy city during the academic year 1400-1401. In order to select subjects, using cluster sampling method, forty participants were randomly selected and assigned to the experimental group (twenty participants) and control group (twenty participants). The pre-test was performed for both groups. A positive thinking intervention program based on religious teachings was conducted for the experimental group consisting of ten priods of 90 minute sessions. At the end of the training course, a post-test was conducted. For data collection, a psychological capital questionnaire (Lutatz, Yousef and Oliva, 2007) and a psychological well-being questionnaire (Reif, 1989) were used. The research data was examined using covariance analysis method. The results of data analysis revealed that positive thinking training based on religious teachings helped increase the psychological capital and psychological well-being of students, and the participants in the experimental group had significantly higher psychological capital and psychological well-being scores in the posttest phase (p < 0.05). In general, the findings confirm the usefulness and efficacy of positive thinking education based on religious teachings in enhancing students' psychological capital and psychological well-being.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the content of elementary school textbooks based on the degree of attention to religious teachings. The study method was quantitative content analysis and the research population included all the textbooks of the first to third grades of elementary school that were used in primary schools in the academic year 2021-2022. Based on this, 22 book titles with 423 lessons, 2455 pages and 2469 images in total were reviewed and analyzed. The coding process was done deductively. The components of religious teachings (doctrinal teachings, moral-value teachings, ritual-practical teachings, emotional teachings) were extracted from theoretical foundations and in consultation with 7 professors of religious education. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (chi-square) were used to analyze the data and a retest method was used to study the reliability. The amount of agreement calculated as a criterion for coding reliability was 79%. The findings of this study showed that the component of moral values has the highest frequency and emotional teachings have the lowest frequency. The books of heavenly gifts, Persian and Quran have the most teachings and the least amount are found in the books of experimental sciences and in all the books they are thematic in teaching religious teachings.

The aim of this study was to identify and analyze the competencies of managers in achieving good governance based on religious and local teachings. Research data in the qualitative phase were collected through a systematic review of the most prominent religious and historical documents and books that analyzed using the data-based method, which nine sub-indicators in two main components is identified. For qualitative validation and validation of coding results; Expert approval method was used. Quantitative data were collected using a pairwise comparison questionnaire whose validity was confirmed using CVR coefficient and its reliability was confirmed by calculating the incompatibility rate and analyzed by using fuzzy interpretive structural modeling and Matlab software .The findings of the study indicated the placement of the identified indicators in four levels that Islamic competencies were ranked in the fourth level as the most fundamental and effective competencies. The third level included value and attitude competencies. Knowledge, skills, personality and organizational competencies were in the second level, and finally, behavioral and interactive competencies were placed in the highest level as the most effective competencies.

The hotel industry is one of the largest sectors of the tourism industry. The tourism industry is made up of a large number of businesses, all of which have one thing in common: «providing essential or desirable products for tourists as well as the services they need.» Success in the hotel industry depends on the observance of the requirements known as the decoration system. The decoration system refers to the familiarity with how to optimally manage the work environment, and creates valuable results for production and service organizations in organizing and arranging work environments, as well as creating desirable habits and a customer-oriented culture. By emphasizing the decoration of hard and soft aspects of the work environment, this system brings morale, vitality, safety, and quality and at the same time, by eliminating environmental constraints, increases the efficiency and health of employees. The implementation of the mentioned system isdone to achieve several goals.The present study, relying on the library method in the context of discovery and also, using conceptual analysis and development of religious teachings, evaluates the decoration system based on an understanding of Islamic verses and traditions related to hotel management and organization.

The aim of this research was providing a model of professional ethics of high school managers based on religious teachings. The present study was applied from type of descriptive. The research population was high school managers of Tehran city in the 2018-19 academic years. The research sample according to Cochran's formula calculated 233 people who to ensure the sample size number of 400 people were selected as a sample by multi-stage cluster sampling method. Data were collected by the 75 items researcher-made questionnaire, that its face and content validity by experts' opinion and its construct validity by exploratory factor analysis was confirmed and its reliability was obtained 0.91 by Cronbach's alpha method. To analyze the data were used from exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling methods in SPSS-20 and Smart-PLS-2 software. The findings showed that professional ethics of school managers based on religious teachings of Islam had seven factors of technical-professional, ethical, individual, social, legal, research and economic that they all had the appropriate factor load. Also, the fit indices of the model of professional ethics of high school managers based on religious teachings of Islam indicated the proper fit of the model and all seven factors had a direct and significant effect on the model (p < 0.05).

This study is aimed at identifying the components of spiritual training in religious (the Holy Qur’an) and non-religious (secular) teachings and their adaptability with the upstream documents of curriculum designing. The research follows a qualitative content analysis. The statistical population of the research includes the Holy Qur’an and its thematic interpretation by Ayatollah Hashemi Rafsanjani in Qur’anic teachings section. Regarding the teachings of secular designing of curriculum, it includes the books and articles in the field of spiritual training and the document of fundamental transformation of education and the document of national curriculum designing. Due to the nature of the research, the sample size is equal to the whole population. The data collection tool is composed of a checklist of Qur’anic verses, documents related to spiritual training from the views of secularism, as well as upstream documents of the Iranian curriculum designing. To confirm the validity of the checklist, the content validity method was employed by referring to the supervisor as well as the professors of the Department of Educational Sciences at the University of Tabriz. Lawshe agreement coefficient was used to confirm the reliability of the tools, and quantitative content analysis was employed for data analysis. The unit of analysis included verses, statements, and phrases in the sources. In the findings section, first the concepts of spiritual training in the form of doctrinal, moral and practical components were extracted from the Qur’anic teachings as well as the secular teachings. Findings showed that in the analysis of the Holy Quran, five concepts (principles of religion), moral component (moral virtues: 88 concepts, and moral vices: 82 concepts), and practical component 8 concepts (from the peripheral principles of religion) were identified as faith components. The degree of similarity between the components of the Qur’anic features and those of secularism were quite low. In contrast, their differences were very high. Furthermore, adaptation of the components of Qur’anic teachings with the upstream documents of the curriculum designing was very high. However, the components of secularism were not compatible with the upstream document of the Iranian curriculum designing. Therefore, the upstream documents of the Iranian curriculum designing, if complying with the Qur’anic teachings in the field of spiritual training, can be an effective source for spiritual training in the educational system.

Adolescence, one of the most critical periods of development, leads to various stressors. Incompatibility with this period may cause injuries such as suicidal ideation. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of positivist psychotherapy, with emphasis on religious teachings, on improving the psychological adjustment of the students with suicidal ideation in secondary school in Khalkhal. It is a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design with an experimental group and a control group. The statistical population, from which 30 people were selected for the experimental group and the control group by multi-stage sampling method, was female students at the secondary school in Khalkhal city in the academic year 2019-2020. The Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (BSSI) and the Bell’s Adjustment Inventory (BAI) (1961) were used for data collection. The findings showed that positive psychotherapy with emphasis on religious teachings has a positive effect on improving psychological adjustment (P <0.01).In general, it can be said that positivist psychotherapy based on religious teachings with a strong theoretical and research background is an appropriate strategy to improve the psychological adjustment of students with suicidal ideation, and it can be used as an effective intervention method in the treatment of this type of mental disorders.

The research was carried out with the aim of studying the principles and criteria for writing content of the syllabus at the general level of women’s seminaries. The methodology of this research is qualitative content analysis, using the theme-oriented method ‎(thematic method)‎ through inductive analysis. Sampling method or the method for selection of analysis unit in this study was theoretical sampling. Regarding the data obtained, the contents of the relevant documents were analyzed in addition to the analysis of the interviews‎, so that by coding the main categories after data saturation, 5 main categories and 39 sub-categories were extracted from the qualitative data, and the internal validity was calculated. Due to the fact that the findings are based on the ideas of prominent experts in ‎seminaries and are ‎consistent with religious teachings, their application is not ‎limited to the higher education system of the ‎seminaries and can be used in various ‎contexts, especially the context of university textbook publication.‎

The purpose of this study was to identify the factors and characteristics of professional high school principals in Tehran based on religious teachings. The research method was mixed and according to interviews with experts. The sample consisted of 16 experts who were selected by purposeful sampling and snowball sampling and semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. In this study, factors and indices were identified based on theoretical and research literature and experts rated them on a 5-point Likert scale for importance and also raised questions in response to open-ended questions. Data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation and one-sample t-test and the results of open-ended question were analyzed with MAXQDA software. Based on the findings of this study, 7 factors and 66 indicators were identified from the viewpoint of experts and experts on factors affecting the professional ethics of school principals. These factors are: 1. Individual factor 2. Social factor 3. Ethical factor 4. Technical-specialized factor 5. Research factor 6. Economic Factor. Legal Fact.

The aim of this research is to study the effectiveness of positive thinking education based on religious teachings on marital adjustment, resilience and the quality of the couples’ life. The research method was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest with control group and follow-up. The statistical population of the study was 240 people (120 couples), whose children were studying at school in 1396-97 Hijri (2017-18), and they were selected based on available sampling, and then randomly assigned to the experimental group (20 couples) and the control group (20 couples). The experimental group were trained for 10 sessions of 90 minutes of positive thinking based on religious teachings. Marital adjustment, resiliency and quality of life questionnaires were used for data collection; and data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) and univariate analysis (ANCOVA). The obtained results showed that positive education based on religious teachings had an impact on marital adjustment, resilience and improving the quality of marital life, and this impact lasted until the one-month follow-up stage.

The present article aims at investigating the following question: how much do the images in lessons related to books of Religious Teachings in grade four of primary school serve to state the concepts pertaining to theology expressed in the textbooks, and how much have they been changed in those two periods of time? The benefit of this research is identifying the weaknesses and deficiencies of the images as far as correspondence with the text is concerned, and preparing the background for modifying and improving those images. The main hypothesis is that illustrators have not paid deep and scrutinizing attention to the text, and they have done imaging mostly according to their personal taste. The research method is analytical-comparative. The sample studied consists of eight lessons related to the concept of theology from the two books of religious teachings in grade four of primary school in Iran in 1360 and 1394 SH. The statistical population was the experts in imaging available including 52 professors, graduates and MA students of visual arts in Tehran and Neyshabur. The process of research was as follows: a questionnaire was prepared according to the high-level documents of the Ministry of Education, containing a table of comparison for 11 indices common between the texts and the images, and the level of correspondence between the images and the related texts as well as the high-level documents were examined.
The findings showed that imaging of the lessons pertaining to theology in books of Religious Teachings in grade four of primary school, altogether, corresponded to the texts 46%. This was 49% for 1360 SH and 41% for 1394, showing that the illustrators’ attention to the text, especially its content themes, is not sufficient, and they have not well depicted the concept of theology hidden in the text as the main goal of the lesson.

This study sought to investigate the effects of positive thinking skills training based on Islamic teachings and beliefs on resilience and psychological well-being of mothers with autistic children. This quasi-experimental research had a pretest-posttest control group design. The statistical population of the study comprised all mothers with autistic children who were referred to Social Welfare Centers in Tabriz in 2016 from among them thirty individuals were selected through convenience sampling method and assigned to experimental and control groups. The instruments consisted of Ryff’s Psychological Well-Being Scale (1989) and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (2003). The obtained data were analyzed by using ANCOVA and MANCOVA. The results demonstrated that positive thinking skills training based on Islamic teachings and beliefs had significant, positive effects on mothers’ psychological well-being and resilience. As to the components of psychological well-being, positive thinking skills training had significant, positive effects on personal growth, positive relations with others, environmental mastery, and self-acceptance, whereas the intervention did not have any significant impact on autonomy and purpose in life. Hence, positive thinking skills training based on Islamic teachings and beliefs can enhance psychological well-being and resilience of mothers with autistic children and due to the relationship between psychological well-being and resilience with many health-promoting variables, this training can help improve autistic children’s lives.

Police, who provide security and public order in the community, always interact with citizens and confront offenders and criminals. It is clear that police behavior is not less important than its mission. Because the behaviors and actions of the police forces have a direct impact on their efficiency, so that, if these forces succeed in their mission and conduct their work, but do not succeed in their behavior and morality, they will practically lose their effec- tiveness and the result of their activities will be under question.
The research method is both library studies and software. In this research, the books that are listed in the reference were used, as well as exist- ing narrative and interpretive software and Internet.
Findings and The author in this research has tried to trace the behav-
ior of the police and examine the causes of injury and its prevention strate- gies. The findings revealed that police misconduct with the public could have various injuries to the police, including moral, behavioral, political, social, military and administrative injuries. Also, the study of verses and Islamic nar- rations in this field showed that in order to prevent and cope with the weak- nesses and problems in this area, we can use such methods as supervision on forces, justification and training forces, legal and disciplinary treatment,
promotion of skill and technique, strengthening beliefs and self-esteem in employees etc.

The present research is going to determine the principles and strategies of a productive social relation which are taken from the Religious and Psychological teachings. The main question is what the principles and strategies of the effective relations are from the Religious and Psychological perspective. The research method is descriptive- analytic. For this purpose, after familiarity with and getting concepts and reasons which have been derived from the religious and psychological texts, the paper analyzes them and then implies to the principles and strategies which are based on the religious and psychological texts. The results show that the most outstanding principles and social interaction strategies which are accorded with the Religious and Psychological teachings are: familiarity with needs, knowing the community which is our goal, acquaintance with norms, knowing the message and the method of transmitting message, creating deliberate verbal and non-verbal relations, using of paradigm learning, attention to the individual differences and knowing capacity, considering the gender differences, mastering the contents of the religious teachings in summary, intelligence and familiarity with the techniques and rules of creating relation and transmitting messages, using the individual attractions, ……

Spirituality, is inseparable part of ethics and human values and have a high importance on monotheism religions. This is importance from that human nature have a fundamental tendency to positive and favorite values. The lack of faith is alarm bell that revealing human disability in facing to difficulties of life. Spirituality manifesting in hope and trust to “mercy, grace, compassion, justice, friendship and wisdom” of God. Hopefulness and trust of human beings helps them in passing and ephemeral moments of life and to be accept the will of God. Spirituality in work, is inspiring and motivating power in permanent search for finding goal and meaning of life based on working, deep knowing to value of working, extent of the world, creatures of nature environment, and system of personal belief. Spirituality have connection with three levels of organizational behavior that is individual, group and organizational levels, and despite the fact that spirituality in organization, have a deep philosophical and personal conception, but more or less in all of definitions of scientific and academic centers, spirituality including of integrity, perfection, cohesion in working milieu and deep values in work. Based-spirituality organization will accompanied by numerous advantages including of staff health and self-control. Also, gained God’s favor in result of spirituality, will be effect on work success. Based on studies and research findings, religious beliefs as a transcendence basic indicator, can lead towards perfection and transcendence, and as a result, organizational spiritual and mental health, and finally spiritual transcendence of staff have a rightful effect on individual and social health. Furthermore, it seems that doing the proper and consistent cultural engineering in religious teachings and knowing to reality of Islamic worldview and ideology is essential for NAJA (Islamic Republic Disciplinary Force), and by its performing, to take important steps for spiritualizing the self, Islamic society and extant organizations.