school administration

This paper aims to to describe and interpret of how researchers and practioners understand the concept of "educational leadership" in their published articles in relevant refereed research journals on educational studies towards identifying major issues and approaches were applied by the authors to tackle the concept of educational leadership.

Using interpretive-critical approach and a qualitative meta-analysis strategy,‌ researchers were trying to answer research questions. The research scope was all aritcles in the field of educational leadership which have been published in Iranian research journals respectively. According to the agreed criteria, 62 quite relevant papers were selected and analyzed qualitatively.

The findings on the applied research strategies showed that about 89% of the reviewed articles were conducted quantitatively via the positivist approaches. It was also seen that different leadership patterns such as transformational leadership, distributional, moral security, spirituality, and servant have been taken into account by the studied cases showing that they were in line with current international practices. It seems that some leardership patterns have been influenced by the Islamic culture and values rather than relevant international theoretical issues. Additionally the findings indicated that despite the importance has been given to some modern leadership patterns such as justice-centered leadership, technology-orientation, and instructional leadership by foreign researchers, these patterns have not yey been addressed by Iranian researchers. Further analysis showed that the concept of educational leadership and its content, patterns of writing and research paradigms have been changing increasingly in recent decades resulting in some kind of intellectual flourishing. As a result, despite its limited scope as an international subject heavely rooted in organizational ideas and male single-person writers, it has been transformed to a multifaceted topic in which not only the number of published articles has been sharply increased but also the number and combination of authors in particular female authors and contributers has increase too. Along with these positive changes, it seems that the contribution of young researchers in publishing articles is reduced.

The findings emphasize the role of the editors and the monitoring committees for publications in the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology in examining the content of specialized educational management journal and preventing the unplanned extension of topics beyond the boundaries of the field. It also emphasizes the role of supervisors and advisors in universities and education providers to encourage graduate students to focus on leadership issues in schools in order to

To explore the extent to which spiritually-based leadership is implemented in Iranian school management system, a cluster sample of 375 elementary school teachers, along with a group of 10 experts, was selected and given a specially constructed questionnaire with an acceptable validity, as judged by  experts, and an internal consistency of 0.85. Data analyses yielded the following: school principals lack most of the indices of faith (13 out of 19), as they did those of organizational commitment (7 out of 10), and meaningfulness (4 out of 6). All in all, the current state differs significantly from that which is desired. Mechanisms by which things can improve are delineated from the experts’ views using the Delphi technique.

In order to extract lessons from the experiences of Iranian historical schools, this article pay attention to study the "Shukatiyeh" School as one of the pioneer schools in the east of the country. The main concern of the study was to answer two questions. The first question is, on what basis can the establishment of the "Shukatiyeh" School be explained? The second question, what can be learned from the characteristics of the "Shukatiyeh" to improve the current schooling system? A historical-analytical approach has used to answer these questions. Therefore, first, "Shukatiyeh" School has located with in the context of the historical developments of the "New Schooling Movement" in Iran. Following, political, cultural and geopolitical backgrounds are identified as the factors of formation of the "Shukatiyeh" School. Finally, inspired by the "Parsons" model, the characteristics of the "Shukatiyeh" are classified into three levels of institutional, managerial, and technical, and lessons are suggested for improvement of school administration performance. A historical-analytical approach has used to answer these questions. Therefore, first, "Shukatiyeh" School has located with in the context of the historical developments of the "New Schooling Movement" in Iran. Following, political, cultural and geopolitical backgrounds are identified as the factors of formation of the "Shukatiyeh" School. Finally, inspired by the "Parsons" model, the characteristics of the "Shukatiyeh" are classified into three levels of institutional, managerial, and technical, and lessons are suggested for improvement of school administration performance. In order to extract lessons from the experiences of Iranian historical schools, this article pay attention to study the "Shukatiyeh" School as one of the pioneer schools in the east of the country. The main concern of the study was to answer two questions. The first question is, on what basis can the establishment of the "Shukatiyeh" School be explained? The second question, what can be learned from the characteristics of the "Shukatiyeh" to improve the current schooling system? A historical-analytical approach has used to answer these questions. Therefore, first, "Shukatiyeh" School has located with in the context of the historical developments of the "New Schooling Movement" in Iran. Following, political, cultural and geopolitical backgrounds are identified as the factors of formation of the "Shukatiyeh" School. Finally, inspired by the "Parsons" model, the characteristics of the "Shukatiyeh" are classified into three levels of institutional, managerial, and technical, and lessons are suggested for improvement of school administration performance. A historical-analytical approach has used to answer these questions. Therefore, first, "Shukatiyeh" School has located with in the context of the historical developments of the "New Schooling Movement" in Iran. Following, political, cultural and geopolitical backgrounds are identified as the factors of formation of the "Shukatiyeh" School. Finally, inspired by the "Parsons" model, the characteristics of the "Shukatiyeh" are classified into three levels of institutional, managerial, and technical, and lessons are suggested for improvement of school administration performance. In order to extract lessons from the experiences of Iranian historical schools, this article pay attention to study the "Shukatiyeh" School as one of the pioneer schools in the east of the country. The main concern of the study was to answer two questions. The first question is, on what basis can the establishment of the "Shukatiyeh" School be explained? The second question, what can be learned from the characteristics of the "Shukatiyeh" to improve the current schooling system? A historical-analytical approach has used to answer these questions. Therefore, first, "Shukatiyeh" School has located with in the context of the historical developments of the "New Schooling Movement" in Iran. Following, political, cultural and geopolitical backgrounds are identified as the factors of formation of the "Shukatiyeh" School. Finally, inspired by the "Parsons" model, the characteristics of the "Shukatiyeh" are classified into three levels of institutional, managerial, and technical, and lessons are suggested for improvement of school administration performance. A historical-analytical approach has used to answer these questions. Therefore, first, "Shukatiyeh" School has located with in the context of the historical developments of the "New Schooling Movement" in Iran. Following, political, cultural and geopolitical backgrounds are identified as the factors of formation of the "Shukatiyeh" School. Finally, inspired by the "Parsons" model, the characteristics of the "Shukatiyeh" are classified into three levels of institutional, managerial, and technical, and lessons are suggested for improvement of school administration performance. In order to extract lessons from the experiences of Iranian historical schools, this article pay attention to study the "Shukatiyeh" School as one of the pioneer schools in the east of the country. The main concern of the study was to answer two questions. The first question is, on what basis can the establishment of the "Shukatiyeh" School be explained? The second question, what can be learned from the characteristics of the "Shukatiyeh" to improve the current schooling system? A historical-analytical approach has used to answer these questions. Therefore, first, "Shukatiyeh" School has located with in the context of the historical developments of the "New Schooling Movement" in Iran. Following, political, cultural and geopolitical backgrounds are identified as the factors of formation of the "Shukatiyeh" School. Finally, inspired by the "Parsons" model, the characteristics of the "Shukatiyeh" are classified into three levels of institutional, managerial, and technical, and lessons are suggested for improvement of school administration performance. A historical-analytical approach has used to answer these questions. Therefore, first, "Shukatiyeh" School has located with in the context of the historical developments of the "New Schooling Movement" in Iran. Following, political, cultural and geopolitical backgrounds are identified as the factors of formation of the "Shukatiyeh" School. Finally, inspired by the "Parsons" model, the characteristics of the "Shukatiyeh" are classified into three levels of institutional, managerial, and technical, and lessons are suggested for improvement of school administration performance. In order to extract lessons from the experiences of Iranian historical schools, this article pay attention to study the "Shukatiyeh" School as one of the pioneer schools in the east of the country. The main concern of the study was to answer two questions. The first question is, on what basis can the establishment of the "Shukatiyeh" School be explained? The second question, what can be learned from the characteristics of the "Shukatiyeh" to improve the current schooling system? A historical-analytical approach has used to answer these questions. Therefore, first, "Shukatiyeh" School has located with in the context of the historical developments of the "New Schooling Movement" in Iran.