virtual space

The purpose of this research was to investigate the factors of psychological and social harms of using virtual space in Aja employees. The type of applied research and research method is descriptive-qualitative with quantitative-qualitative (mixed) data analysis approach. The studied community of Payor Aja employees includes officers, rank-and-file and employees in the General Staff, Nezaja, Aja and Ndaja forces. The sample size based on Morgan's table is 383 people. In this research, the library method was used, with the receipt of documents and related sources, and in the field method, interviews with experts and questionnaires were used. Mean and standard deviation were used for data analysis in the descriptive statistics section, and Pearson's correlation coefficient tests and one-way analysis of variance were used in the inferential statistics section. The findings showed that between the dimensions of social damage; Divorce, addiction, unemployment and sexual deviations with extreme use of virtual space had a significant correlation at the P<0.05 level, but between the dimensions of social harm; Suicide and theft with excessive use of virtual space, significant correlation, no significant relationship was obtained. between the dimensions of mental injuries; (physicalization, obsessive compulsiveness, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, morbid anxiety, paranoid thoughts, psychoticism) and excessive use of virtual space had a significant correlation at P<0.01 level. In sum, the results of this research stated that excessive use of virtual space causes damage in various social and psychological dimensions.dimensions

This article was done with the aim of designing a national media policy model on the audio and video content of virtual space with an emphasis on the fifth generation internet. The current article is an applied-developmental research in terms of its purpose, and it is a survey-cross-sectional research from the point of view of the data collection method. The community of participants in the qualitative section includes managers with experience of the Supreme Council of Virtual Space and in the quantitative section it also includes media activists of the country. To analyze the expert interviews, the qualitative analysis of the theme and the data from the questionnaire were also analyzed with the partial least squares method. The results showed that the overarching themes of the model are: foundational factors, technical factors, and media-related factors. The foundational factors include managerial, legal and cultural factors; Technical factors include technology factors and fifth generation internet and finally media-related factors include: interaction with new media, national media policy, social responsibility of national media and multimedia content of virtual space. Also, the research findings showed that, based on the research model, managerial, legal, scientific and cultural factors have an impact on national media policy making. On the other hand, the 5th generation internet provides basic conditions and the social responsibility of the national media is also an intervening factor that affects the interaction with new media. Finally, by interacting with new media, it is possible to develop the multimedia content of virtual space

The aim of this study is to design a model for collaborative learning in virtual environments, specifically focusing on the Islamic Azad Universities in Tehran. The research is applied in terms of its goal, employs qualitative data, and is exploratory in nature, based on a grounded theory approach. The study population consists of experts, and 15 experts were selected for interviews through theoretical sampling of the snowball type, based on theoretical data saturation. A semi-structured interview was used as the research tool, organizing the dimensions, components, and indicators of the collaborative learning model in virtual environments. Initially, several models, findings, studies, and national and global theories were reviewed to create the interview form. Subsequently, open coding was used to identify indicators, and axial coding categorized them into dimensions, components, and indicators, which were then sent to the 15 experts. Through selective coding, interviews, the Delphi method, and brainstorming, the dimensions and components were identified. As a result, three dimensions, nine components, and 62 indicators for the virtual collaborative learning model were finalized. Following the experts' final validation and prioritization, the model's dimensions, components, and indicators were mapped, and the model was re-validated by experts.

The issue of writing should be considered as a historical situation that has made it possible to produce and record knowledge and information. The position of writing is dependent on the tools that enable ideas to transform into the materiality of the writing. Therefore, with the change of writing tools, the possibilities of creating ideas and producing knowledge, along with publishing tools, have also changed. Therefore, the main goal of the article is to clarify the function of and the sharing of writing in the digital situation by the social science faculty members. For the social science professor, the position of writing is the most important and main position of knowledge production for a social scientist. The position of writing about the community for the community, in social networks, what new positions has it activated? To answer this question, an in-depth interview was conducted with 6 social scientists who are faculty members, and the data were coded in MAXQDA software. Based on the obtained results, the position of writing in social networks has led to rapid writing in the face of the rhythm of the movement of forces shaping the space-time of the current situation and creating an imagination of it. The rapid writing is to generate information and create propositional knowledge about the issues of the present time. The rapid writing is related to the contemporary living characteristic of the social scientist, where knowledge and information flows affect each other.

The purpose of this research was the paradigm model of electronic content production training to prepare teachers to teach in the virtual space of elementary schools in Bushehr province. The present research method was qualitative and practical in terms of purpose. The statistical population included managers and experts of electronic content production training centers and faculty members of Farhangian universities and professors of the educational management department in Bushehr universities. The sampling method in qualitative approach was non-random (targeted) and in the form of snowball.In order to determine the sample size, considering that the criterion of sample adequacy in qualitative research was theoretical saturation, for this reason interviews were conducted with 15 experts until theoretical saturation. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview. For data analysis, the method of foundational data theory, coding and analysis was used.The findings showed that the central category of the quality of education is the production of electronic content to prepare teachers to teach in the virtual space, a function of causal conditions (1-learning environment, 2-content editing, 3-planning, 4-implementation and support), background conditions (1-infrastructures technical 2-teachers' basic knowledge and skills) and intervening conditions (1-evaluation 2-educational strategies of the organization).These factors create the conditions for the implementation of actions and interactions (1-determining the topics of content production in educational books of educators 2-creating motivation in teachers 3-holding consecutive courses while serving 4-improving technical infrastructures 5-using educated and experienced teachers 6-training in time and suitable place) provides the consequences (1-1-increasing academic performance 2-creating educational justice 3-increasing the quality of education 4-increasing teacher productivity). And finally, the findings of the confirmatory factor analysis of the quantitative part showed that the presented model has a suitable scientific validity.

The purpose of this research is to present the small business model in cyberspace with an entrepreneurial approach. In terms of practical purpose, the research is survey-descriptive; in terms of data collection, the research approach is inductive reasoning and exploratory mixed research strategy in which qualitative research is used in the first stage and quantitative research in the second stage. The method of collecting information in the qualitative part was in-depth interviews. For this purpose, theoretical sampling was done from the research community, which includes experts and managers in the field of business in virtual space and professors in the field of software (business). In this way, with thirty people interviews have been conducted. In the quantitative part of the research, data were collected using a questionnaire. The sampling method was stratified random in a proportional way. To determine the sample size in a limited population, 77 people were selected by using Cochran's method. In the qualitative part (grounded theory), data analysis was used on the basic theory and the coding process. In the quantitative part of the research, after collecting and summarizing the data, descriptive tests, exploratory factor analysis and exploratory structural equation modeling were used using SPSS 24 and PLS Smart 2 software. The findings showed that knowing human relations, investing in entrepreneurship, keeping up with the fast-paced changes in the world, requirements of virtual business, knowing the characteristics of the market and characteristics of the buyer, are the effective factors on the small business model in the virtual space with an entrepreneurial approach

Nowadays, virtual technology has left its impact on all the aspects and dimensions of human life. As with the emergence of traditional and industrial technologies in the past, people's ideas about many things, including lifestyles, production and productivity processes, work and labor systems, industrial and professional services, social relations and education, etc., have changed. Concepts have also undergone semantic and conceptual transformations. For example, the emergence of concepts such as cyber democracy, technological revolution, media literacy, digital enlightenment, digital identity, and... are also among the changes and transformations that have occurred under the influence of the emergence of new technologies. In this article, we will mention the consequences of the evolution of new technologies in the field of education and especially the turns that occur in education and training due to technological advances.

in terms of practical purpose and in terms of simple random sampling, it is appropriate for the volume and collection of descriptive-surveillance data. The population includes all children from the first to the fifth grade in Rah Danesh Boys' Primary School with 350 students and Parvin Etisami Girls' Primary School with 370 students located in Sanandaj city, with a statistical sample of 250 students using Cochran's formula. The standard questionnaires of the use of virtual space by Lee et al. (2008) and the emotional well-being of Keyes and Magyarmo (2003) were distributed among the target samples and after collecting them, the data were analyzed using PLS software. The findings showed that 1- there is a significant relationship between the use of virtual space and emotional well-being, 2- gender plays a moderating role between the use of virtual space and well-being, and 3- the hours of using virtual space play a moderating role between the use of virtual space virtuality and emotional well-being. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between the use of virtual space and emotional wellbeing, the moderating role of hours of use of virtual space and gender in children of Sanandaj city.

Virtual learning refers to all forms of teaching and learning that are implemented and supported electronically and are based on values such as being student-centered, independent, self-directed, and active. The aim of this research is to examine the challenges in teaching and assessment within the virtual environment. To gather the findings of this research, we used a library-based method, which is classified as fundamental research. The investigations conducted regarding the challenges facing virtual learning showed that in this context, challenges can be observed for both students and teachers and parents. This is because children become overly dependent on visual and smart devices, which reduces learners' motivation and makes it difficult for some families to provide the necessary internet access. The use of this space has caused teachers to spend insufficient time teaching in their classrooms and to use other people's materials excessively, and real assessment in this space is quite difficult and not so widely accepted. Regarding the challenges of assessment, written assessments, classroom Q&A, class presentations, and electronic portfolios can be mentioned, which are all explained in detail in the text.

The purpose of this research was to find out how and how much postgraduate students use virtual space in research activities.

This research was conducted with a mixed exploratory approach. In the qualitative phase, The field of research was 20 students were selected for semi-structured interview based on criteria. The results of the interviews were analyzed using the hierarchical thematic analysis method. Then, in the quantitative stage, a survey method was used to collect information. The statistical population of the research was the students of humanities faculties of Bu -Ali Sina University, 252 people were selected in a relative stratified manner. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and one-sample T-test.

The result of the qualitative analysis of the research indicated that: students use resources search and retrieval tools, collaborative tools and content preparation tools in accordance with the twelve stages of research. Also, the results of the quantitative phase of the research showed that the amount of students' use of virtual space in the form of resources search and retrieval tools, collaborative tools, and content preparation tools in research activities was at a significant level and above the average level, among the tools, the most The use is related to search and resource retrieval tools, content preparation tools, and collaborative tools.

Universities should take practical steps and make important decisions to acquaint students with the capabilities of the Internet in research.

The purpose of this research is to investigate and explain media factors affecting the occurrence of online cheating in Iran. This research is of a qualitative type that has used the analytical descriptive method. Therefore, the key concepts including disloyality, internet disloyality, and media were defined according to the background of past researches that were more related to the subject, and then eight factors were identified as media factors that had more influence than others and they were explained and described. The media factors affecting virtual cheating are limited to two main factors that each of these is converted into four sub-factors: 1- media underlying factors that include addiction, lack of real identity authentication, easy access and low cost, and 2 - Debilitating factors of the media, which include promoting atheism, changing lifestyles, destroying privacy and globalization. The results indicated that the media and virtual networks gradually shake the adherence of their users and audiences to the values and norms accepted in the culture and as a result the security of the family's heart. Also that social media which promotes globalization hurts the family’s lifestyle and the native pattern and the attitude and religious beliefs, and with the normalization of extramarital relationships, they become the basis for the occurrence of online infidelity in the first place and marital infidelity in the final place. So it is suggested that due to the unfamiliarity and novelty of the concept of online cheating for a many people in the society, especially young people, more awareness should be given about it with different and appropriate methods and tools by cultural, social and educational authorities.

The virtual space of the Internet is a new generation of social relations space, and considering that it does not have a long life, it has been able to make a good place in people's lives. Cyberspace is distinguished from other media by having the characteristics of digitality, virtual memory, interactivity, and non-centrality. The purpose of this research is to identify the opportunities and threats of cyberspace and solutions to reduce harm. This research is a basic theoretical research and its implementation method is in the form of library, analytical and descriptive studies. The findings of this research show that the virtual space and social network that the majority of users have, with all its capabilities, has positive and negative effects and consequences, just like other human achievements. It has opportunities in the field of education, electronics, establishing justice and equality, entertainment, empowerment, time flexibility, unlimited space, etc. In addition, it has damages such as: personal, family, educational, personality, identity, generation gap and addiction for users. To prevent these damages and turn them into opportunities, solutions are also provided. It is like: awareness of media literacy of individuals and parents, inclusion of virtual space education in textbooks, use of television and other media to teach virtual space and show its harms and opportunities in the form of children's films and programs. The cooperation of education institutions and cyber police together and... New communication technologies are a mixture of opportunities and threats, and depending on the amount of cultural foundation and investment of societies in this direction, the amount of threats can be reduced and the amount of opportunities can be increased.

،This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of educational and cultural activities provided through virtual space in the community of Imam Khomeini Relief Committee (RA) in North Khorasan province in 1401. In terms of purpose, application, and the method of doing it, the current research is a bit of a comparative causal type (post-event). The size of the statistical population in the quantitative part of this research is 12,200 people. The sampling method studied in this research is random sampling. The sample size according to the comparative causal research method was 60 people from the Imam Khomeini Relief Committee (RA) of North Khorasan Province, 30 of them received educational and cultural activities and 30 of them received educational activities. And they have not received culture. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire on the effectiveness of educational and cultural activities provided through virtual space in the community of Imam Khomeini Relief Committee (RA) in North Khorasan Province in 1401. For statistical analysis, T-test was used to answer the research questions and compare the average of two groups. The findings showed that the educational activities provided through virtual space in the community of Imam Khomeini Relief Committee (RA) in North Khorasan province in 1401 are effective in terms of knowledge, skill, attitude, cultural and social dimensions. Key words: educational and cultural activities, virtual space, help-seeking community, Imam Khomeini Relief Committee.

This research was conducted with the aim of studying the relationship between the use of virtual space and the moral education of female students in the second year of secondary school in Hamadan city. The research was a descriptive and correlational type that was conducted in the community of female students of the second secondary school in Hamedan city in the academic year of 2021-2022 and 364 people were selected as the sample size by multi-stage cluster sampling method. In order to collect information, the questionnaire for measuring the amount of use of virtual space and the moral education questionnaire of Asgarian Bigdeli et al. (2017) were used. The results were analyzed using SPSS software and descriptive and inferential statistics. The results showed that the use of virtual space is related to the four components of familiarity, duration of use, degree of addiction and presence in virtual space, with the general dimension of moral education and the six mentioned dimensions. Meanwhile, the level of familiarity with virtual space has a positive relationship with moral education, and its other three dimensions, i.e., the duration of use, the level of addiction, and the amount of presence in various virtual spaces have a negative relationship with moral education. It seems that trainings in the field of how to use virtual space correctly for students and parents as well as managing this space can be effective in improving students' performance.

Virtual space is like a double-edged sword and a double-sided coin, which is neither absolute good nor absolute evil. Unfortunately, in the current era in Iran, due to many reasons, such as lack of attention to planning, policy making, and action in virtual space, the positive and constructive opportunities of this space   has not been used well and the damage caused by this space is spreading rapidly. Considering the ease of access to the virtual space and the virtualization of education in the era of Covid-19 and the fact that the media literacy of students is much higher than their parents, therefore, we cannot control and monitor students by force, threats and limiting programs children like. The evidence indicates that the best program for students is to teach them how to use virtual space and self-care, which is also introduced in the Holy Quran as the best way to save oneself from sins, self-calculation or self-care. Students' self-care in the cyberspace includes an inner feeling and holding force in the students that makes them monitor their actions and behavior in the cyberspace. Our society is in the most severe need for the growth and education of students in the field of self-care. One of the components that cyberspace strongly affects is the health of students. But according to the definition of the World Health Organization that health means the complete social, mental and physical well-being of a person and not only the absence of disability and disease, so we must pay attention to the mental and social health of students in the virtual space at the same time as physical health.  Life Satisfaction is another component that decreases due to improper use of virtual space. Life satisfaction is the process of people's judgment about themselves. In this process, people measure the quality of their life according to their unique criteria, and it is necessary to have an effective, useful and satisfying life. This judgment process includes a comparison between a person's hypothetical standards and his goals and aspirations with his real life, and the closer his real life is to these hypothetical standards, the more satisfied a person feels with life, and vice versa. It is also mentioned in the Quran that students start taking care of their soul, tongue and all their parts and organs from almost the second year of elementary school and without the need for adults to calculate their actions, they calculate their own soul and h/she is responsible for his/her soul and his/her actions and fights with the air of the soul and achieves self-care so to speak.  Researchers conducted in connection with life satisfaction among students have shown that the satisfaction and positive perception of life in the age group of students is completely different from other age groups. Anxiety, hopelessness and depression are among the undesirable effects of dissatisfaction with life, which will result in the reduction of social trust, social participation and cooperation. Also, the research results indicate that students who use cyber space incorrectly have low life satisfaction and also this group of students have low self-esteem. In general, considering the vital use of virtual space in today's era, especially considering the virtualization of education in the Covid-19 crisis and the ineffectiveness of negative and positive policies, programs should be designed in which the students themselves are involved and instead of controlling the students, it causes their inner transformation. Therefore, the current research was designed and implemented with the aim of the effectiveness of teaching self-care to students in virtual space on health dimensions (mental, social and physical) and satisfaction with personal life of students of the first secondary level of Boukan. The research method was semi-experimental and pre-test-post-test with a control group. The statistical population included all the first grade high school students of Boukan in the academic year of 1401-1400, among them, 72 people were placed in two experimental and control groups (36 people each) by means of purposeful and cluster sampling with random replacement. Research data were collected using the Goldberg & Hillier (1979) health questionnaire and the Hubener (1994) student life satisfaction scale. Data analysis was done using spss software. The results of multivariate covariance analysis showed a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of health (P≥0.01), which is the result of self-care training for students. Therefore, in today's world, with the progress of communication and the ease of access to the virtual space, self-care and participation of the individual seems to be necessary. Because external care has a temporary effect and people take care of themselves due to a kind of external motivation and in some cases it has lasting effects, but self-care causes a kind of internal motivation and lasting commitment in a person. Also, self-care enables a person to maximize their performance and participate to the best of their ability in family, school, work and social life. Also, the results of univariate covariance analysis showed a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in the variable of satisfaction with students' personal life (P≥0.01). Self-care includes purposeful, conscious, acquisition actions that individuals do for themselves and even their families to stay healthy and well, to take care of their mental and physical health, to meet their social and psychological needs, to be safe from accidents and illnesses, and to In general, they always seek to feel satisfied with life, because self-care obviously leads to personal skills and increased efficiency, and it causes people to have better and higher supervision and control over their personal lives, and to become capable, self-efficacious and highly agency people.    In the end, according to the results of the research, it is suggested that the government should take steps in the field of self-care education for students and increase the cyberspace literacy of the society, instead of spending a lot of money on filtering and other policies. It is also suggested that teaching classes at the school level and the views of trainers and counselors be changed from self-care to self-care, and the subject of self-care should be included in the curriculum of all levels of education.

The aim of the present study was to "investigate the relationship between the use of virtual space and the happiness of managers of organizations in Kerman province". The descriptive research method was correlation type. The statistical population of the research was the managers of organizations in Kerman province in 2022, and 120 of them were selected by simple random sampling. In order to collect data, two cyberspace addiction questionnaires were used by Young (1988) and Oxford Happiness (1989). The data were analyzed using statistical tests such as correlation coefficient and regression and with the help of SPSS version 24 software. The findings showed that there is a negative and significant relationship between the amount of use of virtual space and happiness in managers (P<0.01). Therefore, it can be concluded that reducing the amount of use of virtual space has a decisive role in increasing the happiness of managers of organizations and causes them to achieve success and improve their job performance