رتبه بندی

Life is a gift that people enjoy throughout their lifetime. The current century has seen significant changes in the way people view life. In this century, it is not only desirable to preserve life in the usual way, but to improve the quality of life in many fields is considered the effort of societies. Having a good quality of life has always been and is a human desire. Today, the quality of life is among the most important factors that exist as a barrier to the growth and development of societies and organizations. Therefore, by knowing the existing quality of life and its roots and causes, necessary decisions should be made to improve it; In this regard, the aim of the present research is to examine the objective dimension and physical criteria of the quality of life and lifestyle of the citizens in Qom city and to rank the city's regions with two criteria: "per capita of the seven uses that support residence" and " the access distance to these users. This research is applied in terms of purpose and analytical in nature. The community under investigation in this research is the eight regions of Qom city, where data processing facilities in ArcGIS software environment, AHP hierarchical analysis process and obtaining expert opinions in binary comparison process were used for data analysis. The findings show that regions 1, 7, and 4 have ranks 1, 2, and 3, respectively, and the lowest rank belongs to region 8. According to the results of the research, creating more services, especially suitable locations for users in order to facilitate residents' access to residential support services, including medical, educational, religious, cultural, commercial, sports, parks and green spaces, can reduce the problems of citizens, increase level of satisfaction and improvement of their quality of life.

The neighborhoods of the historical context of the cities have been disintegrated over time; So that it has put a lot of pressure on the cities and made them suffer from premature fragility. The aim of this research was to analyze the fragility in 24 neighborhoods of the historical context of Urmia city. The type of research is applied and the research method is descriptive-analytical. The analyzed data were collected through a survey and using a questionnaire from a statistical sample consisting of 30 experts. 14 indicators have been selected based on the opinions of elites and the availability of information, and information layers have been created for them in GIS software. FUCOM method was used to calculate the weight of indicators and CoCoSo decision method was used for data analysis. The results show that in the historical context of Urmia city, 8% of the range is located in the very low fragility zone, 21% in the low fragility zone, 29% in the medium fragility zone, 28% in the high fragility zone and 14% in the very high fragility zone. Darvishlar, Aghdash, Doshabchikhana, Khanbaghi and Khanbabakhan neighborhoods are in the zone of very high fragility, Sahiyeh, Jarchibashi, Tandirchilar, Shurshora and Hezaran neighborhoods are in the high fragility zone, Bazarbash, Argh, Delgosha, Yurdshahi and Nogechar neighborhoods are in the medium fragility zone, Yedidarman, Agh Zamilar, Seyedjavad, Mahdi-ul-Ghadam and Yunjaligh are located in the low fragility zone and Nayeb Asghar, Khatib, Qara-Aghaj and Davchilar neighborhoods are located in the very low fragility zone.

Climate indices by revealing the climatic diversity of the region, have led to the development of management policies in agriculture, water resources and environment fields. The performance of De Martonne, Ivanov, precipitation effectiveness, continental coefficient, temperature, rainfall anomaly, percent of normal precipitation, vegetation, aridity and Selyaninov indices were investigated using the data of 15 meteorological stations. The effective climate index determination was done using simple additive weighting (SAW), TOPSIS and simultaneous evaluation of criteria and alternatives (SECA). The sensitivity analysis of the SECA method rather to the β coefficient had a significant effect on the results. Based on the ranking results of three multi-criteria decision-making methods, Ivanov's index performs well in severe climate conditions (with extreme high and low values), and in other climatic conditions, it is better to use it together with another climate index. The percent of normal precipitation index was overestimated in most of the stations. Rainfall anomaly index also described the climatic condition of most stations as close to normal. In determining the effective climate index, the number of meteorological data, the type of their mathematical relationship and the way of climatic demarcation are of special importance. The highest amount of intensity and percentage of changes was in the case of SAW and SECA, TOPSIS and SECA methods. The highest number of first ranks in three multi-criteria decision-making methods is related to De Martonne, aridity, vegetation indices and then effective precipitation index.

As the political center of the province, the city of Kerman has major urban elements. Physical and functional planning to meet the needs of citizens and better performance in order to achieve development is essential. The present study was conducted with the aim of ranking the barriers to the growth of the smart city in the urban area of Kerman. The research method is a descriptive survey. The statistical population of this research is 30 managers of executive bodies in Kerman city. The research tool is the paired comparison questionnaire. The method of statistical analysis is AHP. The results of the survey based on the respondents' point of view show the most important obstacles:  physical infrastructure (C3) with a weight of 0.448 ranks first, managerial (C5) with a weight of 0.233 ranks second, environmental sustainability (C1) with a weight of 0.111 ranks third, economic (C2) with a weight 0.072 ranks fourth, technology and information (C4) with a weight of 0.069 ranks fifth, and education (C6) with a weight of 0.067 wins the sixth rank. In conclusion, it should be said that due to the city’s various environmental problems, attention to the development of the smart city has been introduced as a solution to reduce these problems. Also, it is suggested that the development of the city’s infrastructure should be taken into consideration. Moreover, the conflicts between the development of the smart city and the government's plans should be reduced.

Historical tourism has a significant role in the transmission of culture and allows cities to penetrate a competitive environment. One of the actions used to protect historical contexts is designing walkways in ancient contexts. Evaluation of the quality of pedestrian walkways has great importance in the revival of city centers. Ranking pedestrian walkways in historical contexts can reveal the strengths and weaknesses of different cities in attracting tourists and provide valuable tips for tourism development. The purpose of this research is to compare different experiences in pedestrian walkway design in historical contexts with an emphasis on culture-based tourism and seeks to answer the question of how walkways are ranked based on cultural tourism indicators. This research, with a descriptive-analytical method and with a quantitative approach, has ranked the pedestrian walkways by using the multi-criteria decision-making method of MARCOS, and has weighted the parameters in the subset of function,  accessibility, physical, environmental, comfort and convenience, and social and cultural values factors, by using the best-worst method. The research findings show that the indicators of the number of museums and historical monuments, the plurality of cultural uses, and the number of public arenas available for occurring the activity, are more important than other indicators. Also, the ranking results of the walkways indicate that the Tarbiat walkway of Tabriz won first place with an optimum performance score of 0.729, followed by the Jannat walkway of Mashhad with a score of 0.501, and the 15 Khordad walkway of Tehran with a score of 0.482.

Urban tourism is sightseeing in urban areas and the interaction of host tourists and the production of tourism atmosphere around travel to urban areas. Due to the fact that they have many historical and cultural attractions, urban areas are often important tourist destinations and as tourist destinations, they have a multi-purpose function. This research was carried out with the aim of identifying, analyzing and ranking the criteria affecting the development of urban tourism from the perspective of experts; the upcoming research is applied and descriptive-analytical in terms of its nature and method. Data collection is done in two ways, document and survey, after review, six farctors including policies and planning criteria, infrastructural factors, advertising and media, residential and welfare, economic and financial, cultural and social were extracted from the theoretical and background literature. The reliability of the questionnaire is based on Cronbach's alpha of 0.985 and the statistical sample size of the research is 50 people from tourism experts and the research area is ​​Shahrood city with an area of ​​51419 square kilometers. The six criteria of this research were ranked after the analysis, and the policy and planning criteria with the highest average rank were introduced as the first rank of the criteria and the transportation network index with the highest average rank was introduced as the first rank among the influential indicators in the development of Shahrood tourism. In the ranking of the following criteria, the transportation network index, family budget, and the index of good travel memories and trust were placed in the first to third ranks of the indicators influencing the development of sustainable urban tourism in Shahrood respectively with the highest average rating and finally, suggestions on the influencing indicators in urban tourism Presented.

The present study investigates and analyzes the role of hydrogeomorphic parameters in flood susceptibility of sub-basins of the Siah Cheshmeh basin located in West Azerbaijan province. For this purpose, first, the study area was divided into 6 sub-basins based on topographic and drainage characteristics using a digital elevation model (DEM) with a spatial resolution of 12.5 m. In the next step, 8 hydrogeomorphic parameters including Stream order, Streams length, Drainage density, Compactness coefficient, Circularity ratio, Form factor, Basin relief and Ruggedness number were prepared using Horton, Schumm, and Strahler geomorphological rules in ArcGIS software. Then, to weight the parameters, the SWARA multi criteria decision-making method was used, and the relative weight of each of the eight parameters was determined for the 6 studied sub-basins. The results of weighting and prioritization showed that sub-basins 2 and 4 with the weight of 0.276 and 0.250, respectively, have the highest weight and have very high flood susceptibility. In contrast, sub-basins 3, and 5 with weights of 0.105, and 0.061, respectively, had the lowest weights in terms of 8 parameters, and therefore, in terms of Flood susceptibility is very low in the class. The total area of the sub-basins that are in high and very high classes (sub-basins 2, and 4) is about 327 Km2, which includes 33.8% of the total area of the basin.

Unbalanced distribution of facilities as well as the existence of inequalities among and within provinces have always been the concern of social and economic organizations and institutions. Measuring the level of development can help identify the between existing situations and shortcomings, and hence support managers and planners in planning for the future and choosing the best solutions.   

This study aims to rank and recognize deprivation in provinces based on economic, social and infrastructure indicators.

This research is a descriptive-analytical study that determine and rank the provinces through three stages. First, experts selected and determined the weight of indicators, and in the next step, using the Shannon entropy method, the degree of importance of the indicators was obtained. After determining the degree of importance in the TOPSIS model, the indicators have been ranked and then the deprivation has been ranked in the provinces.

Geographical Context: 

The scope of research in this study is all the provinces of the country.

The findings indicated that Tehran province, distinctly, ranks first in infrastructure and economic compared to other provinces. On the contrary, in the social index, the value has moved towards normal and most of the provinces are almost average.

The results of this study show that Tehran Province is the most prosperous province. The deprived provinces are mostly in the eastern or western border zones and the privileged provinces are located in the central regions of the country.

Cities are facing many challenges due to excessive population growth and rapid expansion. To organize this indiscriminate growth, new planning models such as smart growth have been proposed. In recent years, the metropolis of Ahwaz has faced the adverse effects of unbridled growth, which necessitates serious attention to the smart growth model. The present research, by stating the necessity and importance of smart growth, has ranked the areas of Ahwaz metropolis in terms of suitability with smart growth criteria with a descriptive-analytical method. The study area includes the 8 districts of Ahwaz metropolis. The data related to 81 smart urban growth indicators for eight districts were analyzed in the form of 4 criteria: physical-land use, social-economic, access-transportation and environmental using the gray relational analysis model. According to the findings, district 4 is the most suitable and district 6 is the most unsuitable. Also, among the above-mentioned 4 criteria, the environmental criterion is in the most unfavorable condition in Ahwaz metropolis. Finally, based on the findings of the research, some solutions were suggested.

National competitiveness as an important economic goal in the context of globalization has been considered by many policymakers around the world. In the Iran, national competitiveness has been considered by officials and the government of men, so that achieving Iran's top economic, scientific, and technological position among the countries, especially among the countries of Southwest Asia, is one of the most important goals in the 20-Year Vision Document. Therefore, providing a framework for identifying and prioritizing factors that help improve Iran's competitiveness can be effective in achieving this goal.

Methodolog:

This study intends to provide a new framework based on the Global Competitiveness Index to prioritize the competitiveness pillars to increase the national competitiveness of Iran and determine the benchmark countries. This framework is implemented in three stages. The countries of the world are first clustered on the basis of competitive pillars using the fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm to distinguish the countries that are more similar in terms of national competitiveness. The competitiveness pillars in each cluster are then weighted using the CCSD weighting method. The weights obtained indicate the importance and priority of competitive factors. Finally, the WASPAS method is used to rank the countries in each cluster. These rankings are used to identify benchmark countries in each cluster.

Based on the results of this study, the countries of the world were first classified into three clusters. Clusters 1, 2 and 3 represent the developing, least developed, and the developed countries, respectively. After clustering the countries, competitive pillars were weighed using the CCSD weighting method. Accordingly, the labor market in cluster 1, the product market in cluster 2, and macroeconomic stability in cluster 3 had the highest weights. The higher the weight of a pillar, the higher its importance and priority in terms of competitiveness. For the Iran, labor market, macroeconomic stability and infrastructures were the most important competitiveness factors, respectively. Finally, the countries of each cluster were ranked using the WASPAS method. Latvia, Thailand, and Cyprus in cluster 1, Namibia, Kenya, and Macedonia in cluster 2, and Singapore, United States and Switzerland were top three ranked countries. Iran, with a rank of 58, is among the last countries in cluster 1 in this ranking. Latvia, Thailand, and Cyprus, which have the highest rankings in Cluster 1, can be used as benchmark countries for Iran.

 National competitiveness has become the main focus of policymakers and governments. Therefore, in this study, a framework based on national competitiveness index was presented to determine the national competitiveness priorities as well as benchmark countries for Iran. In this framework, the countries of the world were first clustered based on competitive pillars using fuzzy c-means algorithm. Competitive columns were then weighed in each cluster using CCSD method. Finally, the countries of each cluster were ranked using the WASPAS method. Based on the proposed framework, competitive factors and priorities as well as benchmark countries for the Iran were determined.

The tourism industry is one of the ten most influential industries in economic development in most countries. To this end, major research from various perspectives on this industry has been conducted and is ongoing at all international, national and regional levels. One of these areas of research that plays an important role in micro and macro policy making of decision makers is the issue of ranking different regions. In this research, the provinces of the country are ranked based on operational indicators. These indicators have been developed in this research by studying the samples of valid researches, interviews, field researches and valid national statistics of the country. The result of this identification was 18 operational and performance indicators whose information was accessible and validated in the country. It should be noted that in this study to develop tourism indicators, a wider range of well-known literature called tourism and travel (T&T) has been considered. After identifying the indicators that can be a valid reference for future research, the provinces are ranked by two multi-criteria decision-making tools, TOPSIS and Macbeth. These algorithms are developed in the MATLAB programming environment. Finally, the result of the two methods was that the algorithms confirm each other's ranking in more than 90% of cases. In addition, the provinces of Tehran, Mazandaran and Khorasan Razavi have the first to third places.

Evaluating the performance of municipalities is one of the main tools of proper city management to achieve the goals, strategies and plans of the institution. In this regard, the purpose of the the study is to evaluate the performance of municipalities in 11 urban areas of Lorestan province and rank them based on standard indicators. Has been. The type of applied research is the descriptive-analytical method used; the data collection tool is based on documentary sources and libraries. Study indicators; They were analyzed using FTOPSIS and SWOT-AHP techniques. The findings of the fuzzy TOPSIS technique reflect the fact that in the field of urban planning and Article 100; Khorramabad city, in the section of contracts and traffic and transportation of Boroujerd city, in the financial affairs section of Aligoudarz city, in the municipal services and administrative area of ​​Khorramabad city and finally in the council approvals section of Aligudarz city is in the first place. The results of internal and external factors show that among the points of opportunity, O2 (utilization of specialized educated manpower), among the strengths S1 (existence of approved urban plans in the studied urban areas) among the points of threat T2 (lack of sustainable sources of income) Finally, among the weaknesses, W4 (lack of proper handling of violations by supervising engineers) had the greatest impact on the formulation of the four strategies. Examining the effect of weight changes on the four main criteria and their effect on the results in the Expert Choice software environment indicates that ST-related strategies have the highest sensitivity and WT strategy has the lowest sensitivity of municipal performance for city management.

Each kind of worldview and ideology can create a certain type of urban planning and of course the appearance of the city according to its teachings. Islamic urban planning is not separate from Islamic ideology and its inhabitants and is the crystallization of their thinking and lifestyle. In Islam, the emergence of any phenomenon by the people occurs in three main aspects: Intellectual and ideological aspects, practical and moral aspects, objective aspects that all together lead to the emergence of authentic Islamic cities. Today, due to the influence of foreign culture, the mentioned aspects are weak and even disturbed. In this article, we intend to determine the location of each urban area of Ardabil from the mentioned aspects. Therefore, this study tries to answer the question: How close are the urban areas of Ardabil to the elements involved in the emergence and realization of the main Islamic city? This research is descriptive-analytical in terms of method and applied in terms of purpose and its data has been collected both in the form of documents and field (citizens questionnaire). The statistical population of this research is the citizens of Ardabil. Using Cochran's sampling formula, 383 people were selected as the statistical sample of the study by stratified sampling method from five regions of Ardabil (proportional to the population of regions) and COPRAS model was used to analyze the data and it was found that each One of the urban areas of Ardabil has different ratios in terms of proximity and compatibility with the elements involved in the emergence of the original Islamic city In general, the position of Ardabil city in terms of compliance and proximity with the characteristics of the elements of the original Islamic city based on the COPRAS model and with an average (NJ 88.44) is a more appropriate situation.

One of the basic and common needs of human beings is the formation of a stable neighborhood system. Because the development of urbanization and the trend of increasing urban population has caused issues such as improper use of resources, environmental pollution, increasing social anomalies and economic and physical problems at the level of urban communities. Since the neighborhoods of Bojnourd city do not show a good situation of sustainability, the present study has been formed with the aim of measuring and comparing the level of sustainability of Bojnourd neighborhoods. To assess the sustainability of the city, indicators related to sustainability in the fields of population, social, economic, cultural and physical were used. Then, in order to evaluate more accurately and reduce the number of indicators, factor analysis was used and the map of neighborhoods in terms of stability and instability was drawn in Arc Map. The results showed that neighborhoods with more unstable levels are located in the northeastern, northwestern, southern and southwestern parts of the city, these neighborhoods with 48% of the city area, about 42% of the population. In contrast, sustainable neighborhoods are mostly formed in the central part of the city, which also covers about 45% of the population with 31% of the area. The neglect of urban management to the considerations of sustainable urban development and the lack of organization of dysfunctional and worn-out structures are the most important reasons for this significant difference.

Climate change adaptation strategies, especially understanding agriculture, are strategies to mitigate climate change impacts. These strategies are addressed in three concepts: climate change adaptation strategies and problems. Iran needs climate change adaptation strategies with dry climates, successive droughts, and rising temperatures. Two indicators of climate change adaptation Adaptation strategy index (ASI) and Problem Confrontation Index (PCI) were used to analyze climate change adaptation strategies in Fars province agriculture. The findings showed that more than 90% of respondents understand and seek adaptation to climate change and its effects. They have chosen irrigation and technology modernization strategies, drought-resistant varieties (rapeseed, medicinal plants), shifting cultivation time, greenhouse cultivation, and variety of crop varieties and activities as adaptive strategies to climate change. Weak finances, high price fluctuations, low productivity, technical skill, and the complicated rules of the bureaucracy in financing were the most important problems in the implementation and success of strategies. Therefore, it is possible to achieve more successful climate change strategies by establishing a financial support system (such as Grameen Bank of Bangladesh), training and enhancing users' technical knowledge and sustaining revenue sources.

Today, the rapid expansion of urbanization with the increase of environmental pollution, destruction of biological cycles and the creation of inappropriate structures in various areas of life has led to attention to the smart city as an irreplaceable solution to solve urban problems for managers and planners. It is located in 22 metropolitan areas of Tehran. The research method is descriptive-analytical and using field data (questionnaire). Statistical sample In order to collect field data in this study, the statistical sample consisted of a total statistical sample size of 300 people. Its analysis was performed using statistical analysis of T-test and Pearson correlation and TOPSIS. Based on this, the results of TOPSIS statistical analysis show that the intelligent citizenship index has the highest weight in terms of importance and impact on creating security, so that TOPSIS has the highest weight of 2313 0 0. Also, the indicators of smart economy with TOPSIS rate of 1856 0 in the second rank of smart governance with TOPSIS weight of 1810 0 0 in the third rank and environmental and dynamic dynamics indicators with TOPSIS weight of 0 ٫ 0792 and 0532.00 in the fourth and fifth ranks, respectively. Are. The results of t-test statistical analysis also confirm this, and based on this, the indicators of governance, environment and intelligent dynamics are at a reasonable level and the indicators of citizen, life and smart economy are at a moderate level.

Smart urban growth is a holistic pattern, which tries to guide the growth of cities with the least negative consequences. The present study was conducted to assess the current situation of the metropolis of Ahvaz in terms of appropriateness to urban smart growth available  indicators.

The present research is an applied type that has been done with a quantitative-analytical approach. The statistical population of the study is regions of Ahvaz metropolis; The data related to 54 indicators of smart urban growth in the scale of these areas and in the framework of 4 criteria physical - land use, socio-economic, access - transportation and environment using a combination Shapiro-Dilek and Kolmogorov - Smirnov and single sample t; Index of dispersion and Vicor method were also analyzed.

Ahvaz has not had smart And there are differences between regions as well as indicators in this metropolis. In relation to the appropriateness of Ahwaz metropolitan areas with the indicators of smart urban growth, in the physical index, the first 7th region and the last 8th region; In the socio-economic index, zone 2 first and zone 6 last; In the access-transportation index, the first zone 4 and the last zone 6; In the environmental index, zone 4 is the first and zone 6 is the last, and in the integrated index, zone 4 is the first and zone 6 is the last. the situation of environmental criteria is more inappropriate than other criteria. However, other criteria are not in a good position.

Among the metropolitan regions of Ahvaz, region 6, and among the indicators of smart urban growth, the environmental index has the most unfavorable situation. Also, the access-transportation index will have the greatest effect on reducing the distance between regions, so improving these three is a priority.

The unbalanced distribution of facilities and activities as well as the existence of inequalities both among the provinces and within each province has always been the focus of social and economic organizations and institutions of the country. Determining and measuring the level of development can identify existing situations and shortcomings and on the other hand help managers and planners in planning for the future and choosing the best solutions. In this research, which is of descriptive and analytical type, three stages of work have been done in order to determine and rank the provinces. First, the experts selected and determined the weight of the indicators, and in the next step, using the Shannon entropy method, the degree of importance of the indicators was obtained. After determining the degree of importance, in TOPSIS model, the ranking of indicators and the degree of deprivation in the provinces has been done. The results of this study indicate that Tehran province is the most prosperous province in terms of infrastructure and economic indicators. Distribution of deprived provinces is mostly in the east and west border of the country and rich provinces are located in the central regions of the country.

The theory of Creative city is implicated that the cities have potentials and facilities, can cause to juice up the economic and social inflorescence of cities, if it’s applied exactly. Because this theory such as almost theories in urban design field is obtained from western countries, then we don’t expect to achieve the best results while we use the indexes which provided for west cities. We tried in this research to ranking the sextet district of Zanjan city with use the creative cities that adapt with Islamic and Iranian culture and civilization. For achieve to this goal, in primordium we done priority processing the indexes by ANP method. The results of research in this stage show that human and social (0.315), economical (0.133) and educational (0.110) indexes catch a highest rang. Then we ranking the sextet district of Zanjan city with use the TOPSIS method. The results of this research show that 3 and 4 districts have highest rank and 6 and 2 districts lies in middle rank and 5 and 1 districts lies in lowest rank. The study manner of this research is descriptive and analytical and the methodology used in this study is librarian studies and field observations.