مبلمان شهری

This study examines the role and importance of urban furniture in the public spaces of Kalaleh city from the perspective of its citizens. Due to the nature of the subject, the approach of this research combines descriptive-analytical and survey methods. Data were collected through questionnaires completed by residents of various areas of the city. The statistical population of this study includes the citizens of Kalaleh in 2016. Using Cochran's formula, 384 individuals were selected through simple random sampling, and a questionnaire with five options based on the Likert scale was distributed among them. The questionnaire was prepared by the researcher, its face validity was confirmed by experts, and its reliability was verified with a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.85. Hypotheses were tested using one-sample T-tests and Chi-square tests in SPSS software. The results indicate that urban furniture positively impacts the beautification and identity of urban spaces, the physical and mental health of citizens, and the improvement of urban space quality. Furthermore, a positive and significant relationship was observed between urban furniture and attracting tourists, as well as urban tourism development in Kalaleh.

Urban furniture is one of the most important symbols in shaping the city's landscape, which will lead to the diversity, uniqueness, and aesthetic appeal of the city. The city is a great work of art and people spend most of their time there, so the arrangement of space is closely related to the urban furniture and the creation of other facilities and equipment. Therefore, considering the importance of the topic, the purpose of this study is to evaluate citizen satisfaction with urban furniture using six selected indices (safety and durability, variety of shape, visual beauty, location, variety of color, and compatibility with local culture) in district 4 of Ahvaz metropolitan area. The research method is practical and based on a survey-evaluation approach with a focus on questionnaires. The statistical population of the study is the citizens of the selected research area, and a sample of 380 people was considered based on the Cochran formula. The study's findings, based on the calculation of the one-sample t-test, show that the average satisfaction of citizens in the studied area regarding urban furniture is 3.46, which is at the medium level. Additionally, based on the results of the Kruskal-Wallis test, the level of significance of the selected indices is 0.285 and greater than the confidence level of 0.05. Therefore, it can be concluded that there is a difference of opinion among the statistical groups in the studied area.

Urban furniture is one of the prominent components in urban design and planning and as a part of the whole city. Emphasizing the various aspects of urban furniture in order to improve the quality of life, especially the socio-cultural aspects, is very important. Therefore, the aim of the current research is to provide a model of urban furniture in improving the quality of life in the 2nd district of Tehran, emphasizing cultural and social aspects. The research method governing the research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of research methodology it is based on descriptive-analytical method and field observations. The research findings have been made using Spss software and numerous statistical tests based on factor analysis, correlation and regression, and the results of these findings indicate the existence of a relationship between cultural and social dimensions and the mutual influence of these two dimensions. The results of the research showed that urban environments are centers for the gathering of people and creating social interactions, and that nowadays urban furniture is an effective factor for increasing the quality of life; So that it can bring acceptable results and it is very important to pay attention to them in urban contexts. Therefore, in order to improve the quality of life, it is necessary and necessary to pay attention to an integrated management with a participation-oriented approach.

 Today, urban furniture has been considered by city managers and planners due to its significant role in improving the quality of urban life. Therefore, a small change in the quality of each of its components has a direct impact on the quantity and quality of its components and other variables. The aim of this study is to evaluate the quality of urban furniture in regions 1 and 2 of Tabriz using fuzzy logic inference system in Matlab software environment. The present research is descriptive in terms of methodology and applied in terms of purpose. In order to collect data and information used in the research, the library and field survey method has been used. The components used in this study include two components of beauty and fit of urban furniture and urban furniture standard, each of which was examined in the form of three main indicators based on fuzzy logic inferences. The results showed that region 1 and 2 of Tabriz is not in a good position in terms of the quality of urban furniture with a score of 0.39 and 0.35, respectively, and has not been able to satisfy the people. Therefore, there is a need to review the approved urban furniture programs as well as to develop new programs based on the strengths and weaknesses of the areas under study.Finally, it should be noted that the use of comparative methods to assess the quality of furniture in different urban areas can provide a comprehensive view of recognizing the differences between areas in terms of urban facilities, the necessary planning to establish spatial justice between deprived areas and provided areas.

Interpretive structural modeling of urban furniture with the aim of reducing urban vandalism behaviors. The importance of urban furniture in many cities of the country is considered as one of the important topics of urban planners and beautifiers. Sufficient attention to elements such as proper design, dimensions, proper placement and monitoring, etc., can be effective in reducing destructive behaviors. For this purpose, with the aim of better identifying these elements, this research has tried to design a suitable model in this regard and provide it to urban planners and beautifiers. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlation in terms of nature. The statistical population of the research in the Delphi section and in order to achieve the necessary theoretical saturation was 11 experts from among academic experts and officials of the Semnan urban beautification organization, and for the model test in a larger statistical sample, there were 386 people over 18 years old living in Semnan. People were selected. The necessary data were collected through a researcher-made questionnaire tool, and the interpretive structural modeling technique was used to analyze the data. The results of the research showed that the elements affecting urban furniture include 4 main dimensions of design, supervision, psychological factors and proper placement with 16 components. In the interpretive structural modeling section, it was also determined that the induction of a sense of belonging is the most effective factor, and the factors of form, fit with needs, warning alert, quick fix of defects, harmony with the environment, response to needs and ease of use are the most effective.

The importance of urban furniture in most cities of the country is one of the important topics of urban planners and beautifiers. Paying attention to elements such as proper design, dimensions, proper placement and monitoring, etc., has the ability to reduce vandalism.

With the aim of better identifying these elements, this research has tried to provide a suitable model in this regard to urban planners and beautifiers with the aim of reducing vandalism.

This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlative in nature. The statistical population of the research in the Delphi section and in order to achieve the necessary theoretical saturation was 11 experts from among academic experts and officials of the Semnan urban beautification organization, and for the model test in a larger statistical sample, there were 386 people over 18 years old living in Semnan. People were selected. The necessary data were collected through a researcher-made questionnaire tool, and in order to analyze the data, regression analysis was used in the form of structural equation technique and fuzzy inference system.

Studied Areas: 

The geographical scope of this research is the city of Semnan.

The results of the research showed that the designed model has a suitable fit and among the main dimensions, the "psychological factors" dimension with a factor load of 0.96 has the highest correlation with the main concept of the research. The composition of the main factors of the model also determined that the best reduction of urban vandalism behaviors will be achieved when the amount of attention to the placement dimension is 1.68, psychological factors dimension is 2.83, supervision is 2.59 and design is 2.62.

The reduction of urban vandalism behaviors is influenced by urban furniture elements and the designed model will reduce urban vandalism behaviors by 39%.

Organizing urban furniture as one of the most important elements of the urban environment, has a significant contribution to the desirability and pleasantness of the space from the citizens' point of view, and the lack of planning or incomplete planning in the field of urban furniture contributes to the inefficiency of these elements. Accordingly, considering the importance and role of urban furniture in the urban landscape and also the impact it has on the lives of city residents, the present study evaluates the design and location of urban furniture elements and variables in the city and the situation of Gorgan in terms of furniture. Urban has been examined. The present research is an applied research based on the purpose of the study and is analytical-descriptive in terms of research method. Two field methods and documentary studies have been used to collect information on the current situation. To analyze the data of the questionnaire, Spss, Excel software and Kruskal-Wallis statistical test and also for spatial analysis of urban furniture elements in Gorgan and preparing a map, Arc GIS software was used. The results obtained from the research show that in designing and manufacturing city furniture, standard principles and attention to local culture have not been observed. Also, in examining the location of urban furniture elements, no special attention has been paid to the selection and location of urban furniture components and the necessary standards have not been observed and it is not functionally in a favorable condition.

The presence of all citizens in the urban space requires attention to the importance of the issue of adapting the urban furniture for the use of the disabled people. In Iran, this issue has received little attention. This makes it impossible for all people with any ability to be present in urban spaces easily. The purpose of this study is to investigate the level of satisfaction of disabled people with the adaptation of urban furniture in Tehran. In this regard, after studying library resources, using a questionnaire, and conducting interviews with experts, have assessed the level of satisfaction of people with disabilities from urban furniture and public space. the interviewees were selected using the snowball method, and to analyze the interviews, categorical content analysis was used; Most of the interviewees are disabled or active in this field. Also, a questionnaire was designed to be aware of the problems of urban furniture in Tehran and provided to people with disabilities. The number of respondents to the questionnaires was 81. the information was analyzed using SPSS software. The results show that the level of satisfaction of disabled people with urban furniture is low in the studied indicators and almost no subject is complete satisfaction satisfied by the disabled. Using solutions such as equipping transportation stations with ramps and elevators, designing urban furniture for the use of disabled people, proper placement of urban furniture, locating sensory and audio panels at intersections, removing barriers; Can help increase the level of satisfaction of disabled people.

The present study examines urban furniture, including the influential and constructive ‎elements of the public space of Ilam city. Suitability of urban furniture (quantity and quality, ‎beauty, Comfort, durability and location and the use of appropriate colors and materials ‎suitable for the climate of the region in Urban furniture design), improves the quality of the ‎urban environment, organizing the urban space and appearance and citizens' satisfaction. ‎This research is applied in terms of purpose to achieve a theoretical-analytical model. In terms ‎of nature and method, two combined methods "descriptive-analytical" have been used. To ‎collect data and information from library studies. Field (questionnaire with ‎‏80%‏‎ reliability and ‎interview) was used.The spatial area of the research was the central area of Ilam during ‎‏1396‏‎ ‎and ‎‏1397‏‎ and from the perspective of ‎‏138‏‎ experts in the form of purposeful sampling ‎‎(available) in organizations Statistical analysis (exploratory factor analysis, structural ‎equation model, Pearson correlation and regression analysis) was used in the analysis.The ‎results of the theoretical model analysis showed that disorder and turbulence There is urban ‎furniture in different dimensions and layers of Ilam city that has a significant impact on the ‎spirits and ‎behaviors of citizens and causes citizens dissatisfaction with The results also showed that there ‎is a relationship between not paying attention to the principles of urban furniture standards ‎and creating an unbalanced and inappropriate urban structure and reducing the quality of the ‎urban landscape. Principles and foundations governing each of the elements affecting urban ‎furniture cause the organization of the environment and landscape The city and the creation ‎of a beautiful and ideal urban space were achieved.‏

With the increasing expansion of urbanization and the increase in the population of urban dwellers and the resulting problems, it is becoming increasingly necessary to provide facilities for the well-being of citizens. Today, the importance and role of urban furniture in urban service and beautification is not hidden from anyone, and urban furniture is one of the essential and inseparable components of cities. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of urban furniture in improving the quality of urban environment, Bandar Abbas city, which has been done by descriptive-analytical method. Data collection has been done using two methods of library and field (questionnaire). The statistical population of this study consists of citizens of Bandar Abbas, 384 of whom were selected using Cochran's formula and research questionnaire by simple random method. Distributed among them. The research questionnaire was created by a researcher whose validity was confirmed by experts in a formal and superficial manner. And its reliability was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. In order to achieve the objectives of the research, single-sample T-test and simple linear regression were used in SPSS25 software environment. The research findings showed that the urban furniture of Bandar Abbas is not in a good condition in terms of fitness and beauty, optimal distribution and citizens' satisfaction with the furniture of Bandar Abbas. The study of research hypotheses showed that urban furniture has a positive and significant effect on the quality of urban environment and its components, ie beautifying the environment, creating a suitable environment for social activities and increasing the vitality of the urban environment.

In Shahrekord, as one of the middle cities that in recent years, has witnessed widespread migration from surrounding cities and villages, the need to pay attention to the optimization of urban furniture, and its role in environmental quality, citizen satisfaction, and their vitality more It is considered in advance. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of urban furniture in improving the quality of the urban environment, and the satisfaction and vitality of citizens in Mellat Street, Shahrekord. The present study has used descriptive and analytical research methods. Also, this research is applied-developmental in terms of purpose. The statistical population of the study includes the population of Shahrekord, in 2016, 190,441 people, the sample size based on Cochran's formula, 384 people were randomly selected. The research tool includes a questionnaire (urban furniture, quality of urban environment, satisfaction, vitality of citizens), with 42 questions. The validity of the questionnaire was formal, which was confirmed by 5 experts and professors, and the validity of the structure was confirmed by factor analysis, and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha of 0.79. Is. Data analysis based on structural equation analysis was performed in Emus software. The results show that, in general, the performance of urban furniture in improving the quality of urban environment, and satisfaction and vitality of citizens, in Mellat Street, Shahrekord, and this is such that the coefficient of impact of the relationship between urban furniture performance and satisfaction, 0.72, the relationship between urban furniture performance and environmental quality was 0.36, and the relationship between urban furniture performance and vitality was 0.29. Accordingly, the organization of urban furniture, as one of the most important elements of the urban environment, has a significant contribution to the comfort and desirability of space from the point of view of citizens, and lack of planning or incomplete planning in the field of urban furniture, the inefficiency of these elements hits.

Urban furniture is one of the attractions and welfare facilities that are basically developed to serve the citizens, and the use of these facilities by tourists can help their continuation and provide reasons for the development of tourism in those cities. The purpose of this research is to investigate the role of urban furniture in choosing a tourist destination with the case study of Taleghan Township.

The research is of descriptive and analytical type and was done in library and field method. The statistical population is tourists entering the region and according to Cochran's formula,384 people were randomly selected. Validity and reliability of the questionnaire have been confirmed and statistical tests of T-Tech and SPSS software have been used to analyze the data.

The results of the research show that urban furniture and the provision of appropriate and high-quality urban services play a very important role in choosing a tourist destination and creating satisfaction among tourists entering tourist destination cities. In connection with Taleghan Township, this city can increase its attractiveness by reviewing the organization of urban furniture and targeting the placement of urban furniture in order to increase the attraction of tourists, and in order to create an attractive environment, it can improve its tourism status in the region.

Today, urbanization has become an important and complex issue of different societies its rapid growth in various decades has driven planners who pay more attention to the economic, social, and cultural and ... issues of society therefore, improvement of urban environment quality is one of the goals of urban planning. Standard urban furniture elements are not only essential to urban life, rather, it will play a major role in citizens' satisfaction with the urban environment. This research purpose is Assessment of Urban Furniture Status and Citizens Satisfaction Measure Case Study: Valiasr Area in Tabriz. The type of applied research and its method is descriptive-analytical. Method of data collection through review of relevant literature and articles, field and comparative surveys, questionnaires and interviews with citizens, data were analyzed by SPSS software using Spearman correlation coefficient, one-sample t-test and factor analysis model. The results of this study show That compares (evaluates furniture to standards) the status of existing urban furniture the Valiasr area in Tabriz has different standards in terms of construction, design and location and in many cases standards have not been met. Also in the Citizens Survey section about the satisfaction with the furniture in the study area, Satisfaction is lower than average. The results of Spearman's correlation coefficient indicate that, there is more satisfaction with the quality of lighting than other factors and the least of it is about security and quality of transportation.

One of the influential components on the appearance of cities that plays an active role in the functional and aesthetic dynamics of the city is urban furniture. Urban furniture and beautification is one of the important elements to improve the quality of urban life.

Using Marcos technique, the indicators related to urban furniture and urban beautification in Isfahan metropolis have been analyzed. The research method was Quantitative and its data is adapted from the statistics of Isfahan metropolis in 2019. Using Shannon entropy model, the weight of urban furniture indices has been calculated and these weights have been used in Marcos technique. Using the final score of F (K) of Marcos technique, analyze the indicators studied in Isfahan metropolitan.

The value of Si coefficient for anti ideal (0.151) was obtained and the highest value of this coefficient belonged to region 1 (0.6794). The highest value of K- coefficient (505.4) and the highest value of K + coefficient (0.679) have been obtained, which belongs to region 1 of Isfahan metropolis. The lowest value of these coefficients belonged to 13 Region of Isfahan. Using Marcos technique, the final score of F (K) for Region 1 (0.666), Region 2 (0.283), Region 3 (0.648), Region 4 (0.473), Region 5 (0.503) Region 6 (0.649), Region 7 (0.488), Region 8 (0.465), Region 9 (0.387), Region 10 (0.482), Region 11 (0.397), Region 12 (0.524), region 13 (0.268), region 14 (0.325) and region 15 (0.328) have been obtained.

The final score of Marcos technique for urban furniture indicators in 15 Regions of Isfahan metropolis indicates inequality in the studied indicators.

Urban furniture is one of the constituent elements of urban spaces, and the quantity, quality, and beauty of true durability and its location play a very important role in achieving a beautiful and healthy city. Urban furniture is one the elements that have a lot of ability and capacity for the purposes of organizing the appearance and urban landscape. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of urban furniture elements on the appearance and landscape of Ahvaz metropolitan area 4 of the municipality, which has been done by descriptive-analytical method. Data collection was performed using both library and field methods of the questionnaire The statistical population of this study is Vandan city of Ahvaz municipality, region 4, 600 of which were selected using Cochran's formula. The researcher-made research questionnaire confirmed that its validity was confirmed by the content validity and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 80%. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21 software and regression test.The results showed that urban furniture has a significant impact on the appearance and landscape of the city at the level of 0/000. Also, this has been able to affect the appearance and landscape of the city among other variables of urban furniture (location, design, equipment, construction, etc.) at a significant level of 0/000 Based on this, it can be stated that education, supervision, care, changes and attention to cultural, natural, environmental, executive and functional factors can pave the way for the systematic structure of urban furniture in the fourth district of Ahvaz.

Today, it is rare to find someone who does not deal with urban furniture in any way. And organizing and balancing the space is one of the key issues in the field of urban planning. Urban furniture should follow the visual beauty of the environment, urban services and its elements, in addition to proper use and service, should also provide peace of mind for residents. The research has been compiled with the aim of organizing urban furniture on Imam Khomeini Boulevard in Yasuj. Therefore, in order to achieve the above goal, documentary and field methods have been used to prepare information and analyze and combine them. In the documentary stage, tools such as articles, maps and the Internet have been used to collect information. and in the field method. By attending the study area, information was collected through the collection of elements. And in order to show the current situation and the degree of compliance and difference between the elements in the range with the standards and common criteria, we have used the table of comparison of standards. The results obtained from the studies show that the current situation of furniture on Imam Khomeini Boulevard in Yasuj is at a low level compared to current standards and due to the lack of some furniture and lack of proper care of furniture, etc. could not be a suitable environment to create the presence of citizens in public urban space. Therefore, the study area needs to be properly organized to improve the current situation and repair sidewalks to facilitate movement for different segments of society.

The view of the city is an intermediary between human beings, the phenomenon of the city, the visual and semantic crystallization of the components of space, one of the components of which is urban furniture. Urban furniture are elements of urban space that are less considered. With the uncontrolled expansion of many large cities, including Isfahan, and the increase in population, the attention of city officials to control the social situation and appearance of cities has become less than in the past, so that in many cases care in maintaining identity and beauty, especially in urban furniture, It is ignored due to cross-sectional and ill-considered needs. Lack of special design, taste, lack of attention to (ergonomics, universality, appropriate color, lighting) and incompatibility with culture are the most important problems of urban furniture in Isfahan. Chaharbagh Street has a high tourist attraction due to its historical background and welcomes a large number of citizens in terms of service, but the urban furniture of this section is not only insufficient but also suffers from problems such as improper distribution, incorrect location, lack of environmental coordination. Non-compliance with public culture, improper design, use of substandard materials, non-compliance with the necessary standards, etc., and following some demolitions in order to implement the metro project, the urban landscape of this axis has been disrupted. The purpose of this study is to improve the public space of the city by improving the urban landscape with an emphasis on urban furniture. In the present study, the research method is descriptive-analytical in which the data were collected by documentary-field method and the method of data analysis is quantitative and qualitative. The results of the present study showed that by considering indicators such as correct location, more harmony with traditional and historical context, universality, color, "comfort", ergonomics, proper performance, a stable and appropriate perspective can be achieved in this axis.

The consideration of citizens' color preferences in urban spaces is one of the factors that can lead to satisfaction with urban space. Various factors such as age, culture, and gender have been investigated in studies on the color references of citizens, but the impact of climate change on the color preferences of individuals has less been investigated. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of thermal comfort parameters (temperature, humidity, wind speed, and thermal comfort) on the color preferences of individuals by choosing cards and urban couches based on warm and cold colors. For this purpose, after studying the literature and extracting the relevant variables and based on the field method, the climate parameters were measured using thermometer, humidity meter and wind tunnel, and the thermal comfort and color preferences were assessed using questionnaire. To measure the color preferences of people, two colored couches were made and colored cards were used in warm and cold colors. Using Pearson correlation method, it was found that in conditions of p<0.005 there is a significant relationship between temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, heat sensation and warm or cold colors preferences in the colored cards and couches. The thermal sensitivity variable with correlation coefficient r = 0.139 had the highest correlation with the warm and cold colors in urban couches and relative humidity with a correlation coefficient r =0.302. The highest correlation was obtained with warm and cold colors in the colored cards. The results of this study, along with other studies, can be a good guide to choosing colors in different climates.