مشارکت اجتماعی

In the process of urban space creation, there exists a continuous exchange of ideas concerning the current state of that space and the desired conditions as articulated by its inhabitants. Improvements in the challenging realities of urban environments are often manifested through physical changes, one of which is urban regeneration. Given the proliferation of urban regeneration projects in recent decades, it is imperative to consider the social dimensions inherent in these initiatives. In this context, social capital, recognized as a significant social asset within neighborhoods, has assumed particular importance in the discourse surrounding regeneration. This research examines the role of social capital in the regeneration of urban neighborhoods, with a specific focus on the Islamabad Karaj neighborhood. The methodological approach employed in this investigation is descriptive-analytical. The primary objective of this study is to analyze the influence of social capital on the regeneration processes within the Islamabad Karaj neighborhood as perceived by its residents. Data collection for the theoretical framework was conducted using documentary analysis, while the empirical component involved a survey utilizing a questionnaire. The statistical population comprises individuals aged 15 years and older residing in a neighborhood of over 25,000 inhabitants, from which a sample of 410 respondents was selected through simple random sampling, employing Cochran's formula. For data analysis, Spearman's correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression analyses were conducted using SPSS software. The findings indicate a strong correlation between social capital and urban regeneration within the Karaj neighborhood of Islamabad. The implications of this research highlight the necessity to focus on the components of social capital and to implement policies aimed at its maintenance and enhancement to facilitate successful urban regeneration in the Islamabad Karaj neighborhood.

The main problematic of urban planning in the epistemology and city practice are the hyper complexities such as globalization of economy and culture that representative concepts like social and symbolic capital and … in fact parallel with changing situations in the late policy and economy sphere. At this mean that dynamisms of city diversity is the context for emergence of concepts and new thought structures that imply to new city situation. Since the early of 21th century, Social capital have been attracted the attention of thinkers and decision makers as the most important discovery of human sciences in the context of national and city development. Rober Poutnam defined the social capital as dimensions of social organization such as networks, norms and trust that facilitates  coalition and partnership to access to mutual benefits. This research is carried out descriptive- analytical method and with focuse on measuring the quality and type of social capital in the two neighborhoods of Islamabad and Karmandan quarters.

This research aims to analyze and identify the drivers affecting urban social isolation using a structural analysis approach. The research method is explanatory and applied in terms of its objective. The statistical population consists of the scientific literature related to urban social isolation and the opinions of experts in this field. Data were collected using the Delphi technique. The MICMAC method was used to analyze and rank the factors. This method analyzes the complex relationships between variables and provides diagrams such as the influence-dependence diagram. The results showed that job instability is the most important factor affecting urban social isolation, directly and indirectly influencing other variables. Lack of trust in others, increased divorce rates, social withdrawal, and inadequate provision of social services were identified as other important factors. The findings are consistent with the existing literature on urban social isolation and emphasize the role of personal, socio-economic, and environmental factors in shaping isolation. These factors must be addressed simultaneously to reduce isolation and improve the quality of life in cities. The findings of this research can contribute to enhancing knowledge and awareness about urban social isolation, identifying the factors affecting it, and providing solutions to reduce this phenomenon. This can pave the way for adopting appropriate policies and measures to combat urban social isolation and improve the quality of life of urban residents

Today, the role of citizens in participating in urban affairs is no secret to anyone. Citizens, as those who live in the city, have the right to participate in city affairs in order to have a dynamic and sustainable city, because people are better informed about the problems of their city and neighborhood than any manager or expert, and they can play an important role in creating and developing a sustainable city In this article, we try to examine the success of the new city of Ramshar in social participation using the AHP and GIS methods. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of type. The data of this research was obtained using a questionnaire tool, which was answered directly and face-to-face. The statistical population was 3245 people in the city of Ramshar, which was obtained as a sample size of 344 based on the Cochran formula. Finally, the spatial distribution of social participation was presented on the map using GIS 10. Data analysis showed that the 2nd area benefited from a higher social participation which shows that more attention is paid to people's opinions in the process of official and social affairs in the society. In general, it shows the fact that social participation can be effective in the advancement of the goals of urban development plans and citizens' satisfaction of their living environment.

The rapid growth of urbanization has made cities vulnerable to various accidents. Resilience has become crucial in urban management for overcoming dangerous conditions, mitigating damage, and returning to normal activities. Social resilience is a key characteristic of development, especially when dealing with natural or man-made crises to restore stability. This research aims to explore the concept of social resilience and identify the most important factors and challenges related to it in urban settings. The study involved reviewing articles, analyzing existing theories, and evaluating previous research findings. The research method included a systematic review of documents published from 2013 to 2023, both locally and internationally. After three stages of screening, the selected articles were reviewed using attributive and holistic coding methods, and their data were analyzed. The study identified and summarized concepts, theoretical approaches, levels of resilience, dimensions, and resilience models. The results indicate that the main challenges to social resilience stem from four primary factors, which are further divided into 18 specific elements. Based on these findings, solutions to address or prevent these challenges are presented, and categorized according to previous suggestions.

The statistical population in this research includes all the employees of the Islamic Advertising Organization, Bushehr Municipality, Bushehr Governorate, as well as companies active in the field of urban advertising, as well as construction companies active in the field of urban appearance, such as contracting companies in the year 1403 active in the field of advertising and urban management, possibly were considered simple, and using Cochran's formula, 340 people were selected as a statistical sample out of 2980 people. The research hypotheses were tested using SPSS 26 and Smart PLS 4 software, and the results showed that the participation and social responsibility of citizens has a significant relationship with the management of urban advertising and the development and evolution of the image of Bushehr city, as well as the relationship between social participation Citizens with the management of urban advertising and the development and evolution of Bushehr's appearance with the path coefficient of social participation on the two variables of urban advertisement management and patterns of development and evolution of the urban appearance were confirmed as 0.503 and 0.167, respectively, with a probability of 95%. In the following, it was found that the relationship between the social responsibility of citizens with the management of urban advertisements and the development and evolution of the image of Bushehr city was confirmed with a probability of 95% with the path coefficient b of 0.133 and 0.979 for the two variables of urban advertisement management and the patterns of urban image development and evolution.

The sustainable security of rural settlements is a topic that has been studied from various perspectives by using different approaches.

This article explored an integration-oriented approach to reveal the capacities of the local community in achieving sustainable security in the rural border settlements of Darmiyan and Sarbisheh Counties in Southern Khorasan.

The study employed a quantitative, descriptive-analytical research method with a survey approach. The statistical population consisted of 62 rural settlements within 30 kilometers of the common border with Afghanistan, comprising 4,502 households. A non-probability method was used for sampling at the village level, while a random-stratified probability method was employed at the household level. The sample size was 354 rural households, which was calculated using Cochran's formula. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire examining variables related to participation, trust, cohesion, and social solidarity.

The results indicated that the components of participation, trust, and social solidarity had a significant impact on sustainable security from the local community's perspective. Furthermore, the research confirmed a favorable mentality towards social components in rural areas, which could foster the growth and development of security and its dissemination to weaker rural areas. 

 The purpose of the present study is to identify the factors affecting the tendency of women with physical disabilities to travel and tourism.

Design/methodology/approach: 

This study was conducted with a quantitative approach and a survey method. The statistical population includes 781 physically disabilities women of Babolsar city, and using the Cochran formula, 257 people were selected as a statistical sample with a multi-stage sampling method. The data collection tool is a questionnaire.

The findings showed that the tendency of physically disabilities women to travel is lower than the average level. Women experience a strong feeling of rejection in terms of social participation, normative integration, access to social rights and material deprivation is also at a low level. Regression analysis showed that social participation and feeling of material deprivation respectively had the greatest effect on their tendency to travel. Bivariate analyzes also indicated the existence of a significant difference in the tendency of physically disabilities women to travel according to age, education, occupation and cause of disability(p<0/005).

This study provides a more distinct picture of the impact of social exclusion on physically disabilities women and its impact on tourism and travel. Since tourism can be effective in strengthening mental health and their return to the society, providing the ground for disabled tourism should be given more attention.

Originality/value: 

This study is one of the first researches in the field of physically disabled women and tourism in Iran.

Attention to the remaining areas of urban development is one of the most important problems facing all cities in the world, especially in less developed countries and the Third World. Urban regeneration policy is one of the newest methods of intervention in the old contexts and The issue of social capital is also raised as one of the pillars and requirements of the urban regeneration process. The main purpose of this study is to assess the indicators of social capital to examine the realization of the regeneration approach in the dilapidated fabric of Jaghtai city. Data were collected through two methods documentary and field (questionnaire). Data were analyzed using mean comparison data, analysis of variance and correlation coefficient, one-sample t-test, and multivariate regression in SPSS software. Cronbach's alpha was used to test the reliability of the research and the SWOT technique was used to present the strategies. Is. The indicators of social capital that have been considered in this study include social participation, social trust, social awareness, social solidarity, social relations, and a sense of belonging to the environment. Also, the urban regeneration approach was measured in four dimensions of physical, social, economic, and human capacity components. The results show that the average social capital of the residents of the study neighborhood is lower than average. In the case of components of tuition regeneration, the mean of physical characteristics is lower than average and the mean of other components is above average and in good condition. Strategic results are more offensive, so it is suggested to use existing internal strengths to create and strengthen existing opportunities.

Social sustainability today, as the most important dimension of sustainable development, has an important place in urban planning and its importance in planning is constantly increasing with the increase of social problems and divergence between neighborhoods in terms of performance and participation. Therefore, this requires more research in urban studies. This study was conducted to investigate the role of social participation in the development of social sustainability in neighborhoods. For this purpose, the significance of the significant effect of these two variables has been measured. The research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. Data collection was library and field method. The statistical population of the study consists of a group of experts who were selected by the available method of 20 people as the sample size of the study. Data collection tool is a questionnaire based on theoretical foundations and studies conducted on a five-point Likert scale. Data analysis was performed using structural equations with the help of Emus software. The results showed that the social participation of citizens in neighborhoods with a coefficient (beta) of 0.732 has a positive effect on sustainable social development of these neighborhoods and the relationship between these two variables is significant. In other words, sustainable social development will be strengthened by strengthening social participation. And the variables of sense of belonging, satisfaction with the neighborhood, participation in neighborhood activities and trust also have a positive effect on the variables of social participation in neighborhoods.

Nowadays, the sustainable viability of rural areas is greatly influenced by the social capital of the villagers. In other words, improving the dimensions and indicators of social capital provides the basis for achieving life facilities in line with sustainable rural livability. Social capital is one of the fundamental pillars for the participation of villagers in the development of economic plans and as a capacity to improve sustainable rural living, which creates the ground for the constructive participation of villagers. In other words, social capital plays an important role in the participation of villagers in developing economic plans for rural settlements. For this reason, social capital is considered a solution in rural areas to solve economic difficulties, which is effective in the participation of villagers in the process of economic development of villages. Therefore, the value and necessity of the subject require us to get a deeper scientific understanding of the effect of social capital and the participation of villagers in the development of economic plans and sustainable rural livability in the study area.

The current research is quantitative in terms of its practical purpose, in terms of the method of carrying out survey research, and in terms of the nature of the data. In this research, the effective and effective indicators of the research were analyzed based on the hypothesis and the conceptual framework using a descriptive-analytical method. Also, the method of data collection was library and field methods. The statistical population of the research includes the number of 178 inhabited villages in the central part of Jiroft city based on the results of the census of Iran Statistics Center in 2016. To determine the random sample size, 30 villages were randomly selected to fill out the questionnaire at the village level. It should be mentioned that based on the "central limit theorem," the number of samples larger and equal to 30 from each community will be sufficient due to the normality of the distribution. Thus, the sample size calculated for random sample households based on the "Cochran" formula with a confidence level of 95%, a pre-estimated variance of 0.25 (0.5*0.5), and a desired probability accuracy of 5%, the number of 352 households was calculated. The quorum was not found to complete the questionnaire since the number of sample questionnaires in several villages, according to the method, compared to the size of the households in the villages. Therefore, the number of random sample household questionnaires was increased to 400 households. Also, AMOS software was used to analyze the questions to enter the model and the structures. The measurement of the research indicators was in the form of Likert Scale options ranging from 1 very low to 5 very high.

The research results revealed that among the indicators of social capital, the index of social cohesion had the lowest average of 2.83, and social organization, with a value of 3.42, had the highest average. The average indicators of participation of villagers in the development of economic plans are equal to 2.85. Among the dimensions of sustainable rural livability, the economic dimension has the lowest average, 3.15, and the environmental-ecological dimension has the highest average, 3.59. In addition, the findings of the communication model of the research showed that the fit of the coefficients of the social capital path had an effect of 1.39 on the participation in the development of economic plans and on sustainable rural livability by 0.54. Based on this, the findings revealed that the path coefficient of the variables has a good fit. Thus, social capital can positively affect the villagers' participation in the development of economic projects.

The literature and research findings revealed that social capital is an important factor for participation in the development of rural economy plans. In such a way, the formation of social groups by official organizations such as agricultural jihad and semi-official organizations such as Barkat Foundation and the like has effectively expanded the network, social relations, and social trust among the villagers. The result is increased social participation and participation in economic projects in the studied villages. Therefore, the improvement of the dimensions of social capital has led to the participation of villagers in the plans and programs of economic development of rural settlements. This has resulted in the improvement of environmental-ecological, social, and economic dimensions of sustainable livability in the studied area. In general, it can be said that although the improvement of social capital indicators in the studied area has led to the participation of villagers in the development of various agricultural and non-agricultural economic projects, the local administration must provide clear training and awareness in the field of development of various rural economic plans and gain social trust to create the ground for their participation in such plans and in order to improve the dimensions of livability.

Nowadays, cities engage in a competition to showcase their innovative approaches within financial frameworks. The objective of this research endeavor was to employ the technique of structural equation modeling to validate a conceptual framework pertaining to social participation in the establishment of creative districts within urban settings.

The methodology employed for this study involved conducting applied research within District 11 of the Tehran Municipality during the year 2023. The selection of the statistical population was based on the most recent population and housing census, resulting in a total of 308,176 individuals. By utilizing the Cochran formula, a sample size of 383.6 individuals was determined. After eliminating incomplete questionnaires, a total of 374 questionnaires from native residents of District 11 in Tehran were analyzed. Each neighborhood within District 11 made a contribution of 22 questionnaires. Spatial cluster sampling was implemented as the selected method of sampling. The collected data were subsequently subjected to structural equation modeling in order to ascertain the underlying causal relationships between the variables.

The results indicated a significant positive impact of involvement on social participation, as demonstrated by a path coefficient of 0.701. Moreover, several factors including the sustainability, depth, rate, and diversity of participation also displayed favorable and substantial effects on social participation, with corresponding path coefficients of 0.682, 0.226, 0.882, and 0.429. The increased level of social participation within the urban creative district played a pivotal role in promoting innovation, citizen engagement, quality of life, and the human capital of its residents.

In relation to the variables pertaining to social participation, it was observed that the variables associated with participation's influence exerted a more substantial impact, while the aspect of participation sustainability displayed a relatively weaker effect on social participation within the context of urban creative districts. Moreover, sub-indicators such as the failure to identify and attract talented individuals, the lack of cooperation and participation from diverse segments of society, contribute to the untapped potential and impede the growth of the urban creative district.

Urban regeneration is a comprehensive and integrated approach, emphasizing the expansion of intergroup relationships through voluntary associations, clubs, unions, and typically local and non-governmental groups. This applied research aims to assess the desirability of social participation in the reconstruction of the historical neighborhood of Soro. Utilizing a descriptive-analytical methodology, this study is designed to evaluate the desirability of the social participation component in redeveloping the historical context of Soro from the perspective of local residents. The information was collected through library studies, employing a questionnaire and interviews. The sample size consists of 400 local residents, and for data analysis, SPSS software and the factor analysis method were employed. Through content analysis and a review of various sources and theoretical texts, indicators were extracted and classified into four groups: internal, relatively internal, external, and relatively external indicators. The results revealed that 44% of social indicators are most influenced by internal factors, followed by 28% for cultural indicators, 16% for physical indicators, and 12% for economic indicators, respectively.

Participation has always been one of the important concerns of urban planners and managers. With the advancement of communication and information technology and the emergence of smart urban management, participation has gained a new meaning and concept.

The purpose of the research is to analyze the role of smart management in promoting the social participation of citizens in order to recreate the historical context in the 12th district of Tehran.

This research is of applied type and its method is descriptive-analytical. The statistical population were active experts in the field of urban regeneration of the studied area and its subordinate units. The sample volume is determined using the theoretical saturation method. In this method, 31 experts have been selected as the study sample. The sampling method was snowball technique. The method of collecting data and information was in the form of document review, questionnaire, semi-structured interview with some sample people. Data analysis using frequency tables was exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. 

The geographical scope of the research was district 12 of Tehran metropolis

The findings of the research show that smart management with the components of information sharing, providing platforms for participation and cooperation, internal coordination, governance based on information and communication technology and decision-making support strategies can provide urban managers with innovative solutions to promote participation and urban regeneration. to give The coefficients of the five factors, which were more than 0.05, indicate that the structure of smart governance has led to the modeling of the urban governance policy for the purpose of urban regeneration and facilitates organizational processes and relations between citizens and urban managers. More than 85% of the studied people agree with the desired structure

The results indicate that smart governance has caused the modeling of the urban governance policy and thus helps the cooperation and participation of the members of the groups involved in urban regeneration and as a result the interaction between the urban management and the people online increases.

The theories of urban planning in the 20th century were mainly physical-oriented and failed due to the lack of public participation. In response to this issue, the concept of citizen participation in public decision-making was introduced by planners. This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the role of communication planning in realizing the participation of local communities in Moradabad neighborhood of Chabahar. The data of this descriptive-analytical research were collected using library-documentary methods and field studies (questionnaire and interview). The statistical population of this research consists of the residents of Moradabad neighborhood. The participants were selected using Cochran's formula to complete the 5-point Likert scale questionnaire. In order to analyze the data, one-sample t-test and Pearson's correlation coefficient were used (applying SPSS and ArcGIS software to generate the map). The results of the social participation indicators for the social trust indicator recorded an average of 3.15 (higher than the mean), and the average of effort participation indicator was 3.35, the average of social connection was 3.2, the average of social belonging was 4.1 for the significance level of less than 0.05. The results show that the participation of people and residents in transforming the neighborhood into more livable conditions has had a significant impact. Therefore, since the total of the scales was at a significance level of less than 0.05 and the total average value was 3.43, the final result of this research show a significant relationship between communication planning and social participation in Moradabad neighborhood of Chabahar.

Today, cultural capital and its promotion are emphasized in reducing and controlling social issues such as environmental crises. It seems that sustainable development, especially its environmental aspect, depends on cultural and social factors. The purpose of this study is to investigate the cultural and social factors affecting the optimal performance of water resources protection and exploitation groups in Isfahan province. This research is based on sociological theories, the socio-psychological theory of Schwartz's altruistic behavior, Giddens's view, Moore and Maranz's view, and Stern's view. The research method is of descriptive-correlational survey type. The study population included all organizational forces and affiliated companies under the supervision of Isfahan Regional Water Company in 1400 (2021). The total number of statistical population was estimated to be 362 people. Then, 196 people were selected using Morgan's table. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect the data. Descriptive statistics (mean, variance, standard deviation, minimum and maximum, frequency, and percentage) and inferential statistics (Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation modeling method) were also used. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 24 and AMOS version 24. The results showed that cultural factors (social trust, social participation, and water conflicts) and social factors (environmental awareness, environmental attitudes, and culture of improving consumption patterns) had an effect on the optimal performance of water conservation and exploitation groups in Isfahan province. Environmental awareness (with a Beta weight of 0.235), environmental attitudes (with a Beta weight of 0.555), consumer culture modification culture (with a Beta weight of 1.063), social trust (with a Beta weight of 0.830), social participation (with a Beta weight of 0.929) and water conflicts (with a Beta weight of 0.909) had an effect on the optimal performance of water conservation and exploitation groups in Isfahan province. Accordingly, the environmental behaviors of citizens and institutions should be eco-oriented and based on people's values, beliefs, and environmental awareness. Therefore, in the new management and practical actions in water sustainability and its environmental challenges, in addition to technical factors, the attitude and environmental knowledge of man and the cultural aspects of his behaviors should also be noticed. The result of this research showed that environmental awareness and knowledge and the weak level of social participation of local users are factors affecting the efficiency and effectiveness of water resources protection groups in Isfahan.

Rural Production cooperative in the rural community plays an important role in the reproduction of the benefits of the agricultural sector. Improving human participation, reduce risk and cost of public investment in the production. Playing such a role requires attention to a variety of capitals in the Production cooperatives. Since production cooperatives are the places to be filled with the spirit of harmony unity, trust and partnership, attention to social is very important. Purpose of study was Studying the role of social capital in the functions of rural production cooperative of Negin-e-Sabz Choram county. The population was 650 members the sampling method was proportional random sampling the validity of questionnaire was achieved by a panel of experts and its reliability assessed by using Cranach’s alpha coefficient. The result of stepwise regression analysis indicated that participation, awareness and trust 40.2 percent of functions of rural production cooperative. To improve performance of rural production cooperative, attention .to component of social capital is suggested.

In the recent decades of citizenship rights to become one of the most complicated social and political issues and has attracted the attention of many thinkers and politicians. On the issue of awareness of citizenship rights and its factors, several studies have been conducted with different results in Iran, that combine and summarize our results will lead to a clearer understanding of this important fact. Meta-analysis aimed to identify points of differences and similarities of research in this field and identify the most important factors influencing the awareness of citizenship rights in Iran.

Population of the study almost scientific papers that are the subject factors awareness of citizenship rights in 2001 and 2021 were published. Finally, 22 papers selected and analyzed with the Comprehensive Meta-analysis software.

The results of the meta-analysis shows that first awareness of citizenship rights in Iran is average. Second of numerous factors, social participation and social - economic status and media consumption compared to other factors, a greater impact on awareness of citizenship rights in Iran. Third, the effect size analysis shows a significant effect of social participation, social - economic status and media consumption on awareness of citizenship rights were 0.32, 0.27 and 0.26 respectively. Considering the impact of these variables on the awareness of citizenship rights, the following suggestions can be made: introducing organizations, associations, associations, non-governmental organizations in different fields to citizens and explaining their various activities for increasing the level of people's participation; Using the capabilities of the Broadcasting Organization to produce programs on the subject of citizenship; and providing a suitable environment for demanding citizenship rights through television programs, text messages and the Internet system.

Like living organisms, the regeneration of cities is done through the renewal of worn-out cells and tissues. Sometimes the process of wear and tear is faster than the process of renewal, which causes the accumulation of wear and tear to reach a critical stage and makes it necessary to accelerate the renewal of worn tissues. What is important is the level of people's participation in improving and renovating worn-out structures. The current research is of a qualitative type and the method of conducting it is a systematic literature review using a meta-composite approach to analyze data extracted from selected sources. Finally, in the systematic review process, 28 sources were selected and used for qualitative analysis and coding. For this purpose, reliable documents accessible in search systems such as Google, NOormagz, Magiran Elm-Net and SID were referred to in the time period of 2010 to 2014. Then, by collecting and categorizing the counted codes, 15 dimensions and 67 indicators were extracted. The codes include physical, social, environmental, managerial, psychological, service, infrastructural dimensions, partial participation, how people are involved, the level of learning of executive and functional levels, the motivation that creates it, the quality of people's cooperation, the executive realm and the subject. The results of the research show that the low value of land and housing with frequency (27) and non-standard buildings with frequency (23) are indicators that have played great importance in various researches. On the other hand, informing, endogenous and exogenous motivation, the quality of imposed and forced cooperation, etc. are some of the less important indicators in this field. The most important aspects of the innovation of this research are the multi-level and systematic look at people's participation in the improvement and renovation of the worn-out urban fabric and also the identification of the main elements of this issue.

Tourism is a community-based industry, and the participation of residents is crucial for its success and long-term sustainability. This research aims to explore the role of social participation components of local residents in reducing the negative consequences of rural tourism in the central part of Faridan. The research is of an applied type, and in terms of research method, it is a descriptive-survey type based on a questionnaire. The statistical population of the research includes the residents of villages in the central part of Faridan, which according to the last census of 2015, is equal to 14,050 people and 4,673 households. Using Cochran's formula, a sample size of 375 people was sampled. A researcher-made questionnaire was used as the measuring instrument and the face validity was verified by a panel of experts. Its reliability was calculated based on Cronbach's alpha formula, ranging between 0.963 and 0.776 for different components. The questionnaire was randomly distributed among the residents based on the distribution of the village population. The findings suggest a positive and significant relationship between all the effective components of the research (social participation) and the socio-cultural variable. In the regression test, it was found that the educational level had a more significant effect compared to other variables in improving rural tourism. Therefore, increasing participation through social capital can lead to the improvement of tourism and the reduction of the social consequences of tourism in the villages of the studied region.