opportunities

With the emergence of free zones in the country, national, regional and local (rural) development has occurred and any of their activities will affect urban and rural settlements. Anzali Free Zone, despite very favorable conditions and laws and the creation of capital and asset security, has been one of the areas prone to attracting foreign and domestic investment in recent years, and this has caused socio-cultural, economic and ... changes in rural settlements around this area. The research method is descriptive-analytical, which has been evaluated by distributing a researcher-made questionnaire in the villages surrounding the Anzali Free Zone and conducting a field survey. The analytical results of the data show that the existence of the free and special economic zones of Bandar Anzali has increased land prices, increased income (in the warehousing sector, unloading, etc.). It has also caused reverse migration to some extent and stabilized the population to a very low to low level. Also, the relationship between the amount of exports and investment in development activities (transportation, road development, etc.) and the relationship between the existence of free and special economic zones and increased employment in the region were measured, which had a significant relationship based on Spearman's correlation coefficient at the 95% level. There was a correlation between the improvement of service delivery and the existence of a free and special economic zone in Bandar Anzali County at the 99% level. According to the hypothesis testing and data analysis, although free and special economic zones have played a role in the development of the region, the success achieved in this field is not very significant, as 68.8% of people (rural residents and experts) stated that the role of these zones in the development of the region has been moderate to weak.

The foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran and its relations with Afghanistan, Iran's neighbor, are important both geopolitically and in terms of politics, also economics, and culture. Based on this, Afghanistan is a country that should be considered in Iran's foreign policy. Therefore, this study aims to examine the challenges and opportunities in Iran's foreign policy towards Afghanistan, especially considering the recent occurrences in this country. This article is a descriptive-analytical study. The research method and materials are qualitative, and also note-taking was used to gather information. The results show that among the challenges of Iran's foreign policy towards Afghanistan, we can mention insecurity and instability resulting from the Taliban's dominance, which causes events such as the increasing wave of Afghan migration, the presence of terrorist groups like ISIS, the need to manage relations with other regional leaders, and ethnic and religious issues. At the same time, there are opportunities such as the possibility of economic and commercial cooperation, playing a positive role in reducing tensions and peace processes, border management, expanding political influence, and strengthening regional cooperation. Therefore, to take advantage of these opportunities and address the challenges, Iran needs a comprehensive and balanced strategy in its foreign policy. In this regard, emphasis should be placed on important challenges such as the uncertain future of how the Taliban will deal with Afghan Shias and the tension over the hari rud River, as well as opportunities such as the Islamic Republic's cooperation with China and Russia in Afghanistan and economic relations with this country. Overall, it can be said that the history of relations between the Islamic Republic and Afghanistan can influence the foreign policies of both countries, considering the Taliban's regime in this country.

China currently attaches special importance to Iran, which is due to Iran's geopolitical and geoeconomic position. In this regard, the participation of the Islamic Republic of Iran in this initiative has always been requested by the Chinese. The signing of the 25-year cooperation document between Iran and China, between the Islamic Republic of Iran, as an oil-rich country with regional influence but under American sanctions, and China as a global power but under American pressure, a new strategic pressure in West Asia for America and His allies created. On the other hand, the vast province of Sistan and Baluchistan is located on the route of 2 of the three largest transit corridors in the world, which makes the Milk-Chabahar axis a transit road of the Southeast Development Plan. Due to its location and strategic features, this region is very important from a geopolitical, geostrategic and geoeconomic point of view. Sistan and Baluchistan and Milk-Chabahar axis as a geographical space has a geopolitical role. Since the geography and location of Sistan and Baluchistan plays an important role in China's One Belt One Road project, the problem of this research is the opportunities and challenges of the 25-year cooperation document between Iran and China, emphasizing the location of Sistan and Baluchistan. This research was conducted in a descriptive and analytical way and the data needed for the research was collected in a library way. The results of the research show that there is a kind of relationship based on economic interdependence

In Mazandaran province, nearly 230,000 hectares of land are used for rice cultivation, and in recent years, approximately 85,000 hectares of land have been under second rice cultivation. In 2021, about 300,000 tons of paddy rice were harvested in the rice fields of Mazandaran from the second cultivation, which had a financial turnover of more than 10,000 billion tomans for the agricultural economy of the province. Therefore, organizing the second cultivation is undoubtedly better than its complete elimination. Nowadays, second cultivation is done in different parts of the world. Farmers in Southeast Asia and some countries of Latin America, which are located in the tropical region, cultivate rice up to three times a year due to abundant rainfall in all seasons and suitable climatic conditions.Every year, the first cultivation of rice is done in 110,000 hectares of paddy fields in the Haraz catchment area, which is located in the counties of Amol, Babol, Fereydunkenar, Mahmoudabad, and Babolsar, about 20 to 30 days earlier than in the eastern part of the province. For this reason, the largest area of second cultivation is also in this area. Rice farming is one of the most important agricultural activities in Mazandaran and a significant source of income for farmers in the province. With an annual production of over one million tons, 42% of the country's rice needs are met in this province. Statistics demonstrate that the per capita consumption of rice for each Iranian is about 36 kilograms, indicating an annual consumption of more than 3.1 million tons in the country. Approximately 2.2 million tons of rice are annually supplied from domestic production, and the remainder needs to be imported. Therefore, governmental supportive policies for self-sufficiency on the one hand, and the financial needs of small landowners on the other hand, urge farmers to engage in second rice cultivation in some coastal areas of Mazandaran Province due to favorable climatic conditions. However, considering the water scarcity challenge in Iran and the transfer of flowing water from Mazandaran Province to other parts of the country, the second cultivation of rice caused some worries and concerns that should be taken into consideration.

This study is in review form and the terms of the method is descriptive-analytical based on field studies. The method of collecting data is based on library and field research.  The study population consists of 2,565 households from eight villages in Laleh Abad District of Babol County, with a sample size of 330 rural households determined by using the Cochran formula. Multiple indices were included in the questionnaire and measured at different levels (nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio). The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by experts, and its reliability, using Cronbach's alpha, was calculated as 0.86 in the SPSS environment. The distribution and completion of questionnaires among rural households were conducted based on the proportion of the population in the villages by systematic simple random sampling. Data analysis was performed using gamma correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis in the SPSS software. In addition, ArcGIS software was used to prepare and adjust the map.

The results of the Friedman test, while indicating the significant impact of second rice cultivation on the economic prosperity of rural households, also reveal significant differences among various economic indices. On the other hand, the results of Gamma correlation analysis represent a significant relationship and correlation between various environmental damages and the unchecked expansion of second rice cultivation. Moreover, the calculation of the adjustment coefficient and coefficient of determination in multiple linear regression analysis indicates that the environmental threats surveyed in the current research are up to 65% dependent on the indiscriminate expansion of second rice cultivation. Therefore, in order to strengthen the economic prosperity of the second cultivation and prevent the possible destruction of the rural environment, optimum planning of the second rice cultivation is inevitable in order to maintain the rural environment in the framework of land-use planning.

Unfortunately, in recent years, there has been a dual policy regarding the second cultivation of rice, which has confused many farmers and villagers. On one hand, government support policies in the Sixth Development Plan emphasize rice self-sufficiency, and on the other hand, provincial managers encourage farmers to cultivate other crops with less income that do not require as much water as rice.However, field studies indicated that the second rice cultivation needs Well water only in the first four weeks and the rest of the growing process is provided by rainwater, which is not part of flowing water, and its consumption has no effect on reducing the level of underground water. Given that the coastal villages of Mazandaran are considered highly water-abundant areas with surplus water resources, presenting an appropriate cultivation pattern, seed modification, encouraging farmers to cultivate early-yielding and resistant crops, adhering to cropping calendars, and presenting a comprehensive and executable plan can bring a portion of the land under second rice cultivation. So, within the framework of sustainability principles and land-use planning, it prevents possible damage to the rural environment, while providing comprehensive benefits.

The political turmoil of the last two centuries in Afghanistan and the unfavorable performance of the four-year Mujahideen government (1371-1975), which resulted in insecurity, corruption and severe cultural and economic poverty, created a suitable environment for the emergence of Taliban in the political scene of Afghanistan. Historically, culturally, and territorially, Afghanistan has a lot in common with Iran. But despite these many commonalities, there are various challenges in the path of convergence of these two countries. purpose of this article is the challenges and opportunities of Iran's foreign policy towards Afghanistan (case study: Taliban government), which is done using the descriptive-analytical method. main question of the research is about the challenges and opportunities of Iran's foreign policy towards Afghanistan in the government. What is Taliban? How is role of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the process of war and peace in Afghanistan evaluated? To what extent can history of relations between Islamic Republic of Iran and Afghanistan affect foreign policy of two countries, considering the rule of Taliban? results of research show that challenges such as unclear future of how Taliban will deal with Shiites of Afghanistan and tension over Harivard, as well as Islamic Republic of Iran due to its confrontation with America and presence of this country in Afghanistan, play a role in continuation of war in Afghanistan, and history of relations Islamic Republic of Afghanistan can be influential in foreign policy of two countries due to the Taliban's rule in future in relations between two countries.

Comprehensive management is a new concept and a new approach in planning, development, management of water resources and vegetation with special emphasis on economic, social and environmental issues. The purpose of this research is to present the comprehensive management strategies of the Dubai Basin using the SWOT model and determine the implementation priority with QSPM. For this purpose, first the weaknesses, strengths, opportunities and threats of the studied basin were extracted using the brainstorming method and group decision-making for the Doabi watershed in Tehran province, and then the relative importance and final value of each factor in the matrix was determined and analyzed. In order to prioritize the strategies, the QSPM matrix was also used. The results of this study showed that the component of the presence of springs, aqueducts and rivers in the basin with a weight of 0.24 as the most important strength, two weak components of lack of water and humidity in the downstream areas of the basin and low rainfall in the outlet area of the basin with a weight score of 0.24 as The most important weak points, the component of grade 1, 2 and 3 asphalt and dirt roads with a weight of 0.16 have been identified as the most important opportunity and the component of flood and its resulting damages with a weight of 0.18 as the most important threat. The results also showed that the evaluation matrix of internal and external factors was 3.15 and 3.16, which indicated the dominance of strengths over weaknesses and opportunities over threats. In other words, the Doabi watershed is in an aggressive strategy. In order to manage opportunities and strengthen those, strategies were proposed and based on the QSPM matrix, management operations were placed as the first priority and biological operations were placed as the second executive priority.

Today, based on accurate scientific methods in agriculture, it is possible to achieve principled and comprehensive opportunities by recognizing the challenges of each region. Considering that saffron is considered as the most valuable agricultural and medicinal product in the world, by recognizing the challenges and opportunities ahead in its production, it is possible to provide quite favorable conditions in the life of rural households living in favorable areas for the production of this product. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to investigate the challenges and opportunities ahead for saffron production in rural households in Rasht. This research has been done by descriptive-analytical method. For this purpose, in addition to documentary studies and initial field visits, a wide range of economic, social, environmental and physical indicators were determined in accordance with the conditions of the studied villages. Data collection in sample villages and households was done based on selected indicators and through a questionnaire. Field studies have been conducted at both village and household levels. In this regard, the status of challenges and opportunities in the production of saffron in 355 households living in 26 villages of this district were examined. Spatial and statistical analyzes and ArcGIS and SPSS software were used to analyze the data. The research findings confirm that opportunities and challenges are individually and sequentially categorized into four dimensions (environmental, economic, social, physical-spatial), which shows that in the discussion of the challenge The environmental dimension with (29.21) percent of the special amount is considered as the most important challenge and in the discussion of opportunities, the economic dimension with (49.58) percent of the special amount is considered as the most important opportunity in Rashtkhar rural district. Becomes.

The dust storm has caused huge losses in Iran, especially in Khuzestan province. The agricultural sector of the province is no exception. The strategic analysis method is a useful analytical model for identifying the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats existing in the region to control the effects of the crises of the microspheres. Therefore, identifying the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of the crises of the microstates on the agriculture sector of Khuzestan and developing appropriate strategies for providing management solutions are considered as the main goals of this research. A library study, a questionnaire, and interviews with experts (34 experts) were used to collect data. Components of internal factors including 10 strengths, 18 weaknesses, and external factors including 20 threats and 11 opportunities were determined. To determine the final weight of each point using the AHP method, the final weight of each factor was determined. The results of the study indicate that surface water and runoff waters for supplying the water of the wetlands of the region as the most important strongpoint with a final weight of 0.807, adverse climatic conditions (climate change and periodic drought) As the most important weakness with a final weight of 0.145, the implementation of optimal management plans for natural resources (wetlands, etc.) as the most important opportunity with a final weight of 0.765 and lack of international and national cooperation to cope with the microgravity, it was considered as the most important threat with a final weight of 0.140. Also, based on the results, the final score of the internal factor assessment matrix was 2.432 and the final score of the external factors evaluation matrix was 2.629. Finally, the defensive strategy was introduced as the main strategy of the research, from the final score of these matrices.

Today, tourism industry has a high status in the economies of the country and plays an active and effective role in promoting the economic, social and cultural structure of countries, especially in the developing countries. Although tourism is just one industry, tourism has the most cultural interactions. The tourism industry plays a major role in the growth process and this is where Iran has the right advantages. The present research which is descriptive-research, has been conducted using library practices and practical studies and, in addition to identifying strengths, examines the weaknesses of tourism growth in the current situation of tabriz and the capabilities and limitations of tourism growth in the city and mentioned to matrix of external factors affecting the growth of tourism in tabriz city . These results indicate the inadequacy of the urban transport system for the growth of urban tourism, low attention to cultural and artistic attractions, lack of adequate and adequate parking in the historical context, attention to urban furniture, as well as beatification of tourist attractions, lack of management and planning Suitable for tourism related issues by urban organizations.

Today tourism is a very important socio-economic phenomenon in the world and according to the World Tourism Organization, it is currently the largest industry in the world (Movahed & Dolatshah, 2011). Tourism activities are considered as the fourth part of human activities after agriculture, industry and services. Experts predict that up to 2020, it will become the world's most profitable industry so that it is called as invisible export (Najafi Kani, 2009). The growth of the tourism industry in the past two decades is estimated to be 70%. The huge amount of money along with employment directly and indirectly has motivated many countries in the world with their natural capabilities and cultural and historical heritage to make an effort to allocate a share of this economy to them (Papoli Yazdi & Saghayi, 2006). Perhaps that is why Lewis Turner considers tourism as the most prospecting and complicated industry which third world faces and believes that tourism is the best alternative for other lucrative industries (Rayan, 1995) so that scientists consider it as a passport for development (Zangiabadi, 2006).
Tourism refers to a set of activities and measures which take place related to a tourist along with all the activities that a tourist does while traveling outside of his homes. The main feature of tourism is that in the first place it refers to a trip away from home or work and second that it is a short-term stay sometimes without a night stay (Dakhili Kahnamuyi, 2007).
Tourism consists of three basic dimensions: capital, management, technology and
two sub-elements of the natural factors as well as a set of cultural heritage. Among the factors that shape the organization and structure of tourism, one of its main foundations is the existence of capital and appropriate technology as an infrastructure which alters the tourism process (Papoli & Saghai, 2006; Abdolmaleki, 2008). Tourism, by developing the first residential-commercial centers for tourists, brings about some changes in destination and with a fast growth contributes to immigration

Achieving development in any society in the first stage requires national intention and will for development and definition of development paradigm that according to society circumstances, and in second stage depend on being a development road map that introduce the development capabilities and opportunities to develop on one hand, And current and future issues and challenges on the other hand, Be able to utilizes previous experiences, shows to the society the most optimal path of development. This paper that according to the issue design, research purposes and nature, considered as a basic research that in which the content analysis method and utilizing documentary studies and analysis of secondary data is used. The results showed that country while owning capabilities and significant advantage, faced with two categories of fundamental issues and challenges that be classified in both structural and contextual challenges and transition from the current situation to the desired state will be possible through exposure to the country's development planning is based on spatial planning. At the end in order to providing the National spatial planning document based on the sixth development plan should be done in 1396, to explain the questions and uncertainties, expectations and essential consideration have been done.

The current paper aimed at assessing the capacities and limitations of the model ranges in South Khorasan province (SWOT) that consisted of four components of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. Method study is based on objective, applied based on the nature and methods of descriptive analytic. That's rangelands components associated with these concepts were determined. Fifty experts in organizations and research centers associated with different areas of expertise. A weighted ranking based on SWOT, evaluated the importance of these factors to determine the positive and negative points rangelands were identified. The results showed that the potential for development and solve the problems of South Khorasan rangeland is somewhat provided. Based on the most important factor of strengths, doing point operations ranges with value 0.548. The most important strength, the factor of type dominant livestock and Surplus depends to range with value of 0.384. Most important opportunity to have traditional and indigenous knowledge to restoring ranges with value 0.388 and Most important threat is the lack of precipitation and the continuing drought and loss of valuable rangeland production potential with value 0.4. Offensive strategy was determined as the best strategy for the management and development of ranges.

Tourism industry has a special place in the national economy and plays an active and effective role in promoting socio-economic structure and culture of the country, especially in developing countries.Although tourism is an industry, it depends more on cultural communications.Tourism is fundamental in sustainable development and this trend in Iran is advantagous. A descriptive analytic research using library and field studies was implemented to achieve the goals of the study. In order to review and assess the current situation and the capabilities and limitations of tourism development in Tabriz, one-sample T-test for independent variables and Friedman test were used to rank the components of the desired situations.The results of the study showed the ineffectiveness of the urban transportation system in the development of urban tourism. Also the study confirmed the effectiveness of paying attention to the artistic and cultural attractions, parking and lack of adequate historical places, paying less attention to urban structure, as well as beautification of tourist attractions, lack of management and planning in matters of urban tourism agencies and tourism development.

Tourism has always been important throughout history, but what has given a certain dimension to this activity is the potential of this activity in the field of employment and sustainable economy. That tourism has advantages and great potentials, it has the disadvantages as well, such as precariousness of moral principles and destruction of natural habitats.
Bandar-e-Anzali as one of the cities in north part of the country, has numerous tourist attractions, and is the destination of a great tourists every year. This results in many positive and negative aspects in this city. The main objective of this study was to analyze the characteristics and potentials of tourism in Bandar-e-Anzali. The method is developmental and descriptive-analytic.
The data have been collected by library and field methods. Data analysis was performed by means of stability barometer, and in designing the questionnaire, the Likert scale has been used. The population consists of Bandar-e-Anzali tourists that comprise 384 participants according to Cochran formula.
The results of the research show the average capacity of Bandar-e-Anzali's tourism with the score of 65.04, which the most effective components affecting tourism are environmental and structural components with the score of 65.04. Finally by using SWOT model, for tourism development of Bandar-e-Anzali, suggestions like potential advertising of Bandar-e-Anzali were presented in order to attract foreign tourists, collaboration with residents to preserve the natural and man-made attractions, etc.

1. Today, sustainability of rural and urban settlements and their population in developing world is one of the greatest challenges of the 21st century. However, today due to development of urbanization, the rural areas have undergone many changes . These changes have been concurrent with the developing process of urbanization and unorganized expansion of cities on the one hand, and the decreasing significance of rural settlements on the other hand. Therefore, considering the importance of an appropriate new model of living and in line with the sustainability of rural settlements, this paper aims to investigate the capabilities of creating an urban village in the villages of Jagharq, in rural district of Torghabeh, Binalood County. Accordingly, the main research questions are: What are the opportunities in creating an urban village in the villages of the study area? What are the weaknesses and threats constituted by villages in creating a model of an urban village?
2. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK: The experience of many developed and developing countries of the world suggest that the plans for physical development of rural areas are based on territorial planning approach and in the context of sustainable development, and the link between different aspects of sustainability in planning for sustainable development in rural areas is quite important. Nevertheless, physical environment provides suitable conditions for sustainable development, and the adoption of a systematic approach in physical planning with regard to approaches to environmentalism, conservation and society is of critical importance. In this regard, the increasing trend in construction in the suburban areas and in the heart of nature in the form of villas and housing estates especially in rural highlands of the country, shows the necessity of developing a model of settlements which have the required sustainability in development, which is well applicable in all the economic, social, cultural, political and physical-environmental conditions. On the other hand, to improve the material and spiritual well-being and the quality of life both at present and in future, are the primary objectives of achieving sustainable development. It seems that this attitude could be reproduced in the form of urban villages, which maintains both modern and traditional concepts common in the history of the Iranian neighborhoods. To adopt a model of urban villages which benefit the guidelines and control of new constructions, could be compatible with the characteristics of the rural environment through defining the specific principles and criteria, and it would play an effective role in preserving the natural environment and quality of life in rural settlements, and it would establish peace and order in urban settlements of the country.
3. This study is an applied one which has used descriptive-survey method for data collection. The population of the study consisted of rural households living in the village of Jagharq, which is estimated to be 767 rural households based on available statistics. The sample size, according to Cochran logical formula and using random systematic method is 227. In order to analyze the opportunities and challenges in creating an urban village in the village of Jagharq in a descriptive-field research, the opportunities and challenges were categorized in the form of four components (economic, social, environmental and physical), and 32 items. Prior to filling the questionnaires, the experts in this field confirmed its reliability. The main tool for gathering the data and measuring the variables, was the questionnaire designed by the researcher. The data were processed and analyzed using SPSS software package, in the form of statistical method of factor analysis.
4. In the present study, to assess the opportunities and challenges in creating an urban village in the village of Jagharq, were measured in 35 variables in the form of four components (economic, social, environmental, and physical) using factor analysis model. As the results show, the opportunities and barriers to the creation of urban villages, were categorized separately and in three and four factors respectively. The results showed that -opportunities accounted for 70.94 percent of the total variance among which physical-environmental factor with 42.83 percent of the eigenvalue, is known as the most important -opportunity. After that, economic and social aspects, account for respectively 14.26 % and 13.85 % of the variance of eigenvalue of the second and third factors. On the other hand, the variance of all the challenges is equal to 69.03 percent. The physical-environmental challenges with 26.34 % and the variance of eigenvalue, were the most important challenges in the study area. After that, the economic challenge (17.03%), the physical-environmental challenge (14.41%) and social challenges accounting for 11.23% of the variance of the eigenvalue, are in the next ranks.
The results of the factor rotation, in Varimax method show that from 35 variables included in factor analysis, only 21 variables that have a factor loading of higher than 0.5% have remained.

Trend of rural migration towars Tehran (as capital of Iran) has dramatically changed both social and economic structure of this city. In fact attractions exist in Tehran vis a vis to rural part of country are the main cause of current situation. The presence of rural population in Tehran is not totally negative. In case of good management of human resources of Tehran, it is possible to transforme entire population of Tehran to constructive factor that not only is not harmful for city but can help to devlpment of Tehran and other cities which have the similar problem. In This paper we try to study different aspects of prensence of rural population in Megapole of Tehran.

Ecotourism or nature tourism is one of the branches of tourism that is based on natural attractions. Ecotourism industry includes strategies to identify areas of prone nature and the planning for these areas to attract ecotourists and create the infrastructure facilities for them. City of Kermanshah is among regions with interesting scenery which enjoys rich cultural and historical attractions in the field of tourism. This study tries to evaluate the challenges and opportunities of nature tourism of this city using SWOT strategic model and to present appropriate strategies to achieve sustainable ecotourism for the region. It is a descriptive-analytical study and data collection is done using library، survey and documentary methods. The results of this study indicate that pristine nature and high ecotourism capabilities with a score of 0. 45 and varied climate with a score of 0. 32 are among the most important strengths. Lack of proper introduction of the region attractions with a score of 0. 32 is the most important weakness. Job creation with score of 0. 36 and visits management with a score of 0. 28 are the most important opportunities and Lack of organized and studied programs with a score of 0. 40 are the most important threats to the sustainable development in ecotourism of the area.

]Iran is located in one of the most critical geopolitical positions of the world, so that active geopolitical areas with extensive functions have surrounded Iran and changed it into an attraction for regional and global diplomacies. This has resulted in Iran effectiveness in regional and global transitions.
Yet, foreign policy and governments’ performance depends on geopolitical environment and provision of necessary factors for interacting in a collection of spatial and temporal behaviors. Islamic Republic of Iran needs to design and implement its foreign policy based on its geopolitical position (position, situation, energy resources, ideology, and cultural territory) with efficient interaction and a mutual understanding of time and space. Thus, the present article seeks to reach a deep and precise understanding of favorable and unfavorable geopolitical contexts in Iran. It defines approaches used for the realization of opportunities and confronting different challenges facing Islamic Republic of Iran’s effective presence in international changes with lowest expenses and highest profits.

The aim of this study is examine environmental behavior، environmental concern and opportunities for tourists and the relationship between these variables. Therefore، 300 questionnaires among coastal tourists during the New Year holiday (2012) had traveled to the coastal city of Bushehr، were distributed. Finally، 267 completed questionnaires were collected. The findings show that the average environmental behavior، environmental concern of tourists is a bit more than average. Also، the average of opportunities variable indicates that opportunity for tourists are on average level. Although all three variables are higher than average، but these are not very satisfactory. In addition، the results indicate that environmental concern and opportunity variables have a positive relationship with environmental behavior of tourists، but with control of them، these relationships were rejected. Therefore، it is necessary to sensitize the public، and increase their concern for doing environmental behaviors. On the other hand، with increasing environmental concern، to provide opportunities seem to be necessary in cities، especially in tourist areas.