sustainability performance

In recent years, attention to sustainability in corporate decision-making has increasingly increased, with stakeholders emphasizing the importance of long-term performance in environmental, social, governance and economic dimensions. The CEO's role in shaping the firms approach to sustainability is crucial, as their decisions directly impact the company's strategic direction. Psychological characteristics, such as optimism, myopic, Competitive motivation, and job security, are recognized as pivotal factors that can significantly influence corporate strategies and, consequently, sustainability outcomes. This study investigated the effect of CEO psychological characteristics on sustainability performance using data from 1,140 firms listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange between 2013 and 2014.The results showed that optimistic, myopic and job security behaviors of the CEO do not have a significant effect on sustainable performance, while competitive motivation has a positive and significant effect. Based on the stakeholder theory, this research shows that the psychological characteristics of the CEO can affect the strategic and long-term decisions of firms and suggests that firms and investors should consider the psychological characteristics of managers in the selection and performance evaluation process. Also, these findings can help policymakers in designing appropriate legal frameworks and incentives to encourage firms to adopt sustainable and responsible practices. Finally, it contributes to a broader discourse on the role of leadership psychology in shaping sustainable corporate practices.

Working capital management refers to the management of current assets and liabilities and is used to create a balance between them so that shareholders can get the maximum return for investing in assets by effectively managing working capital. The efficient management of the working capital of companies is very important for the continued survival and life of the company and shows how to use short-term capital and is also used to measure the company's liquidity. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of sustainability performance on working capital management of companies. The current research is applied and from the methodological point of view, the correlation is causal type (post-event). The statistical population of the research is all the companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange, and using the systematic elimination sampling method, 133 companies were selected as the research sample and were examined in a 10-year period between 2012 and 2021. The results of the research hypothesis test showed that sustainability performance has an adverse effect on the liquidity conversion cycle, the average debt collection periodand the average debt payment period of companies. In factby increasing the company's activity in line withcorporate sustainabilitythe company's liquidity conversion cycle will be shorter and faster, and the company will achieve its initial capital, and on the other hand, the period of collecting claims from those with whom it has worked on credit will be reduced and the period of debt payment will be reduced. It will be reduced to others.

The purpose of this article is to explain the impact of the company's regulatory performance on sustainability performance and dividends. Lawmakers and institutional authorities in countries around the world have come to the conclusion that corporate governance and corporate disclosure transparency are two inseparable tools for protecting investors and the effective and efficient functioning of the capital market. Although corporate governance and sustainability reporting are recognized research areas, relatively limited attention has been paid to examining possible empirical links between these two areas. Considering that corporate sustainability disclosure is likely to be heavily influenced by ethics, the ethics and values ​​of people who are mainly involved in formulating and making strategic and financial decisions in the company are formed, so the corporate governance mechanism plays an important role. The literature on corporate governance and sustainability reporting indicates that sustainability disclosure choices are positively related to internal and external corporate governance mechanisms, including board independence, audit committee, ownership structure, and institutional ownership. Research has shown that social responsibility measures have a positive effect on a company's financial performance, especially in emerging markets. However, the firm's sustainability performance may have an adverse effect on financial decisions, and firms may tend to reduce dividends because liquidity must be secured for sustainability activities that meet shareholder expectations. That is, there is a tendency in emerging markets for controlling shareholders to direct resources towards sustainable activities, which leads to a negative impact on dividend policy. Therefore, companies can apply corporate governance issues in the affairs of the company while presenting a favorable image of the company in order to benefit from its benefits, including better and cheaper access to financial resources. Also, the organization of Tehran Stock Exchange can formulate the necessary requirements and regulations in the field of disclosure of social information for the companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange and rank the companies in terms of applying and implementing issues related to sustainable performance and for information and Publish the decision of the shareholders.

The purpose of this research is to review theoretical and integrated perspectives on business sustainability.

This research is a theoretical-analytical study conducted using the descriptive-analytical method.

The dimensions of sustainability performance and related risks, the theoretical framework of sustainability, and operational sustainability standards, performance, and reporting presented in this research can be useful for global companies and their management, policymakers and regulators, investors, educators, and researchers. All theories (including agent/stakeholder, stakeholder, signaling, institutional, legitimacy, and monitoring) focus on key sustainability performance measures such as operational efficiency, customer satisfaction, talent management, and innovation. They should consider internal factors such as strategy, risk profile, strengths, weaknesses, and organizational culture, as well as external factors such as reputation, technology, globalization, and the exploitation of natural resources. These theories and standards help explain management strategies and practices in creating financial sustainability efficiency to create equity value and achieve non-profit economic sustainability performance in protecting the interests of all stakeholders.

This research examined theories, standards, risk assessment, reporting, and best practices of business sustainability, including corporate governance measures and reforms to reduce information asymmetry between management and all stakeholders and create stakeholder value. The purpose of creating stakeholder value in business sustainability is to provide research opportunities to investigate information asymmetry between management and stakeholders, and even among shareholders.

operations and accounting adjustments (operating accruals). Since cash Economic units should disclose information based on the agreed framework in order to achieve the various goals of the stakeholders. One of these agreed frameworks is corporate sustainability. However, the understanding of the factors influencing the improvement of performance reporting is still unclear. In this regard, auditing and related issues are part of the factors affecting the sustainability of companies that have not been investigated yet. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the company's sustainability dimensions and the quality of accounting information and auditors' comments. In order to test the hypotheses of the research, a sample consisting of 143 companies admitted to the stock exchange was collected for the period of 2015 to 2021 and the results were analyzed based on multiple regression and using panel data. The results showed that the auditor's unacceptable comments lead to a decrease in the stability of the company. Also, the auditor's opinion reduces the dimensions of environmental, social and economic sustainability. In the same way, the quality of accounting information increases sustainability performance and environmental, social and economic dimensions.

Disclosure of corporate sustainability performance has created a great incentive for companies to improve their competitive advantage and has become a vital tool to meet the growing needs of corporate stakeholders to increase information transparency. The purpose of this research is to analyze the existential philosophy of corporate sustainability with emphasis on the causes, goals, advantages, disadvantages and beneficiaries of corporate sustainability based on a hybrid approach. The analysis of the qualitative part of the research was done through a semi-structured interview with 20 experts in this field and with the method of theme analysis. In the quantitative part, in order to measure the validity of the discovered concepts, by using a researcher-made questionnaire and confirming its validity and reliability, the opinions of 123 experts were obtained and analyzed using statistical tests. The findings of the research show that the most important reason for its emergence is the inability of traditional financial reports to cover the changes in the business environment and satisfy the needs of the stakeholders, due to the focus on the financial aspect and short-term time horizon; Achieving and simultaneously managing profits and responding to social and environmental expectations is the most important goal; Increasing the quality of financial reporting is the most important advantage and the possibility of pretending to implement corporate sustainability and diverting public minds in order to escape from laws and regulations is the most important disadvantage of corporate sustainability.

Paying attention to social contributions has recently attracted a lot of attention in empirical research and theoretical literature. In the last decade, the attention of companies has shifted from maximizing the wealth of shareholders to paying attention to the interests of all stakeholders. Social partnerships can lead to gaining the trust of society as well as reducing the company's risk and improving the company's reputation. Therefore, the aim of this research is to investigate the effect of corporate governance and financial distress on the relationship between the company's sustainability performance and profit sharing policies. Is. This research is practical in terms of purpose and analytical in nature. To collect its data, the financial statements of the Tehran Stock Exchange companies were used, and for their analysis, Eviuse software version 10 was used. The statistical sample of the research is 105 companies from the companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange during the years 2015 to 2021. The findings of this research show that there is a positive and significant relationship between sustainability performance and profit sharing policies. The bord size lead to the weakening of the mentioned relationship. The independence of the board of directors and the dual duties of the CEO also have no significant effect on the mentioned relationship.

Evaluating the quality of sustainability disclosure and its impact on sustainability performance based on legitimacy theoryAbstractThe aim of this study is to evaluate the quality of sustainability disclosure and its impact on sustainability performance. In this regard, content analysis has been used to measure the sustainability disclosure of companies. In order to perform content analyze, a checklist tool consisting of 34 components and 104 indicators were used to describe the criteria for disclosure identification. The sample of the present study, which has been selected by systematic removal method, includes 130 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange for the years 2012 to 2018. This applied research is of a descriptive-correlation type. To analyze the data, Eviews Econometrics Software and a multivariate linear regression model have been used to test the hypotheses. The research hypotheses test results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between the quality of sustainability disclosure, amount of high quality sustainability disclosure and sustainability performance, but no negative relationship was observed between low quality sustainability disclosure and sustainability performance. In other words, in the Iranian capital market, the proposed components and indicators related to sustainability disclosure are not considered very important and attention is not paid to the quality of sustainability disclosure. Therefore, the evidence obtained in this study showed that the reporting quality of sustainability disclosure in Iran is lower than foreign research.

Corporate sustainability performance and corporate social responsibility, not only due to increasing consumer awareness, regulations and corporate governance, but also as a factor for improving corporate performance in the long term, have been highly regarded during the past two decades and become an important issue at the level of The world has changed. Sustainable profits are part of existing profits that are permanent and their durability continues. Permanence of profits is related to the quality of profits and they argue that the amount of changes in the current components of profits that are transferred to future values ​​indicates the quality of profits. Not all reported accounting profits are permanent. Is there a significant relationship between the company's sustainability performance and profit continuity on the relationship between profit quality and future cash flow? The statistical population of companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange between 1390 and 1400 and using the information of 186 companies and the multivariable linear regression method, the hypothesis was tested, and the results of the test showed that the quality of profit has a significant relationship with the future cash flow. Also, sustainability performance and profit continuity have a significant effect on the relationship between profit quality and future cash flow.

Intellectual capital as an intangible asset and also due to the possibility of continuous learning can be a stimulus for creating a competitive advantage for companies and as a result, more stability and a forward-looking view in earning profits, and paying attention to it may result in reducing the value gap and increasing the reliability of financial statements items. This study aims to investigate the effect of intellectual capital on sustainability performance reporting and business strategy of companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. For this purpose, the data of 126 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange in the period of 2013-2021 were collected and analyzed using multiple regression models. The results showed that the intellectual capital coefficient and its elements have a positive effect on companies’ sustainable performance reporting and also the intellectual capital coefficient and the efficiency of structural and physical capital have a positive effect on futuristic strategy while the efficiency of human capital has no effect on business strategy, Which in order to provide more information transparency, it is necessary to increase information and standardization of intellectual capital reporting in financial statements.IntroductionIntellectual capital as an intangible asset and also due to the possibility of continuous learning can be a stimulus for creating a competitive advantage for companies and as a result, more stability and a forward-looking view in earning profits, and paying attention to it may result in reducing the value gap and increasing the reliability of financial statements items. Business sustainability is a strategy that integrates social, economic, and environmental principles into the business model. Sustainable enterprises prioritize and apply environmental principles and socially responsible behavior in all business decisions and incorporate it into their business strategy. In a broader context, social, environmental, and economic demands are considered as three pillars of sustainable development. Business sustainability is not only desired for ethical and commercial reasons but also dictated by historical necessity. In the era of globalization and increasing competition, companies cannot underestimate the importance of social and environmental aspects, which should be equal in priority to financial aspects. Achieving economic, social, and environmental goals can bring many benefits and increase competitiveness. Considering that the institutionalization of intellectual capital and continuous innovation through it is considered a factor for creating a sustainable competitive advantage, the sustainable configuration of companies requires the configuration of intellectual capital to create sustainable added value. Today, the stability of companies depends on the use of a knowledge economy, and the prerequisite for the optimal use of a knowledge economy is the effective use of intellectual capital, and in general, it is necessary to create stability of performance to achieve sustainable competitive power, which according to previous researches, through the added value of intellectual capital can be realized. When talking about the role of knowledge in strategies, it means the knowledge of managers and employees of the organization. Employee knowledge can usually be a limiting factor in formulating organizational strategies, as some employees may not understand them. This is one of the biggest problems that managers face and it is the risk that employees do not understand organizational strategies. Developing a strategy is an activity that originates from the creativity of the human brain, and there is no written formula that gives the correct answer. On the other hand, intellectual capital as a knowledge-based approach has strengthened the interactions of individuals and groups in creating knowledge for the formulation and effective implementation of organizational strategy, the effective management of intellectual capital determines the structure, systems, and processes created by the company and the customer community in It is in line with interactive and competitive strategies inside and outside the organization. Considering the paradigm of a competitive force regarding the role of intellectual capital in gaining profitability and competitive power and the paradigm of the resource-based approach regarding the role of intellectual capital as a strategic asset, intellectual capital is considered one of the important drivers of organizational strategy and added value. Most intellectual capital will be associated with future-oriented and innovative strategy. This research aims to investigate the effect of intellectual capital on sustainability performance reporting and business strategy of companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. Methods & MaterialThis research is a correlational research, and in terms of the purpose, the research is of an applied type, because the data of the listed companies in the past (historical) years were used; therefore, it is considered a type of post-event research. For this purpose, the data of 126 companies of the Tehran Stock Exchange in the period of 2013-2021 were selected and analyzed using multiple regression models. FindingThe result of test the first hypothesis of the research shows that the coefficient of added value of intellectual capital, and the efficiency of structural, physical, and human capital have a significant positive effect on the reporting of the commercial sustainability performance of the studied companies, and among the elements of intellectual capital, the efficiency of human capital It has the highest coefficient and effectiveness. The result of test the second hypothesis of the research showed that the coefficient of intellectual capital and its two elements, i.e. structural and physical capital efficiency, have a significant positive effect on business strategy, but human capital efficiency has no effect on business strategy. It requires the creation and standardization of intellectual capital reporting in financial reports. Conclusion & ResultsThe obtained result shows that the coefficient of intellectual capital and its elements turns knowledge into a sustainable competitive advantage and as a valuable intangible asset causes innovation in products and processes and creates an increasing quality that expresses the role of The knowledge-based economy in the changing environment and with today's advanced technology plays a role in gaining sustainable profits by acquiring new customers and innovations in the company's sustainability path and results in the creation of value and sustainable competitive advantage. Also, companies with a higher intellectual capital coefficient choose an aggressive strategy to rely on intellectual and knowledge-based abilities as a factor of superiority among competitors, to produce products with more innovations and a more differentiated quality compared to Provide competitors. Because this is the business strategy that can turn the company's intellectual capabilities and intangible capital into value, and in the meantime, intellectual capital as a source of value creation with the direction of a future-oriented strategy in earning sustainable profits. The motivation of the process of continuous improvement causes more efficiency in the use of the company's available resources. Considering that human capital, through structural capital and customer capital, turns knowledge into a sustainable competitive advantage, the need to pay attention to the structures and facilitate the business environment and training managerial and entrepreneurial skills seems necessary. Therefore, it is suggested to the policy-making and standard-setting institutions, in the direction of training to transform knowledge into a competitive advantage, to introduce procedures for registering and reporting intellectual capital as a competitive advantage, to reduce the gap between book value and market value, reliable financial reports should be provided for decision making. Also, to achieve the interests of all interested groups in society by influencing the environmental and social effects of companies, more emphasis is needed on the standardization of intellectual capital reporting as a stimulus for commercial sustainability. Investors are suggested to consider the coefficient of the added value of intellectual capital as a factor to strengthen sustainable performance and future-oriented strategy to achieve sustainable profit and also to choose stocks with a long-term perspective in earning profit. Investors are suggested to consider the added value factor of intellectual capital as an intangible asset that stimulates value creation in choosing their optimal portfolio.  Corresponding author

Some companies voluntarily disclose additional information in addition to disclosing minimum information in accordance with relevant standards and other laws and regulations. Voluntary disclosure or ethical disclosure is the disclosure that companies make in addition to the mandatory disclosure requirements. Information disclosure is always one of the most important factors in reducing agency problems and information asymmetry. In addition, adopting policies based on transparency and information disclosure is one of the most important factors in the process of optimal and desirable corporate governance. One of the most important benchmarks of corporate transparency in the present era is attention to social issues, sustainable development and sustainability. In this regard, the present study examined the relationship between dimensions of corporate power in voluntary disclosure of non-financial information and corporate sustainability performance. The statistical population of this study included all companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange from 2008 to 1986 and the sample was selected through systematic elimination from the statistical population. According to the specified conditions, 112 companies were selected as the statistical sample of this study. It is worth noting that the hypotheses were tested by designing multivariate regression models. The results showed that firm strength as a moderating variable enhances firm performance.