خراسان رضوی

Developing the rural entrepreneurship ecosystem could be considered an appropriate strategy to accelerate the development of rural areas and increase job opportunities. On the other hand, applying entrepreneurship to Iran’s ecotourism and rural tourism is considered a supplement to agricultural activities to create favorable living conditions for the villagers and resolve the challenges existing in rural development. Therefore, this study sought to present a model for developing the rural entrepreneurship ecosystem in target tourism villages of Khorasan Razavi province using a qualitative research method with an applied descriptive-survey approach. To this end, the required data were collected via semi-structured interviews made with fifteen managers and board members of eco-tourist resorts. The data were then analyzed using the Grounded Theory method. Moreover, the validity and reliability of the model were measured via the Kappa index and confirmed by two researchers in the field of tourism and a few university professors. The study’s results suggested that the development of the ecosystem requires the decision maker to consider five aspects, including strategic orientation and effective leadership, identify appropriate sites’ locations, monitor the ecosystem’s development and provide its improvement mechanisms, set the demand-side policies, supply-side policies, and twelve sub-factors. Therefore, it could be argued that the proposed model may provide valuable insights for the development of an entrepreneurial ecosystem in rural areas with an emphasis on ecotourism opportunities.

Increasing soil carbon sequestration, in addition to increasing plant biomass, production and improving soil fertility, also has a beneficial role in green space development and landscape management. In this study, in order to evaluate the carbon sequestration project in Khorasan Razavi province of Mashhad city, based on sampling from soil depths of 0-15 cm, soil physical and chemical traits and plant traits were calculated based on field and laboratory measurements. In the step, by sampling of aerial and aerial plants as well as litter, the weight of aerial biomass carbon, the weight of biomass carbon after E and the weight of litter carbon in the soil and water laboratory are determined. Finally, with the total carbon content of soil, plants and litter, the amount of carbon sequestration per user per square meter is determined. After these steps, the database was prepared in EXCEL and SPSS software. In the comparisons, it is found that the components and chemical components have a significant difference at the 95% confidence level. The results showed that the percentage of soil organic carbon in the use of Atriplex (1.76) is higher than other applications, followed by the use of rosemary (1.71). The results of three-use carbon sequestration also showed that most of the cases were related to Mohammadi flower for 6 years and Mohammadi planting project was successful in increasing carbon sequestration in Mashhad areas. Also, the results showed that 3200 lands from the study area in terms of physiography and water resources have the potential to develop green space with the first priority. The use of rosemary in addition to the high ability of carbon sequestration, in the development of green space is also an acceptable efficiency.

in order to prioritize the management plans of desertification based on the scenario studies to manage the desertification hazard in Razavi Khorasan province, research and gathering information is used through targeted questionnaires or a view of the formation of expert groups. in this regard, based on the research criteria (determination of Uncertainty) within the framework of a closed and objective questionnaire using the Delphi method, experts were identified and experts were distributed. In the following, we used 6 stages to perform the scenario planning. Findings: the results showed that based on the results of the first phase of Delphi, in the first stage of analysis and analysis of the questionnaires, it was explained: climate criteria, water, human activities, vegetation, agricultural, soil criteria, soil, and finally erosion criteria. The first factor and the strongest factor in the first stage is the climatic factor. The criteria that were obtained in the final stage of the Delphi process from analysis and analysis of the questionnaires are: criteria of human activities, climate criteria, water criteria, Economy - social criteria, vegetation criteria, soil criteria, soil criteria, and soil erosion criteria. In the final stage, human activities and climatic factors play a role. Since these two factors have the greatest impact on this field as experts in this field, most are analyzed and analyzed. The basic guidelines in these two areas can be referred to the management of human factors in both sectors, which will take action by applying new technologies and using efficient people and public education to reduce the impacts of this risk

Today, in manufacturing or service organizations, customer satisfaction is considered as an important criterion for measuring the quality of their work, and this trend is rising, so that customer satisfaction is one of the main dimensions of quality management systems and models of excellence. The state-owned companies such as regional water companies are no exception. the present study, in addition to measuring customer satisfaction in regional water company of Razavi Khorasan, Approach to water conservation and the use of the customer satisfaction index, Strategies to create and increase customer satisfaction provided. The results show that overall customer satisfaction rate from company is about 60 percent, that In the meantime highest levels of satisfaction is for component of responding to complaints and problems. In addition, using a matrix of performance analysis, company's strengths and weaknesses were identified. The results show that company in most components of satisfaction has the relative weakness. Then, based on weaknesses identified in the company were presented management strategies to create and increase customer satisfaction.

Investment is a highly important economic variable that its increase or decrease can be a main cause of boom or recession in different economic sectors. It is also considered one of the most fundamental push factors in developing economic sectors.Tourism industry has a big share in Khorasan Razavi Province’s revenues. This papers aims to evaluate the impacts of tourism invesment on employment levels. In doing so, the study made use of an updated input – output (IO) table of Khorasan Razavi Province, and RAS method to develop and update the IO table.Results demonstrate that a one percent increase in the tourism investment (in Hotels and Restaurants), generates as many as 15,316 employment opportunites in the overal economy of the province, out of which 534 jobs are directly in tourism sector (equivalent to 3.5 % of total employment). The employment resulted from a one percent increase in the value-added of tourism, reflects a 58 percent share of employment in tourism sector and 42 percent in other activities.

The efforts of governments for achieving a better society without attention to the factors which make slowly movement toward future, wont include ideal results. Corruption is one of the most important factors. Awareness of causes of appearance and ways of controlling this phenomena, is an important necessity for designing an effective program to fighting with corruption. The present research which is performed in the public offices of Khorasan Razavi province is trying to determine changes at opinions about causes of appearance and ways of controlling of corruption. With a general look at passing 10 years from the first study, the economical factors of appearing corruption have been replaced by cultural factors and individual factors have been been replaced by organizational factors. The ponderable point in this ranking, is that in both studies, the lack of job conscience, the feeling of economical unfairness, inattentive to moral principles and ignoring rules as cultural disaster, are of the most important factors of appearance of corruption by the participators in this study.

The purpose of this study is to empirically examine the interrelated relationship among brand orientation, brand re-positioning, brand performance and international marketing issues. Using Ho Yin Womg’s model, ten hypotheses were tested. The sample consisted of producers and exporters of saffron in Khorasan Razavi. Using structural equation modeling to analyze the data, only two hypotheses were accepted. The major values of this study are the establishment of the role of branding in international branding. Brand orientation has a significant impact on international branding strategy, and the marketing environment impacts brand repositioning.