دولت الکترونیک

This study aims to design a model for enhancing the acceptance level of electronic services. The research philosophy is interpretive, and a mixed-method approach (qualitative and quantitative) was applied. The research is practical in purpose and exploratory in nature and method. The qualitative phase's statistical population comprised experts in executive and academic sectors related to electronic government, with a sample of 17 participants selected through purposive (snowball) sampling. The quantitative phase's statistical population included active employees in the information technology departments of executive agencies as electronic service providers, along with citizens of Zahedan as service recipients; the sample was selected using stratified sampling. The research strategy involved thematic analysis in the qualitative phase and fuzzy DEMATEL in the quantitative phase. Data collection tools included library studies, semi-structured interviews, and questionnaires, analyzed using SPSS and NVivo12 software. The content analysis results identified factors affecting the acceptance of electronic services in four categories, 16 dimensions, 33 components, and 146 indicators. The findings also indicated that causal enablers of acceptance level had the highest row and column differentiation values in the fuzzy total relations matrix (R-C), highlighting their impact, whereas consequences had the lowest values, indicating their higher level of dependency.

 The primary factor contributing to administrative corruption in the country is the lack of transparency and accountability of the government and its subsidiaries toward the public. The lack of attention to the transparency of Iranian public organizations over the years has resulted in irreparable damage to the country. In recent years, substantial financial and administrative corruption cases have emerged in governmental agencies nearly every few months. Thus, this research addresses a fundamental issue within the country, as a majority of the public has personally experienced these challenges and irregularities when interacting with public organizations. This study aims to present a model for enhancing administrative transparency in alignment with e-government development programs.

Design/ methodology/ approach: 

Since few studies have been conducted on the transparency of the administrative system in relation to e-government development programs, the nature of this research is exploratory, and the approach is qualitative. Specifically, it utilizes a case study strategy focused on the Social Security Organization. The research population includes elites and academic experts within the Social Security Organization. No sample size calculation was required because the qualitative sample was purposefully selected. The researcher used a snowball sampling technique to reach theoretical saturation, achieving it after conducting semi-structured interviews with 12 experts. The study employed thematic analysis to propose and validate a model titled “Model for Enhancing Administrative Transparency in Interaction with E-Government Development Programs.” Participant validation was used to ensure construct validity. Internal validity was established by comparing the experience-based model generated from coding, categorization, and qualitative data analysis with the anticipated model derived from theoretical subjects. To ensure the reliability of the qualitative part of the research and theoretical saturation, the agreement test based on the correlation matrix of the agreement of opinions between the interviewees and the diagram of two coders have been used. Additionally, the data analysis was performed using the Maxqda qualitative analysis software, version 2020.

 The research findings revealed nine main themes. The sub-themes for the first main theme (Organizational Culture and Atmosphere) include organizational values, organizational trust, motivational practices, and superior organizational atmosphere. Sub-themes for the second main theme (Administrative Structure and Processes) include structural and process integration, decentralization, and administrative process reform. Sub-themes for the third main theme (Managerial Factors) include appropriate leadership style, financial management, human resource management, and IT management. Sub-themes for the fourth main theme (Environmental Factors) include the economic environment, cultural environment, government and legal institutions, and the political environment. Sub-themes for the fifth main theme (Managerial Supervision) include hierarchical supervision, inspector supervision, and digital supervision. Sub-themes for the sixth main theme (Public Supervision) include individual monitoring, media oversight, and supervision by NGOs. Sub-themes for the seventh main theme (Public Accountability) include establishing an accountable structure, stakeholder accountability, and promoting a culture of accountability. Sub-themes for the eighth main theme (Establishment of E-Government) include e-service delivery, e-information dissemination, e-accountability, and e-participation. Sub-themes for the ninth main theme (Growth and Development of the Social Security Organization) include dynamism and flourishing, growth in organizational profitability, human resource growth and development, and improving organizational and staff performance.

Limitations & Consequences:

 Due to time constraints, this article only focuses on the Social Security Organization (selected for accessibility as the research population).

Practical Consequences:

 This research's findings benefit the Social Security Organization, all companies within this sector, and generally to all governmental and private organizations within the country.

Innovation or value:

 of the Article Given the limited studies on administrative transparency in interaction with e-government development programs, this study employs a qualitative research approach, specifically a case study strategy in the Social Security Organization.

This study examines tax system reforms and their role in improving tax compliance, transparency, and economic efficiency. Tax reforms include policies such as digitization of processes, tax fairness, and improved interaction with taxpayers, which have been used in many countries as a solution to increase tax revenues and reduce tax evasion. In Iran, despite efforts to develop e-government and financial transparency, challenges such as weak infrastructure, resistance to change, and traditional organizational culture still exist. This study emphasizes that for success in tax system reform, a comprehensive approach is needed with a focus on new technologies, taxpayer education, and social trust-building to achieve the goals of sustainable economic development and social justice.

There are many challenges and obstacles in the interoperability of the electronic systems of the courts to create integrated judicial services. The purpose of this research is to examine and prioritize the challenges of cooperation, in terms of creating disruptions in the exchange of information between prosecutors, in the judicial case management system, from the point of view of the judges' office managers. This research was done in 1401 in Alborz province. The process of hierarchical analysis has been used as a method. The researcher-made questionnaire was designed using theoretical foundations and previous research and was approved by professors and a number of experts in the judicial case management system. The collected information was analyzed using the hierarchical analysis process. According to the opinions of the managers of the judges' office, cultural, organizational, cost, managerial and technological challenges were prioritized. Then, procedural, legal, collaborative, functional and conceptual challenges were placed in the next priorities. Considering that the cultural and organizational challenges had the greatest weight, it can be concluded that the influence of human and organizational factors should be taken into account in the exchange of information in the electronic systems of the courts, in order to provide integrated judicial electronic services.

Social loafing loafing and improving productivity during the last decade is one of the main and important issues and problems at the level of organizations and even governments. In this regard, this research was conducted with the aim of presenting a hierarchical model of improving the productivity of remote work organizations in electronic government with the approach of reducing social unemployment in Central Bank of J.A. This research was carried out using a mixed method (qualitativequantitative), which extracted 11 indicators of the desired model in the qualitative part by using content analysis and interviews with 20 academic and organizational experts in the field of productivity and social unemployment. Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) was used to obtain the model in the quantitative part. The statistical population in the quantitative section included 16 research experts. Data analysis to achieve an eight-level model where the most effective indicators of this model at the eighth level are efficient organizational culture and communication and transformational leadership of challenging groups and teams and the index of improving organizational responsiveness are the most effective variables of this model. Utilizing the results of the exploratory pattern model of this research can practically lead to the reduction of social unemployment in remote working organizations and at the same time bring productivity improvement in these organizations.

The policy of Principle 44 (Privatization) is the beginning of an economic reform in the country, if it can achieve its goal if it is properly managed, therefore, in order to properly manage this issue, the main and most important task for the government, the judiciary and the legislature is to implement this policy. In this study, a suitable model is presented for the use of electronic government in the effective and desirable implementation of privatization in Iran's banking industry. The current research is qualitative and thematic analysis is used for analysis. The statistical population includes 18 university experts and senior experts in the field of privatization. Qualitative data approach and written semi-structured interview tool have been used to identify and describe dimensions, components and indicators. The results showed that relying on e-government in the effective implementation of the privatization policy in the banking industry has led to the identification of model elements and has led to the effective implementation of privatization and the desired implementation of Article 44 in the country's banking industry.

 The aim of this research is to examine and test the model for enhancing administrative transparency in interaction with e-government development programs in the Social Security Organization.

 This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of data collection method. Data were collected using a standardized researcher-made questionnaire. The statistical population in the quantitative section includes all employees of the Social Security Organization. The sampling method for the present study, considering the target population, is stratified sampling. Approximately 65,000 individuals are in the population, and based on Cochran's formula, a sample of 385 individuals was selected. Subsequently, the composite reliability and the reliability of each research component were calculated, with the results indicating the reliability of the measurement tool. Additionally, the divergent and convergent validity of the questionnaire suggests the validity of the instrument. For data analysis, structural equation modeling was employed using the Smart PLS4 software.

 The results indicate that e-government has a significant impact on the growth and development of the Social Security Organization. Administrative structure and processes significantly influence managerial oversight, public oversight, and public accountability. Environmental factors also significantly impact managerial oversight, public oversight, and public accountability. Furthermore, managerial factors have a significant effect on managerial oversight, public oversight, and public accountability. Organizational culture and atmosphere significantly affect managerial oversight, public oversight, and public accountability. Finally, managerial oversight, public oversight, and public accountability have a significant impact on e-government.

 The model for enhancing administrative transparency in interaction with e-government development programs in the Social Security Organization can be proposed as a comprehensive and practical package for all managers of executive agencies in general and for the Social Security Organization in particular.

Government data collected from public funds and contains valuable data, if opened, can be usable in various areas, can stimulate innovation. It is necessary to investigate contexts and factors affecting the Open Government Data driven Innovation (OGDI). The main question of research is: How does open government data lead to the creation of innovation? So that, trying to answer six sub-questions consisting: causal conditions, background conditions, intervening conditions, main phenomenon, strategies, and consequences about OGDI. This research, according to mixed method (qualitative-quantitative), first used the grounded theory based on Strauss-Corbin method; then due to qualitative analysis of data obtained from interviews, three-stage coding was used; next a quantitatively evaluated done by using Shannon's entropy method. Based on data sufficiency principle, up to theoretical saturation stage, 11 semi-structured interactive interviews with experts were done. Due to results obtained from interviews, 6 main categories according to the sub-questions of the research, and 20 sub-categories containing 95 concepts were extracted. Attention requirements per each main categories, subcategories and concepts were suggested for future research. Proposed theoretical model shows that, at first step, if "setting of supporting laws for OGDI", and "the demands of external stakeholders" (causal conditions) are done correctly; and at second step if simultaneously "market development and investment in OGDI" (context conditions), "drafting the data governance document" (main phenomenon), and "utilizing the capacity of the private sector in form of PPP"(intervention condition), executed correctly; also in third step, by using all types of innovation (strategy), it will achieve consequences such as transparency in the organization, solving "stagnation of private businesses" and "unemployment in society" problems.

This research was done with the aim of presenting a model of reducing social unemployment in order to improve productivity in Central Bank of J.A. This research is considered to be a practical methodology and it was done using a mixed method (qualitative-quantitative) that extracted 14 indicators of the desired pattern in the qualitative part by using content analysis and interviews with 20 academic and organizational experts in the field of social unemployment. and the Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) method was used to obtain the pattern in the quantitative part. The statistical population in the quantitative section included 16 research experts who were familiar with the structural modeling method. The ISM MATLAB software was also used in the data analysis. The qualitative and quantitative data analysis of the research was to achieve a ten-level model, the most influential indicators of this model are culture and efficient organizational communication and transformational leadership of challenging groups and teams, and the indicator of improving organizational responsiveness were the most influential variables of this model at the tenth level. Variables that include increasing individual productivity, improving employee motivation, increasing group and team cohesion and cooperation, strengthening employees' emotional and organizational dependence, improving organizational conditions and policies, allocating appropriate resources and technology, fostering collective orientation, evaluating and improving individual and group performance. , the reward of participation and group cooperation, the understanding of social emptiness from the organizational and managerial point of view, and the use of value and process engineering are also variables of the relationship.

Following transformation of key ways of improving the public services delivery to citizens, mobile phone technology has been noticed in the world. 

In this regard, the present study aims to develop m-government with the help of personalization of public services in Iran and with a mixed approach while applying targeted sampling and conducting semi-structured interviews to collect data. Thematic analysis technique was used to analyze the interviews. Then, with the help of Delphi, the components obtained in the qualitative section are validated in order to reach the consensus of the experts. Then, with a researcher-made questionnaire among executive managers, data was collected and structural equation tests were used to analyze it.

Qualitative and quantitative findings showed that the personalization of the mobile government in Iran has 5 main components and 16 sub-components in the form of social factors (e-services, e-participation), economic factors (productivity, policy making), managerial factors (accountability, human capital, transparency), political factors (e-legislation, information technology infrastructure) and cultural factors (e-support, e-education) are included and can be effective as an important measure to increase the transparency of government activities. It also helps to provide the services they need by removing time and place boundaries.

Experts emphasized management factors such as accountability and transparency of government affairs. Cultural factors are also very important because the level of digital literacy of the society is very important for the development of the mobile state. The government should pay special attention to the continuous review of laws related to information and communication technology.

The current research was carried out with the aim of explaining the effects of e-government benefits in order to continuously use e-government services among the citizens of Tehran, to help increase the use of e-government benefits by examining this effect and mediating factors involved in it. The current research philosophically follows the positivist paradigm and is based on the goal criterion in the applied-developmental research group and based on the criterion of the nature of data and the basis of quantitative research. The data collection tool is a standard questionnaire. Validity of the research tool based on Cronbach's alpha test for the e-government benefits questionnaire (0.75), intention to continuously use e-government services (0.73), citizens' trust (0.71), national culture (0.77), digital divide (0.79) has been confirmed, the statistical population of the research includes the citizens of Tehran. The sample size in this research is equal to 294 people using Sample Powell sampling software. The research data analysis tool is SPSS and AMOS statistical software. In order to determine the presence or absence of influence between variables and to estimate and generalize the results obtained from the sample size to the statistical population, a simple regression model with a hidden variable, a mediator model, and a path model have been used to evaluate the research hypotheses and the conceptual model of the research. The findings of the research indicated that the benefits of e-government have an effect on the intention to continuously use e-government services, and citizens' trust, national culture, and the digital divide have a partial mediating role in the effect of e-government benefits on the intention to continuously use e-government services.

Even though the electronic government can be a basic step to advance the goals of governments, it also faces challenges in the way of implementation. If the governments cannot provide electronic services uniformly to the general public, it will lead to a class divide in the society and ultimately people's dissatisfaction. The purpose of this research is to present the native model of e-government in Iran. For this purpose, first by reviewing the research literature, the theoretical framework of the research was developed, and the conceptual model of the research was presented and the research hypotheses were developed. In order to test the hypotheses, the statistical population including the elites of the headquarters of the Ministry of Sports and Youth were considered. Based on available sampling, questionnaires whose validity and reliability were confirmed were distributed among 131 people from the statistical sample and due to the non-normality of data distribution, partial least squares method and SmartPLS3 software were used for statistical analysis. Based on significant values, all six hypotheses were confirmed. The influence of managerial factors on the implementation of e-government equal to 0.608, human resources factors on the implementation of e-government equal to 0.658, technical factors on the development of e-government implementation equal to 0.671, economic factors on the implementation of e-government equal to 0.627, environmental factors on the implementation of e-government equal to with 0.661 and organizational factors on the implementation of e-government equal to 0.692.

In this research, by reviewing the subject literature and comparative analysis of electronic readiness evaluation models (E-Readiness), a conceptual model was developed to measure the readiness of organizations to accept, use and benefit from information and communication technology. This model includes 6 main criteria (emphasis and commitment of senior management, information technology policies and strategies, specialized aspects of management, development of information technology human resources, information technology infrastructure and information technology-based processes) and 24 sub-criteria related to each of the six main criteria. The validity of this model was done by obtaining the opinion of experts and conducting preliminary validation statistical tests. Then, using the ANP analysis process and the method of pairwise comparisons, and using the Super Decision software, the criteria, sub-criteria and their weighting were evaluated. Further, in the field study, the mentioned model was used to evaluate the preparedness of the studied organizations. The status of these organizations is better than the other fields in terms of top management's commitment to the use of information technology in organizations, the specialized dimensions of management and information technology policies and strategies in organizations. In addition, the organizations do not have a favorable situation in the rest of the fields. But since in terms of the commitment of the top management to the use of information technology in the organization, the policies and strategies of information technology in the organization and the specialized aspects of management have a relatively favorable situation. 

In recent years, the concept of smart governance has gained prominence as a means to institutionalize civil society. Understanding the factors influencing smart governance is crucial for guiding smart government projects. The principles of smart governance aim to satisfy all elements of society, particularly in the face of population growth and increasing crises, motivating leaders and statesmen to embrace intelligence across all facets of society. Therefore, striving for smart urban governance is essential to mitigate and address municipal challenges effectively. Existing research has laid the foundation for developing smart cities and smart governance, but traditional governance often lacks access to sufficient information and data. Despite the availability of this information and data, there is a need to further explore how to utilize and benefit from them. This underscores the necessity for more extensive research in this field.

This research adopts a qualitative approach, utilizing the seven-step meta-synthesis method developed by Sandelowski and Barroso. It comprehensively reviews sources related to smart governance and its associated factors, including 1,470 articles, books, and theses from reliable domestic and international sources published between 1390-1401 solar (2010-2022).

An examination of the existing literature on smart city governance reveals that while numerous studies have been conducted, only partial dimensions and indicators of smart city governance have been addressed. No previous research has comprehensively examined all dimensions and categories of smart city governance together. This study systematically analyzes both domestic research from 1390 to 1401 and foreign research from 2010 to 2022 in order to identify the dimensions and indicators of smart urban governance. Effective components in urban governance were identified and categorized as intelligent. Following a systematic review with a meta-synthesis approach, four optional codes (social, economic, cultural, and political) and 10 core codes (service management, productivity, management and organization, leadership, legislation, support and advocacy, governance quality, participation, education, and information technology infrastructures) were extracted.

The majority of studies focus on electronic service management, information technology infrastructure, and electronic legislation, while fewer studies address the quality of electronic governance. To ensure reliability and quality control, the Kappa method was employed, resulting in an excellent level of agreement for the factors of intelligent governance. Evaluating the progress of executive actions and sub-categories related to government for the establishment of smart governance necessitates comprehensive components and sub-components for assessment. By presenting an evaluation model of smart governance, including dimensions and categories, government-affiliated departments can enhance the effectiveness of their measures and identify areas for improvement. The integrated model of smart governance, synthesized through a meta-synthesis approach, enables governments to assess the performance of their affiliated departments while ensuring progress in establishing smart governance.

Electronic government is an opportunity to bridge the gap between the government and the nation (citizens), which provides the opportunity for citizens to participate in decision-making processes. The purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between electronic government and public participation and public accountability.

In this research, a descriptive-correlation method based on the structural equation model was used. The statistical population of this research includes citizens in District 5 of Tehran, who were determined through simple random sampling. And the required data were collected using a questionnaire. And 385 people were monitored and investigated as a statistical sample.

According to the collected data, the hypothesis test of the research variables (electronic government, public participation, public accountability) was done in the form of structural equation modeling and using Lisrel software. And the findings of this research show that there is a significant relationship between these three variables and public participation plays a mediating role.

By playing the role of fair distribution of information among citizens and their equal access to information and providing quality services, as well as providing a suitable platform for mutual interaction with citizens by using information technology, the electronic government has provided the basis for increasing the participation of citizens in government decisions. And when the citizens are aware of the government's decisions, then the government will be accountable to the citizens for its actions.

The Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) published by Transparency International over recent years sheds light on Iran's unfavorable ranking. The present research develops an Electronic government (e-Government) model that emphasizes countering corruption in Iran. It prioritizes the critical parameters in countering corruption to establish the comprehensive structure of e-Government. Thus, this study is developmental and applied in terms of its goals. It draws on the Exploratory sequential mixed methodology and follows a descriptive correlational research design. The statistical population in the qualitative section consists of experts, whereas the quantitative part studies the relevant staff and university professors. The qualitative phase relies on judgment sampling, with the quantitative phase utilizing cluster sampling and semi-structured interviews. The quantitative and fuzzy Delphi phase employs questionnaires with closed-ended questions. Reliability was calculated through the retest reliability method and was verified using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Theme analysis and the Fuzzy Delphi method were used to analyze the data. Findings suggest that Information Technology (IT), network accessibility, regulations, C2G, B2G, and G2G services, and human capital constitute critical priorities in establishing an e-Government to counter corruption.

Islamic governance Cyberspace is a style of governance in which rulers organize and manage the public affairs of society by considering Islamic principles. The cyberspace revolution that took place after the agricultural, industrial, and information revolutions, which affected governments, is the main reason for addressing this issue in governance. In the meantime, the rulers have important functions such as e-government and cyberspace security to manage the public affairs of the society and cyberspace. In this regard, the system of centralizing administrative affairs and services is one of the most important tasks of rulers. Its requirements are needs assessment, system design, bedding, operation and monitoring. In the field of monitoring and governing cyberspace, search and monitoring, correct and logical monitoring of information, proper and accurate design, content production, distribution of content in cyberspace and feedback is inevitable. In today's world and in the transition from various types of Western governments such as good government, transcendent Islamic government with religious components that meet the needs of human beings in the last days. In the second step of the Islamic Revolution, this method of governing has the capacity and capability of civilization.