رویکرد آمیخته

This article sought to design and validate a sustainable marketing model for the construction industry. It employed an applied-development research approach in terms of purpose and utilized a cross-sectional survey methodology for data collection. To achieve the research objectives, an exploratory mixed-methods design was implemented. The qualitative participants included managers from the Sustainable Building Council of Iran with purposeful sampling conducted until theoretical saturation was reached with 21 individuals. The quantitative sample comprised experts in the construction industry estimated at 145 based on effect size and power analysis. Simple random sampling was used to gather the necessary data. Data collection involved both interviews and questionnaires. The foundational categories of sustainable marketing were identified through grounded theory and the final model was validated using Partial Least Squares (PLS) analysis. Qualitative data were analyzed with Maxqda software, while the quantitative data were processed using Smart PLS. The findings indicated that causal conditions—including organizational, customer, and environmental factors—significantly influenced the core phenomenon of sustainable marketing according to the paradigmatic model of the research. This core component, alongside contextual factors, such as sustainability infrastructure within the construction industry, established a necessary foundation. Additionally, intervening conditions like corporate social responsibility and uncertainty in the construction sector impacted the strategic model of sustainability marketing strategies. Ultimately, these strategies contributed to achieving environmental, economic, and social sustainability.

For more than a decade, major airports have been transitioning from a simple environment with air infrastructure for passengers and cargo to a diverse city with an airport at its center along with commercial developments and people's activities. Airports with this type of structure are called airport cities. The statistical population of this research in the qualitative section includes managers, professors, and experts who have had a noteworthy scientific or practical effect in the field of organizational entrepreneurship model. Therefore, in the qualitative phase, seventeen experts were present in the interview and formed the statistical sample of this section. The basic tool of data collection in the qualitative phase of the research was a semi-structured interview using the protocol, and in the quantitative part, the statistical population consisted of business managers of airport towns. And in a small part, the statistical population includes business managers of airport settlements. The researcher analyzed the results of the qualitative research and coding, including entrepreneurial leadership, human resources capabilities, new social needs, organization culture and values, organization mission and organizational structure, innovation, intelligent risk-taking, strategic renewal, enabling policies and entrepreneur-oriented talent management, economic-social environment, excellence of human resources, improvement of organization performance and social value creation

Minimalism, by challenging the culture of extreme consumerism that has spread rapidly today and has left undesirable consequences in society, helps people to focus on reducing excessive consumption and improving the quality of life without indulging in consumerism. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of identifying and analyzing the reasons and consequences of consumer minimalism behavior. The present study is applied in terms of its purpose, and is classified as exploratory research in terms of collecting data. Furthermore, this is a mixed qualitative and quantitative research based on the inductive deductive philosophy. The statistical population of the study consists of experts who were selected using purposive sampling and based on the principle of theoretical adequacy. The data collection tool in the qualitative part is interview, the validity and reliability of which was confirmed using relative content validity and the method of intra-coder and inter-coder reliability. Also, the data collection tool in the quantitative part is a questionnaire, the validity and reliability of which was confirmed using content validity and test-retest reliability. Qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis and quantitative data using fuzzy cognitive map. The results of the study indicate that adherence to a culture of simplicity, condemnation of epicurean and hedonistic thoughts, and a culture of thrift and avoidance of extravagance are the most important reasons for consumer minimalism behavior. Also, de-cluttering and emotional and mental integration, escaping the cycle of consumerism, and avoiding the phenomenon of affluenza and social comparison were identified as the most important consequences of consumer minimalism behavior.

In recent years, Health tourism has been ever-increasing expansion, so in some countries of the world, it has become a strategic issue to increase the prestige of that country, develop new related technologies, attract investment, and attract tourists from different countries of the world. The increasing importance of health tourism has made governments interested in using and benefiting from the economic benefits of this industry, and this has led to increasing competition of countries to attract health tourists among countries. Iran also has excellent potential and actual capacities to expand the health tourism industry in the region and even the world. Low treatment costs and experienced medical doctors are among the actual existing capacities and the existences of original tourism areas such as Kish Island are among the potential capacities in this field. The purpose of this research is to identify and evaluate the strategic factors affecting the development of health tourism in Kish Island as a hub for providing various types of tourism services in Iran.

This research was done using a mixed exploratory method. The statistical population in the qualitative section consisted of 15 health experts who were selected by purposeful and snowball sampling. In the quantitative part, the findings were evaluated by 158 health experts. In conducting the analysis of the data in the qualitative part of our research, we utilized the thematic analysis method in three general stages. Meanwhile, in the quantitative part, we used factor analysis and structural equations for evaluation purposes. The research findings were classified into three levels of open, central, and selective coding, with the necessary evaluations carried out to ensure the validity of the obtained results.

The results led to the identification of 144 basic themes. These basic themes were categorized into five strategic areas, including the capacity of Kish Island, economic factors, infrastructural factors, organizational and legal factors, and finally cultural factors. These strategic factors were classified into three main categories including causal factors (capacity of Kish Island, economic factors, infrastructure factors), contextual factors (organizational and legal factors), and intervening factors (cultural factors). In terms of the capacity of Kish Island, economic factors and infrastructure factors, among the identified factors, seven factors of natural attractions and pristine beaches, low tourism costs, unique recreational places, the geographical and strategic location of the island, existence of favorable tourism infrastructure, the existence of well-equipped hotels with high reception capacity, the existence of numerous flight and transportation lines, no need for visas for foreign Iranians, and access to international waterways were approved by experts. In terms of economic factors, among the identified factors, six factors are government support and financial support for the development of health tourism, reforming the banking system and supporting the country's banking system for the development of the health tourism industry, insurance facilities for foreign tourists, lifting sanctions and expanding communications, foreign facilities and encouraging companies investing in health tourism and tax exemption for the development of health tourism activities were approved. In terms of cultural factors, factors of ensuring the social security of tourists, setting up health tourism agencies in public places (airports, embassies, medical centers, etc.), extensive advertising at the national and international level to introduce the opportunities of Kish Island in the field of health tourism, inviting representatives of other countries to visit the island and introduce health tourism development opportunities, advertisements using well-known and famous people from abroad, detailed and documented planning in line with the development of marketing in the target countries, preparing investment packages for investors and getting to know them with investment opportunities, a platform for dialogue with private companies through specialized platforms and virtual networks, meetings and collaboration with domestic and foreign experts and officials in line with the development of the health tourism industry were approved. In terms of organizational and legal factors using the capacity of the private sector to develop health tourism, developing private sector partnerships to improve the health tourism industry based on soft technologies, formation of expert planning team for advertising and marketing purposes, detailed plans for the development of the island's health tourism industry, determining the needs of health tourism users and prioritizing them, cooperation between health ministry organizations and embassies to develop the health tourism industry, consensus and integrity in the decisions of organizations in the field of health tourism, establishing laws approved by the Ministry of Health and the Parliament, removing cumbersome laws in the field of health tourism, Simplifying and clarifying the laws established to attract foreign tourists, facilitating the issuance of tourist visas and amending the laws governing the society and removing legal restrictions for foreign tourists were approved. In terms of infrastructure, six factors providing up-to-date and diverse services and equipment in hospitals and medical centers, equipping hospitals and hotels for the recovery period of foreign patients, taking advantage of the experiences of first-tier countries in the direction of health tourism development, using of nurses with experience working abroad, acquaintance of health tourism industry personnel with the culture and language of different countries and creating infrastructure for accommodation of non-resident doctors were approved.

In various domestic and foreign research, one or more effective factors in the formation and development of the health tourism industry have been mentioned. However in this comprehensive research, the results show a wide range of seemingly unrelated factors that should be taken into consideration by the stakeholders due to the special sensitivity of health tourism, especially by tourists who consider their health as their most important asset. It is necessary to adopt the necessary approach based on the identified effective strategic factors for the development of health tourism from the officials and managers of the country and Kish Island to tourism agencies and doctors.

The mental image of customers of a store plays very important consequences in the survival and competitive advantage of these businesses. The present study also aimed to design and validate the model of customers' mental image of the store with a mixed exploratory approach in the Hyperstar store in Tehran. This research is applied-developmental in terms of purpose, and in terms of its nature and form of implementation, it was done in a descriptive-survey manner. The statistical population of this research includes theoretical experts (professors of marketing management) and experimental experts (managers of Hyperstar stores in Tehran) and customers of Hyperstar stores in Tehran. Sampling was done using theoretical sampling method and finally theoretical saturation was achieved with 10 people. Then the researcher-made questionnaire was randomly distributed among 384 customers. The data collection tools are semi-structured interviews and questionnaires. In order to analyze the expert interviews, the grounded theory method and MaxQDA software were used. Validation of Nair model was done by partial least squares method and SMART PLS software. Based on the research paradigm model, customer experience management, co-creation of value with the customer and customer orientation are the underlying factors affecting the customers' mental image of the store. This mental image affects the branding strategy and internal branding of the store. Of course, it should be kept in mind that the store's social responsibility plays an intervening role in this regard, and the store's marketing mix also provides background conditions. Through branding strategy and internal branding, behavioral consequences such as customer satisfaction, loyalty and trust can be achieved.

Recently, value networks are one of the new approaches to success in the fields of business management. The purpose of this research is to identify the factors affecting the value network of renewable energy and its consequences in the consumption sector of the industry in the country and to design its model using a mixed method.

This research is exploratory in nature and developmental in terms of purpose and has an inductive approach. The method of conducting this research, which is carried out with a mixed approach and is carried out in two qualitative and quantitative parts, in the qualitative part is used, and in the quantitative part, inferential statistics and structural equation modeling and partial least squares approach are used for model . To collect qualitative data from semi-structured and in-depth interviews with 24 experts in the field of industry and renewable energy, non-probability snowball method was used and in a small part of the available non-probability sampling, according to the calculations of G Power software, the number 317 samples (persons) of industry and renewable energy activists have been used. In this research, it has been done with the main purpose of presenting and testing the renewable energy value network model in the consumer sector of the industry.

The results of the research showed that focusing on value creation through value creation strategies based on cooperation can help decision-making managers in renewable energy management areas to achieve their strategic goals

The current research was conducted with the aim of providing a model of return on investment in the training of employees in the petrochemical industry. This research was based on an empiricist philosophy, fundamental from the goal point of view, and with a deductive-inductive approach with a mixed research method. The research data in the qualitative part was collected through interviews with 17 management professors (theoretical experts) and managers of the petrochemical industry (experimental experts) who were selected by purposive sampling. Also, the indicators identified by fuzzy Delphi method with the participation of qualitative department experts were validated and prioritized by fuzzy Swara method. Finally, the final research model was presented. To achieve the objectives of the research, by analyzing the interviews with experts, a set of useful indicators of return on investment in employee training was identified. The main categories of this research are indicators of return on investment in employee training, grouped in the form of eight main categories: organizational infrastructure, strategic alignment, training and development of human resources, incompatibility of human resources, employee empowerment, process-oriented strategy, return on investment to Company, and gain competitive advantage. The findings have shown that training and development of human resources is an underlying variable that affects the empowerment of employees and process-oriented strategy. In the meantime, it is important to strengthen the organizational infrastructure and create strategic alignment to achieve return on investment in employee training. By implementing the mentioned items, the return of capital to the company and gaining a competitive advantage will be achieved. The ranking of indicators of return on investment in employee training with the Swara Fazi method showed that the support factors of senior management, informing employees of the results of training goals, continuous training with wide applications are of the highest importance.

The present research was conducted with the aim of identifying and ranking the consequences of deviant behaviors in the workplace.

The current research is a mixed (qualitative-quantitative) research in terms of practical purpose and method. The statistical population of the research in the qualitative part is 16 experts, and in the quantitative part, the statistical population consists of the staff and professors of Isfahan Azad University (Khorasgan), whose number is 660. According to Cochran's formula, the sample size was 445 people. Sampling method in this research, strata were selected according to the volume. The consequences of deviant behaviors in the workplace have been identified first in the qualitative part with the Delphi technique, then in the quantitative part it has been modeled and ranked with the structural equation technique and confirmatory factor analysis.

Three consequences of deviant behaviors were identified, in order of priority, they are: organizational consequences, individual consequences, group consequences.

The presence of deviant behaviors in the workplace may impose a lot of costs on the university, and if solutions are identified to eliminate such behaviors, one can hope for health, productivity and creativity throughout the university.

Employee discipline is one of the important and long-standing concepts in management, which has even continued in postmodern management approaches. The current article aimed to identify the components of the disciplinary behavior of the academic staff members using a mixed research methodology.

To identify the components and indicators of disciplinary behavior, we used meta-composition technique (study of documents) in the first stage, and in the second stage, we applied the fuzzy Delphi method with expert participants, some of whom with theoretical experience and some with practical experience. Then, from among them, twenty-five individuals were purposefully selected. Finally, for prioritizing and weighting the components and indicators of disciplinary behavior acquired from the five universities under study (Tehran, Zanjan, Yazd, Tabriz, and Ardabil universities), the Waspas and Critic methods were used in a row.

The outcomes of the first and second stages of statistical computation have led to seven components of disciplinary behavior including: types of discipline, factors affecting disciplinary behavior, types of violations, disciplinary procedures, types of punishment, consequences of discipline, antecedents of discipline and disciplinary knowledge, all in all with 37 indicators.  Finally, we are presenting the priority list of the five universities as follows:  Tehran University, Zanjan University, Yazd University, Tabriz University, and Ardabil University.

the present research was conducted with the aim of investigating the roles of managers of public and private companies with an emphasis on improving performance. In terms of purpose, this research is applied-developmental, which was done in a mixed way. In this regard, to identify the roles, an exploratory qualitative method was used using semi-structured interviews, and for data analysis, the foundational data theory method was used, and MaxQDA software was used for initial coding. Is. The statistical population of the interview included managers working in private and public companies in Tehran. Sampling is of the snowball type and the sample size has been investigated to the limit of theoretical saturation; Therefore, after interviewing 26 people, the answers reached theoretical saturation. In the quantitative part the research is of a descriptive-correlation type, which was conducted using a questionnaire tool and analyzed with the structural equation modeling method and Lisrel and SPSS software. The statistical sample in this section is 200 people for each of the public and private companies, which were selected using the available sampling method and the data was collected in the summer of 2022. The findings of the research indicate that managers in private companies have 16 main roles and in public companies they have 15 main roles, such as providing exploitative innovation, providing exploratory innovation, etc. are that these roles differ from each other only in one case, including the ability to form a coalition, which is specific to the managers of private companies.

 The suffering and pain caused by toxic behaviors has permeated not only human life but also organizational life. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to provide a model of toxic behavior of employees in the public sector.

 This research is basic in terms of purpose and mixed (qualitative-quantitative) in terms of method. In the qualitative phase of the research, a semi-structured interview was conducted through the foundation's data theory, and for this purpose, 13 people were selected purposefully and snowballed from experts and management experts in the public sector. And in the quantitative part, the validity and evaluation of the research model was evaluated through the model indicators in PLS software version 3. For this purpose, using a questionnaire and through multi-stage cluster sampling, 385 employees of government organizations were evaluated. Selection and questionnaire will be distributed among them and opinions will be asked.

 Based on the results of the research and data analysis, open coding, central coding, and selective coding were done in three stages, and then based on the foundation theory model (causal factors, main phenomenon, intervening conditions, contextual conditions, strategies and Results) The target model was developed. And based on the findings of structural equation modeling, the results showed that the measurement model has validity (divergent and convergent), reliability (Cronbach's alpha, shared and combined reliability) and appropriate quality. Also, the assumptions were confirmed in the structural model.

 The model of this research, in addition to enriching the literature on the toxic behavior of employees, can help managers of government organizations in planning to identify and screen contaminated behaviors and achieve organizational health, and in the face of such deadly behaviors from employees, positive leadership and adopt a reasonable.

Nation branding is a suitable model recommended by international organizations for export development in the third millennium. An important part of the exports of countries in the world are industrial products. In this regard, due to the importance of this issue for the country, this study was conducted with the aim of providing a model for promoting the nation brand in the field of exporting goods and industrial services. The current research is an applied-developmental research in terms of its purpose, and it is considered a cross-sectional survey research from the point of view of the method of data collection. The community of participants in the qualitative section includes senior managers and entrepreneurs in the fields of branding, industry, export and trade, who have sufficient experience in the aforementioned fields. Sampling was done with a targeted method and theoretical saturation was achieved with 11 interviews. Research findings showed that a national macro-policy and export-oriented culture are the main parameters affecting the national brand. The communication infrastructure in the country provides the necessary platform and the challenges of export sanctions play the role of an interventionist. Finally, the use of relevant strategies to improve the export of industrial goods and services leads to the promotion of the national brand. The central phenomenon including (international branding) also affects the strategies in the field of export of goods and industrial services. Finally, it was found that the strategies of the model lead to a certain result (improvement of the national brand).

This research was conducted with the aim of designing and explaining the model of consumer personality traits based on the impulse buying approach.

Research design/methodology/approach:

 The methodology of the current research was descriptive-exploratory with a mixed approach (sequential type, qualitative-quantitative). The steps include: conducting interviews with women with impulse buying experience and data analysis using the theme analysis method to form the model and then testing and validating the model to identify the final pattern. The participants of the research in the qualitative part were the women of 2 neighboring countries of the Persian Gulf along with 2 southern provinces of Iran, whose impulsiveness in using cosmetics was proven by using RFM and Barratt (1994) tests. In the quantitative part, the statistical population includes all women who use a lot of cosmetics in 3 countries on the edge of the Persian Gulf and women in the southern provinces of Iran. Also, the qualitative analysis of the data obtained from the interviews in the upcoming research was done using the theme analysis method and quantitative data analysis using SPSS and SmartPLS 3 software and at a significance level of 5%.

The findings showed that the research conceptual model includes the variables: feeling the need to buy, tendency to buy impulsively, impulsive buying behavior, consequences, memorization and shopping saturation that this model was tested in the quantitative section and the findings showed at the 95% confidence level, except for one path, all the paths of the model are approved and meaningful.

This research aimed to design and validate a model of long-term buyer-seller relationships in free trade zones. From an applied and developmental perspective, this was a cross-sectional survey study. To achieve the objective, an exploratory mixed method was utilized.  The qualitative phase involved interviews with 17 experts and senior managers from free trade zones, as well as marketing professors. Sampling continued until theoretical saturation. In the quantitative phase, the survey data were collected from 288 free-trade-zone experts with the sample size determined by effect size and statistical power considerations. A cluster random sampling approach was employed as well. Data collection tools included semi-structured interviews and a researcher-developed questionnaire. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis, Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM), and Partial Least Squares (PLS) techniques. The results indicated that governmental, managerial, environmental, and structural factors influenced Relationship Marketing (RM) and Marketing Strategy (MS) in free trade zones. In turn, RM and MS affected Customer Orientation (CO), Relationship Personalization (RP), and Co-Creation Value (CCV), ultimately leading to long-term buyer-seller relationships.

Accounting information system is an important and reliable source for financial and business decisions.The present study was conducted with the aim of analyzing the consequences of accounting information systems on the performance of managers with a mixed approach in Ansar Bank.The statistical population of the research consists of managers and experts who were selected as a sample using the purposeful sampling method and according to the principle of theoretical adequacy.The data collection tool in the qualitative part is a semi-structured interview, whose validity and reliability were confirmed using content validity and intra-coder and inter-coder reliability, respectively.Also, the data collection tool in the quantitative section is Delphi questionnaire, whose validity was confirmed using content validity and its reliability was confirmed using inconsistency rate.It should be mentioned in the qualitative section for data analysis from the coding approach and the Atlas software.T was used and the consequences of accounting information systems on the performance of managers were identified.In the quantitative part, the fuzzy Delphi approach was used to determine the importance and priority of the aforementioned outcomes.The results indicate that improving the quality of decisions, quick and appropriate response, increasing the speed of action, increasing productivity, increasing the competitiveness of the organization, reducing errors and mistakes, and correct and appropriate planning are the most important consequences of information systems.Accounting is on the efficiency of managers' performance.

The present research was conducted to provide a compensation model for faculty members in public universities of Lorestan province using a mixed approach.

The present research is a combination of qualitative and quantitative researches from the perspective of philosophical assumptions in the field of pragmatism paradigm and in terms of purpose it is applied- developmental researchers. The statistical population of the research includes public universities of Lorestan provinces. Based on the principle of theoretical adequacy, the research sample consists of 30 experts from the public universities of Lorestan province, who were selected using the purposeful sampling method. In the qualitative part of the research, data was collected and extracted using the thematic analysis method and then through coding. Then, in the quantitative part of the research, the data is presented using the distribution of the questionnaire and using the method of structural-interpretive modeling, aggregation, and the final model.

The research findings in the qualitative section include identifying the themes of compensation such as situational characteristics of compensation, dimensions of compensation, indicators of compensation, and consequences of compensation. Also, the findings of the research in the quantitative part show the leveling of the themes and the presentation of the compensation model. 

Based on the discovered model of job satisfaction, organizational justice, job belonging and organizational commitment with high effectiveness, individual and environmental indicators with high impact, talent attraction and retention, job environment, geographic factors, job sensitivity, outstanding performance, competent performance, organizational index, job index, basic pay, performance pay, and indirect pay are highly effective. Also, the result of the research can be theoreticallytheoretically added to the existing knowledge in the field of compensation.

Taking advantages of the oppurtunities that financial technology has created for new ventures require a new approach of entrepreneurial leadership. In this regard, the aim of this study is designing entrepreneurial leadership model in financial technology (FinTech) sector. The present study is an applied research that is conducred with mixed method approach. The strategy of qualitative part of research is content analysis and also quantitative part is survey and correlation. The statistical population of qualitative section includes 14 experts in the field of study. In quantitative section the views of 159 executives in FinTech have been used. The data collection tools are semi-structured interview in qualitative part and questionnaire in the quantitative part. For analyzing data in qualitative part the process of coding and summarizing was performed, and in quantitative part structural interpretive modeling (ISM) and partial least squares techniques have been used. The results show that cultural and social changes along with personality traits of entrepreneurial leaders are underlying factors in the model. These factors influence technological changes and the support of regulators, and in turn improve the managerial and knowledge capabilities of leaders. In this way, leadership and entrepreneurial skills are expected to improve simultaneously. Therefore, the achievement of innovative, technical and financial performance goals will be realized.

This article is aimed at designing and validating a model for overcoming the challenges of virtual education in the post-corona era. This cross-sectional study in terms of purpose is exploratory, in terms of audience is basic and in terms of approach is a mixed research. The participants in the qualitative section was made up of 20 Tehran’s  educational managers and experts at the first secondary level. After interviewing 17 persons who have been selected purposefully we reached theoretical saturation. The statistical population in the quantitative section consists of teachers of the first secondary level at Tehran in the academic year of 1400-1401. The sample size was estimated to be 384 teachers, selected via Cochran's formula and cluster-random method. The data collection tools were semi-structured interviews in the qualitative phase and researcher-made questionnaires, which were validated by construct validity, convergent validity and divergent validity methods. Using Cronbach's alpha and composite reliability, the reliability of the questionnaire was also evaluated. In order to t identify the dimensions and components of the research, we used thematic analysis and for finding   the relationships of the elements we used the structural-interpretive modeling method and for validating the research model we applied the partial least squares method. The results of the research showed that the infrastructure of human resources and technology ,and the rules of virtual education provide a context for the culturalization of virtual education. Cultivation of virtual education has led to the digital skills of teachers and the monitoring system of virtual education, and these factors also lead to the participation of students. Students' participation is related to the performance evaluation system of virtual education and the creation of a teaching-learning environment, and at  the end, the development of virtual education can be achieved through the efficiency of the educational system and the repair of students' learning gaps.

The aim of this study is to provide a model for sourcing in the supply chain of the poultry industry. The research in terms of audience is basic, in terms of purpose is descriptive and from the time perspective is cross sectional. The research approach is mixed (qualitative and quantitative). The collecting data in the qualitative part was semi-structured interviews and in the quantitative part was Delphi questionnaire and Likert scale. The statistical population in the qualitative and Delphi section included  12 managers of the poultry industry who were selected by purposive sampling. The statistical population of the quantitative part of the research were the middle managers and senior experts of poultry industry. We used Cochran’s formula   and selected 384 persons by simple random method. We used a thematic analysis for collecting data and MAXQDa software for analyzing interviews.  In the quantitative part, the partial least squares method were utilized using Smart PLS software to validate the model. The research findings showed that the enablers of sourcing and supply chain management affect the mechanism of cooperation, selection and evaluation of supply sources. These structures in turn affect the sourcing strategy of the supply chain and the sourcing strategy also affects the quality, price, environmental and delivery performances. These structures, by affecting risk management in sourcing, ultimately improve sourcing in the poultry industry.