صنایع کوچک و متوسط

One of the new approaches to development is the development model of industrial clusters, which has an effective role in product innovation and competitiveness, and the changing needs and demands of customers, the rapid evolution of technology, increasing competition in the market, and increasing economic prosperity have caused companies in various industries to innovate and provide new products with increasing speed, efficiency and quality. Therefore, the current research was conducted with the aim of identifying and prioritizing factors affecting the development of industrial clusters with a sustainable development approach in Sistan and Baluchistan province. The research method is applied according to the purpose, and mixed (qualitative-quantitative) with an exploratory approach, according to the type of data; In this way, by using the meta-combination method in the field of industrial cluster development, research indicators were identified, the identified factors and components were weighed with the opinion of experts and based on the Fuzzy Hierarchy Analysis Process (FAHP) model, the factors were analyzed and combined, and Finally, prioritization was done. The statistical community in the qualitative part of the research included 17 experts and managers expert in production, who were selected non-probably and judgmentally, and the required information was collected from them using the Delphi method. In the following, in line with the validation of the research model, a research questionnaire was designed distributed among 116 sample members including managers, experts, and agencies active in the industry, and university faculty members in Sistan and Baluchistan province, who were randomly selected by stratified method. In order to analyze the data, the Fuzzy Hierarchy Analysis Model (FAHP) was used, and finally, the findings of the research showed that the most was the development of industrial clusters with a knowledge-based approach. The criterion of strategies and the two criteria of resources and superstructures are prioritized as the next important components.

Export and its improvement for small and medium enterprises is an important and central issue as a tool to achieve the desired economic growth and sustainable development. One of the success levers of these industries is entrepreneurial export, in this regard, due to the importance of human resources, it is vital to formulate a career path that fits this issue, and the absence of it, these organizations suffer a significant decrease in exports. In this regard, this research was carried out with the aim of developing a model for improving the export of entrepreneurs in small and medium industries in Iran with the approach of developing a career path in Iran. This research was carried out using a mixed method (qualitative-quantitative) that extracted 21 components of the desired model in the qualitative part and using content analysis, interviews with 21 experts, and determining the relationship between indicators to achieve the model in the quantitative part. It was done by relying on the Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) method. The qualitative and quantitative data analysis of the research resulted in an eight-level model, the most effective component of this model being the eighth level of job prospects, and the most effective components were the ability to sell an idea or product and a strong understanding of the conditions of the exporting entrepreneur's organization.

Financing is one of the important issues that every industry faces in some way. Therefore, in order to maximize the wealth of shareholders, one of the decisions of the managers of small and medium sized industrial units is the decisions related to financing. Hence, the purpose of this research was to design a financing model for small and medium sized industries in Iran in order to improve productivity management. Since this research had a qualitative approach, the grounded theory method was used as a research method. The data was collected through in-depth and open interviews with 20 academic and industry experts, which was then coded and validated. The extracted codes included 411 concepts (open codes) and 20 main categories. Based on the systematic approach of foundational data theory, the identified codes were classified into six categories, including " central phenomenon, causal conditions, background conditions, intervening conditions, strategies and consequences". The results obtained from the interviews show that the central phenomenon of "financing" includes "drafting of financial plans during the financing process", "financial monitoring and evaluation during the financing process" and the categories of "development of operational activities", "developments of company's finances" and "company's environmental causes" as causal conditions have an effect on the categories of the central phenomenon. The foundational categories as necessary background conditions for the realization of financing in small and medium sized industries include: "financial accounting standards", "standardized financial statements", "company’s financial affairs management", "financing institutions", and "company's general management". Meanwhile, some categories act as interfering conditions in realizing financing in small and medium sized industries including: "macro environmental interventions", "internal company interventions" and "prerequisites for realizing financing" which are both background and intervention conditions. They can influence the presented strategies. These strategies include: "corporate discipline", "analysis and monitoring of the prevailing situation in the company", "actions and classification of matters for financing" and "using auxiliary levers" which are the necessary strategies in the implementation of financing in small and medium sized industries. If the central phenomenon is realized, the categories of "business excellence", organization of financial flows" and "economic development" can be expected as the resulting consequences.

The purpose of this research is to design an agile value creation model in Small and Medium Sized Enterprises in Iran. The results obtained from the interviews show that the central phenomenon of "agile value creation" includes "dynamics of supply chain management", "dynamic adaptability to the environment" and "dynamic strategies of human resources" which categories "Fusion of technology-oriented industries", "agile heart of the market" and "various values of customers" are the causal conditions. The basic conditions necessary for the realization of agile value creation in Small and Medium Sized Enterprises include: "managing the diversity of human resources characteristics", "organizational construction management", "intelligent marketing research" and "continuous adaptation of laws to market developments". be Intervening conditions in the realization of agile value creation in Small and Medium Sized Enterprises include: "human resources performance management dashboard", "intelligent management of organizational sustainability" and "diversifying nature of the market environment", which both background and intervention conditions They can have an impact on the presented strategies. These strategies include: "intelligence of the main processes of the chain", "agile empowerment of human resources", "intelligence of organizational transformation programs" and "continuous synchronization with the market" which strategy are necessary in the implementation of agile value creation in Small and Medium Sized Enterprises. If the central phenomenon is realized, we can expect the categories of "intelligence of productivity in business" and "agile visualization of the business brand" as the resulting consequences.

Small, medium and high-yield industries in the direction of strengthening production and employment, especially to maintain and strengthen the country's economic strength in difficult economic conditions; they play a very important role. Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) is a topic for small and medium industries in developing economies. In this regard, the research focuses on the backgrounds that support the implementation of GHRM practices in small and medium industries. In this study, an extensive literature review was organized to provide background for the implementation of GHRM practices. Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) examines the interactions between identified components. In addition, cross-matrix analysis (MICMAC) was performed to determine the driving power of each component. By reviewing previous research, related texts and experts' opinions, 19 effective components related to green human resource management in relation to small and medium industries in Tehran province were identified. The statistical population of this article was the experts and craftsmen who dominated the research topic, and finally 15 experts and industrial experts collaborated to identify and analyze the factors. The results of structural and interpretive modeling show that the trade union is considered as one of the main stakeholders in environmental management and the main foundation of the model and has high leadership power and low intensity of dependence that must be used for green human resource management. Be emphasized first. The other 18 components, which are in the category of connected components, also have high conductivity and dependence and can affect other components. This model helps managers understand the impact of each component on each other before implementing GHRM practices in small and medium-sized industries.IntroductionIn order to maintain environmental sustainability, the recent trend of companies has been to focus on greening their businesses; for this reason, the philosophy of green human resources has been added to the mission statement of organizations as another critical responsibility of human resource management. Although green human resources are still in their infancy, the increasing awareness of organizations about the importance of green issues has forced them to adopt environmentally friendly human resource practices with a particular focus on waste management, recycling, carbon footprint reduction, and the use and production of green products. It is clear that most employees feel more responsible towards the environment and show more commitment and job satisfaction towards an organization that is always ready to be "green". The effects of HRM practices are multifaceted and require continuous monitoring to discern their potential impact on HRM issues. For this reason, the current research was conducted to identify and evaluate the effective factors of green human resource management in small and medium industries of Tehran province by applying the combined ISM approach. Environmental issues of small and medium industries are considered essential factors for the development of these industries. On the other hand, their activities can lead to environmental problems such as; Gas, liquid, and solid waste pollution.Materials and MethodsThe present study is applied in terms of its purpose and descriptive survey in terms of its nature and method. Regarding collecting research data, the factors and components affecting green human resources management were first identified and extracted by an in-depth literature review and study. The experts of small and medium industries of Tehran form the statistical population of this part of the research. The selection criteria of experts are theoretical mastery, practical experience, willingness and ability to participate in research and access, and 15 of these people with at least a master's degree having at least ten years of management experience in the field of human resources, having enough time to be justified about The nature of research and questionnaire completion techniques; They were chosen by judgment. Experts' opinions regarding verifying factors and components affecting green human resources management have been obtained through the Delphi method. The second data analysis stage is based on the ISM technique to examine and analyze the relationships between the green human resource management indicators confirmed in the previous stage.Discussion and ResultsAccording to the ISM model, the green human resources model consists of 6 levels. The first level and the 6th level are the most effective levels. As one of the main beneficiaries of environmental management, the index of the trade union took the first level position, and the index of strengthening the green empowerment of people took the sixth level position (both of these components are related to the dimension of green participation). According to the results of MICMAC analysis, the index of recognizing the joint role in environmental management between employees, management, and labor unions and the index of the labor union as one of the primary beneficiaries of environmental management are independent variables, with low dependence and high direction. The index of strengthening people's green empowerment is also a dependent variable with strong dependence and weak guidance. This variable has a strong influence and little influence on the system. The main characteristics of these variables are the rest of the indicators of interface type, high dependence, and high guiding power.ConclusionsThe results indicated that the trade union and strengthening the green ability of employees have a prominent role in greening human resource management; the development of valuable environmental programs depends on the amount of response that employees receive about a specific environmental issue. People's participation in organizational green projects leads to better environmental management, efficient use of resources, and reduced waste in the organization. Therefore, it is suggested that Tehran's small and medium industries participate as much as possible in the trade unions in strategic decisions related to environmental activities and benefit from their valuable suggestions. Because trade unions, relying on the role of leadership in directing the behavior of employees, can encourage them to internalize organizational values and use these values to guide their behavior in the workplace. Discovering talents and skills in the employees of a company is an important beginning to strengthening their abilities. Moreover, one of the ways to implement this issue is to involve employees in decisions related to Design, production, packaging, distribution, and support appropriate to the environment.

The aim of this study is to identify the factors and provide a pattern that can lead to successful investment in small and medium industries and show a way for industrial entrepreneurs to enter this important economic field with more awareness. This research is a qualitative research based on interviews with 15 industrial experts in the public and private sectors. After conducting interviews and initial coding using content analysis, out of 215 initial codes, 5 main categories of specific research Using the structural-interpretive modeling (ISM) approach, these categories were classified at different levels and the relationships between them were revealed. The results showed that 5 general groups of factors including: managerial factors, entrepreneur-related factors, production-related factors, market factors and environmental factors are involved in the success of small and medium industries, which according to the entrepreneur-related factors research model in the lowest Surface is in fact the cornerstone of the model and environmental factors play an intermediate role between the three levels of the model. This research will help small and medium industry managers to think of better measures to reduce investment risk and pave the way for growth. Industrial and increase employment in the country smoother.

Today in Iran, events such as economic sanctions, inflation and unemployment have reduced the purchasing power of consumers and on the other hand, producers have faced problems in supplying raw materials and production costs. In this situation, small and medium industries need more attention than large industries, because these industries, despite their flexibility and job creation, need innovation to stay competitive. In this situation, frugal innovation can be appropriate, which also pays attention to sustainability and creating benefits for society. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is dynamic modelling of frugal innovation enablers in small and medium-sized home appliance manufacturers. First, by reviewing the literature, the enablers were identified and provided in a questionnaire to 200 industry experts. By exploratory factor analysis, the factor loads were determined and finally, dynamic modelling of variables was performed. According to the results, one of the most important enablers in frugal innovation is management support, which leads to the use of local capacities and the application of a modular approach in production and reduces the cost of access to factors of production. Investment in research and development will lead to the identification of cheaper raw materials, creative and safer designs, and attention to social and environmental issues will also contribute to the goals of this innovation.

Today, green issues and sustainable development have become an important and strategic issue for companies and organizations to remain in local and global competition due to increasing social, economic and legal pressures; To this end, organizations are always looking to use tools and methods that, in addition to achieving their goals, also support social and environmental goals. Green information technology is recognized as one of the key factors in achieving sustainable environmental development. The purpose of this article is to investigate the factors affecting the adoption of green information technology in small and medium industries in Kermanshah city. This study is a survey-descriptive in terms of applied purpose and in terms of research methods. The statistical population of the study consists of managers of small and medium industries in kermanshah city. a standard questionnaire was used to collect data from and Scoring based on the likert scale. Data analysis was performed in the form of structural equation modeling using Smart PLS3 software. The results of the study have been the direct effect of the factors studied in the research(senior management support, government support, economic drivers, environmental compliance drivers, business resources, corporate governance and technological resources) on the acceptance of green information technology.

The small and medium industries in the world are of great importance, the main reason being their flexibility and they can help in the industry of a country. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the improvement of economic productivity based on innovation, with emphasis on the role of mediating human resource development. The Present Research is a Survey in terms of Method and is applied in terms of Purpose. The sample size is 384 by the Cochran formula for unlimited statistical population and selected by simple random sampling method. The required data were collected by field method and by a researcher-made questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were tested using SPSS software and the research hypotheses test and the proposed model using SEM equations using partial least squares method (PLS). The results of the collected data indicate that innovation with a path coefficient of -55.8% affects on economic productivity and also the innovation variable with a path coefficient of 96.6% due to the human resource development variable on economic productivity Human resource development with a path coefficient of 147. 9% affects economic efficiency.

The aim of this study was to investigate the capability of value chain of industrial clusters and its ranking in Arak province. The ranking is based on the indicators and capabilities obtained using multi-criteria decision-making method. This research is descriptive and applied. Data were collected using experts' surveys and two questionnaires of pair comparisons and an index importance questionnaire for each industry and extracted data from statistical resources and official reports of relevant organizations. In this research, literature has been reviewed and then the indicators of industrial cluster formation have been studied. After interviewing the experts of flour, dairy, handmade carpets, agricultural equipment, poultry farming, handicrafts have been selected for prioritization. In data analysis, an ANP method, which is one of the multi-criteria decision-making methods, has been used to prioritize the mentioned industries for the formation of industrial clusters, and entropy method has been used to weigh the indicators in each industry. Super Decision software is used to solve multi-criteria decision-making model. Finally, industrial clusters of Golestan province were ranked as handmade carpet clusters, dairy clusters, poultry clusters, agricultural equipment clusters, flour clusters and handicraft clusters, respectively.

This study aims to tackle the distribution network of small and medium industries in the sohan industry to investigate the status of the sohan system distribution network, find the existing pathologies in the industry and provide solutions to improve the distribution network. In this research, by reviewing the theoretical bases of the distribution network and using the experts ' experiments, we identified the criteria of distribution network pathology. The statistical population of the study includes manufacturers, experts and activists of Sohan Industry Distribution Network in Qom, the total of the people who interviewed them was 9 people and complete a questionnaire of 17. Using the FARE method, we measured the criteria. In order to identify the damages in the industry, the importance-performance matrix was used. Findings from the research show that in the matrix analysis - the importance of performance among 25 indicators for the distribution of the sohan industry, six indicators of filing quality in the distribution network, the ability to deliver sohan in low volumes, flexibility in transport and inventory cost were considered in the first quarter of the importance - performance matrix which was considered as the damage in the sohan industry. Also by analyzing the data from the interview, using theme analysis method, some solutions have been proposed to improve the damage identified in the sohan distribution network.

Entrepreneurship in small and medium-sized industries has always been of great importance, as it will play a key role in the employment of a country as well as boost economic growth and increase GDP. The purpose of the present study is to examine the factors that can make entrepreneurship successful in small and medium-sized industries and to suggest a way for industrial entrepreneurs to become more aware of this important economic field. This research is a case study of industrial entrepreneurs in Iran who obtained initial permission to establish a factory (establishment permit) between 2011 and 2014 and some of them managed to exploit the factory (%100 physical progress) And some others have failed. The raw data of 4580 cases of investor licenses were examined. In order to determine existing and determinant patterns of entrepreneurship success, using data mining concepts. The information is pre-processed for subsequent analyzes and by reducing some of the variables that had less impact on the results. Finally through specialized analyzes using neural networks, Multilayer perceptron, Rough set algorithm and decision tree, best rules were extracted and the results were analyzed in detail. Based on the results, factors such as Industrial background, education related to the industry, and being native entrepreneur can play an important role in the success of this entrepreneurship.

Today, business and information technology are two integral parts, as it seems impossible to distinguish between the two in organizations. Information systems are new management tools that help organizations achieve their business goals. Therefore, communities and organizations, provided that they are able to develop knowledge in the field of information and communication technologies can hope for their development. To this end, organizations are planning to enter different digital arenas and evaluation of e-readiness for measuring their level of success is of particular importance. Determining the ability to accept, use and apply ICT and its related applications within and outside organizations is one of the issues that is important for organizations. In this research, we tried to present dimensions and components of the e-readiness to accept the e-commerce by investigating the existing models and considering the strengths and weaknesses of either of them. For this purpose, firstly, the proposed models for evaluating the e-readiness have been examined. Then, applying the multi-disciplinary method, a new classification of dimensions and components is presented. To determine the components, the Delphi panel has been developed and finalized by the experts and economists of the e-commerce field in four stages. Finally, the model developed for the small and medium sized industries of the industrial city of Shamsabad, Tehran, has been simulated through dynamic analysis. Key words: E-Readiness Assessment, E-Commerce, Dynamic Simulation, Small and Medium Sized Industries.

According to high importance of SME's for Countries economic growth, In today’s competitive world, the internationalization of these enterprise's is inevitable. Internationalization is a multi-dimensional Process and in each dimension, Companies adopt Strategies which is Compatible with that dimension. The combination of these strategies forms the comprehensive International strategy of the company. In this paper, using the Meta-synthesis approach, the dimensions of internationalization and sub-strategies of those dimensions were identified. Subsequently with semi-structured Interviews with experts, compatible Combination of strategies were identified. Using Analytical Hierarchy process the weight of each component of identified compounds compare to other components in the same Compound were Calculated and these compound were labeled. Identified Dimensions were: Competitive-functional Dimension, Strategic Orientation dimension, Entry mode Dimension and extension pattern dimension. Identified Compounds are: Thrifty Conservatives, Niche Differentiated, Growth-based Customer oriented and Technology-based aggressive. Small and medium enterprises can use compound which is compatible with their Internal and external conditions.

In today's modern world, small and medium industries have played an important role in the variables such as economic growth, competition, and the decrease of the unemployment crisis. In this paper, the purpose of compiling a structured interpretation model using the two methods of ISM and DEMATEL to examine the role variables affecting the promotion of small and medium enterprises' capabilities in Kurdistan have been discussed. Based on the review of articles, texts, related resources, and opinion polls through a questionnaire and comparative analysis of data, a total of 20 important and effective factors, related indicators for the promotion of dynamic capabilities were identified in the small and mid-sized industries. Analysis of the structural model showed that the policy variable, government rules and regulations act as an underlying factor of the model, and are categorized into independent variables with high conductivity and low dependency. To begin with the promotion of dynamic capabilities they should be emphasized in the first step. In the comparative analysis of the dynamic alternative model of industrialization, the most important factor was determined.

Clusters are suitable methods for creating competitive advantage, not only for enterprises of the same cluster, but for the country on which the clusters are based. In Iran, although more than 90% of the industries are small and medium-sized enterprises, unfortunately, these firms have not been able to make a significant contribution to the creation of added value and suffer from severe deficits. This paper intend to provide and examine a model for the development of industrial clusters and the effects of different policies applying system dynamic approach. The proposed conceptual model includes the interaction of cluster size, resources, staff, market demand, production capacity, profitability, and investment. Considered policies include firms' strategies such as increasing the utilization of production capacity, reducing lead time as well as national and international policies, including granting low-interest governmental loans, and sanctions cancellation. The results show that if the intended policies apply, the cluster get bigger and grow faster.

Nowadays, in most countries, Smalland Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) play important roles, ranging from the various aspects of economy, manufacturing and offering services. In many countries, these industries are the major suppliers of employment, evolution, innovation, and are pioneer in novel technology invention. Unfortunately, in Iran, despite a significant presence of small industries, such enterprises face numerous challenges because of the same approach in policy making and regardless of the scale of production units. Thus, playing of expected role like the developed and developing countries have been a failure. Therefore, the development of this sector of industry predisposes the endogenous development of the country and accelerates industrial growth. The industrial clusters are known as one of the successful organizing patterns of SMEs which eliminates the SMEs weaknesses and reinforces the various advantages of small business, like flexibility and diversification. Today, planning of the development of Smalland Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs), based on clustering approach, is considered as a method for achieving the developmental goals in many countries. Although industrial clusters have high potential for ongoing economic growth, the development is a difficult affair. However, it is normal that enterprises inside a cluster are influenced by evolutions; therefore in cluster developmental planning, the impacts of the factors should be considered; the determination of such factors is important because appropriate scenario can be launched and the better practice plans can be implemented, the existing potential in the cluster in favor of stakeholders interests can be effectively used, which will result to sustainable development. Therefore, the relationships between involved factors in the success of industrial clusters should be organized by suitable structure which will result in the creation of a coherence model of clear relationship of factors. This study presents a quantitative model for the development of industrial clusters. For this purpose, variables affecting the development of industrial clusters including cluster size, interaction of clusters with suppliers, staff, internal and external market demand, production capacity, training and research institutions are represented in a dynamic model. Then, the impacts of different policies on the development of industrial clusters that are vital to the industrial and national competitive advantage are examined. Therefore, the following objectives will be pursued: To provide a dynamic model of industrial clusters development. To examine the behavior of main variables in the model. To analyze decision-making scenarios using simulation of mentioned variables behavior.

In general, simulation is a process of designing a model based on a real system. The purpose of simulation is to provide models that are close to reality as much as possible. In systems dynamic method, it is possible to study and examine the effect of varying one agent while other factors are constant. Therefore, new perspectives are achieved toward system specifications.Doing so with real systems is rarely possible and even if carried out, it would be very costly and time consuming. Also, the effect of different policies on the system can be examined through the model and its sensitivity to internal and external changing conditions studied. For this purpose, by using decision variables and explanations presented in the previous section, the dynamic model for industrial clusters development was provided. This model will be able to study the behavior of reference modes and analyze the impact of different decisions on these variables. Hence, the present study can be applied to compare different policies of industrial clusters development.

To analyze a system, its components needs to be identified and their relationship with each other examined. This paper evaluated the impact of specific policies on cluster development, using system dynamic approach. According to the literature review, dynamic conceptual model of clusters includes cluster size, cluster interaction with supplier, number of skilled staffs, local workforce, market demand, production capacity, innovation, profitability and investments, expenses and incomes, loans and government support etc. Graphical representation of the problem helps in the conceptualization of policies structure; but the diagrams will be changed to mathematical equations for computer simulation. To do so, the stock-flow models are developed according to the literature review and the casual loop diagrams earlier presented. A strategy for development of industrial clusters can be formulated in the form of internal cluster policies: 1) increasing the efficiency of employees, 2) increasing advertising, 3) reducing prices and 4) increasing the quality and performance. By increasing the efficiency of employees, increasing advertising, reducing prices and increasing the quality and performance; the key variables of production capacity, skilled labor, cluster size, profitability, total demand, intermediate goods and competitive advantage, which are the main factors of the development of industrial clusters, upgrade to a higher level. Another desirable strategy to develop industrial cluster is optimal investment, as follows: 1) increasing investment in research and development activities; 2) increasing investment in production capacity (machinery). By increasing investment in research and development activities and increasing investment in production capacity; key variables such as production capacity, skilled labor, cluster size, profitability, total demand, intermediate goods and competitive advantage, which are the main factors for the development of industrial clusters, are upgraded to a higher level. The main goal of the present paper is to develop the competitive advantage of industrial clusters. Therefore, an optimal strategy for maintaining industrial cluster development is the following: 1) increasing the level of technology; 2) increasing the level of innovation; 3) increasing the level of business intelligence. By increasing in the level of technology, innovation and business intelligence, the key variables of production capacity, skilled labor, cluster size, profitability, total demand, intermediate goods and competitive advantage, which are the main factors for the development of industrial clusters, are upgraded and placed at a higher level.

In this study, system dynamic modeling was used to simulate various policies impact on the industrial clusters development. Here, some of the decisions were studied and analyzed as scenarios and acceptable results were obtained. Some of them are as follows: The model consists of 7 main variables. These variables include: the number of cluster firms (cluster size), the number of clerical professional labor force, production capacity, raw material stock, total demand, profitability and competitive advantage As a result, the model predicts the development of industrial clusters in 96 months or 8 years. The model of causal relations was developed for the development of industrial clusters. The fellow diagram was presented. Policies within the cluster, including changes in employee productivity, advertising, price and quality and performance, have a significant impact on the development of industrial clusters and will promote key variables. Investment policies on research and development activities and production capacity (machinery) can affect the development of industrial clusters and will promote key variables. Competitive advantage in addition to low cost, which leads to profitability, will be created by technology, business intelligence and innovation. The effects of competitive advantage will appear after a period of time, which will change the main variables after several months of competitive advantage changes.

Recently, Environmental issues are noteworthy as one of the upcoming challenges for developed and industrialized countries and in order to obtaining financial goals, more market shares via decreasing of environmental risk impact, Green Supply Chain Management has been introduced as a new approaches in organizations. Regarding to identification and ranking of barriers and obstacles green supply chain deployment in Small and Medium Enterprises of Qazvin state, current research has been done. Descriptive –Exploratory from survey type has been utilized as research method and from point of goal, it contains in applied researches based on Structural Equation Modeling . Statistical Sample includes Elites, Experts and practitioners of SMEs supply chain in Qazvin State. In order to data gathering, questionnaire has been applied. Due to analyzing of the data, Conformity Factor Analysis and Structural Equation Modeling via Softwares such as LISREL and SPSS has been used. identified barriers has been prioritized in order of importance.Research conclusion depicted first level barriers includes organizational, environmental and individual had first, second and third place in ranking. Second level barriers includes Managerial, governmental, technical, awareness, competitive, religious and economic are main identified barriers versus establishment and implementation of supply chain management in Qazvin state SMEs.

Given the significant role of small and medium-size industries in any country’s economic development, this research aims to design a model of market development for small and medium-size food and beverage industries. “Grounded Theory” was applied to design the model. For that purpose, the required data were collected through theoretical sampling, semi-structured interviews with 14 state managers of developing small and medium-sized industries, and studying organizational documents. Based on the results, the development of those industries involves a wide range of activities including: business environment improvement, development of infrastructures, market expansion, technology development, human resource development,
financial resource and networks. Such factors as economic, political-legal, technical, sociocultural, environmental, together with government support, value chain and current status of industry all affect those activities. Advancement of competitiveness through increasing productivity, innovation and added value are among the most significant outcomes of SMEs development.