مدل سازی ساختاری- تفسیری (ism)

This study was conducted with the aim of designing and explaining the role of artificial intelligence in factories and examining its impact on innovative management. Thematic analysis was used to identify the main indicators and components related to artificial intelligence and interpretive structural modeling (ISM) was used to classify and analyze the relationships between variables. Data were collected and analyzed from 15 expert interviews. In thematic analysis, 39 initial codes were extracted from 170 open codes and categorized into 10 organizing themes, leading to an overarching theme titled "Artificial Intelligence in the Factory and Its Impact on Innovative Management". The identified components included industrial artificial intelligence tools, cognitive supply chain, customer service, production process robotization, data management, quality management, productivity optimization, improving production sustainability, increasing flexibility, and workforce development. Structural self-interaction matrix (SSIM) for ISM analysis and variable ranking showed that variables such as industrial AI tools and data management as independent variables had the greatest impact and productivity and improved production sustainability as dependent variables had the greatest impact. Also, cognitive supply chain and quality management were identified as linked variables, and MICMAC analysis introduced independent variables as key factors and linked variables as essential interfaces in system interactions. Intelligent use of AI-based technologies can lead to improved quality, productivity, cost reduction, supply chain optimization, and increased flexibility in factory production processes. The model presented in this study can be the basis for decision-making by manufacturing industry managers for the effective implementation of related technologies.

This study seeks to identify and analyze the critical elements of smart governance that contribute to the successful development and implementation of a smart city. The focus is on understanding the specific factors that enable the transformation of a traditional city into a smart city, with a particular emphasis on the city of Tehran.

The primary research method employed in this study is Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM), which allows for the systematic identification and examination of relationships between key factors. This research is qualitative and of an applied nature, aiming to provide practical insights. Data collection involved targeted sampling, where a comprehensive list of experts in the field of smart cities was compiled. Following extensive discussions, these experts participated in interviews, after which they were asked to complete a detailed questionnaire. Their responses were used to gather the necessary research data. The research environment was natural, with participants including both academic experts in the field of smart cities and executive professionals working in relevant organizations, such as smart city departments within municipalities and other related institutions.

The findings reveal that significant efforts are underway in Iran, particularly in Tehran, to advance toward becoming a smart city. After reviewing the research background and conducting in-depth interviews, several critical components were identified, including citizen participation, e-government, smart management, technology utilization, the political and institutional environment, internet access and usage, socio-environmental characteristics, transparency, accountability, data exchange, and public-private sector collaboration. Through rigorous analysis of the interviews and existing literature using the interpretive structural modeling method, the study identified the most important and influential factors necessary for realizing a smart city in Tehran. The study highlights that Tehran has made substantial progress in establishing e-government, followed by the adoption of smart management practices, technology utilization, and the creation of a supportive political and institutional environment, which are all recognized as key drivers in this process.

Cities across the globe are confronting numerous challenges, including traffic congestion, air pollution, excessive energy consumption, and uncontrolled urban sprawl. The concept of a smart city has emerged as a potential solution to these challenges. However, the successful implementation of smart city initiatives requires a comprehensive and integrated decision-making framework. The notion of smart governance has thus gained prominence, attracting the attention of scholars across various fields, including public administration, policymaking, political science, and information technology. This concept plays a pivotal and supportive role in the development of a holistic decision-making framework for smart city initiatives. This research focuses on Tehran, one of Iran's most prominent metropolises in the realm of smart city development. The study concludes that three elements—e-government, the political and institutional environment, and the utilization of technology—are paramount in the successful realization of a smart city in Tehran and, by extension, in Iran.

Environmental auditing has become an important tool for maintaining and achieving environmental pollution control standards. Lack of a model for environmental compliance auditing in order to inspection of the Supreme Audit Court of Iran over the executive organs is one of the challenges of not implementing the environmental compliance auditing; therefore, the purpose of this study is to provide an audit model for environmental compliance in order to inspect the executive organs.

In this study, first, the initial indicators were identified based on the study of research literature and statistical method of qualitative content analysis. Then, in the fall of 2021, by interviewing 35 auditors of the Iran’s Supreme Audit Court as experts, who were selected by the snowball judgment method and by the Delphi statistical method the initial indicators were identified and finalized. Then, using a modern questionnaire and modern analytical methodology, structural-interpretive modeling and by MATLAB and Excel softwares, the relationships of the indicators were determined, analyzed and ISM graph were drawn. Finally, using MICMAC analysis, the influence power and dependence of the identified indicators were evaluated and the final pattern was drawn. Validity in content and reliability using Cronbach's alpha coefficient was calculated.

The environmental compliance audit model for inspecting the executive organs of Iran has indicators for national laws and regulations, transnational laws and regulations, international agreements, contracts, policies and guidelines.

Indices of national and transnational laws and regulations with high influence and low dependence are independent and effective indicators in the model. Indices of policies with high power of influence and dependence as a link index, and indicators of international agreements and contracts with low power of influence and high dependence as dependent indicators have the least impact on the model.

Today, the tourism industry is considered as an important goal in the development of cities, and it is likely that each city will face certain challenges in achieving its goals. The city of Germi is no exception to this rule and despite its tourism potential, it has not been able to exploit them so far, which seems to be a challenge in this regard. In this regard, the main purpose of this study is to identify the challenges facing the development of tourism in Germi. The present study is a descriptive-exploratory study and the statistical population of the research is experts familiar with the tourism industry of Germi city. 10 of them were selected as the statistical sample of the research by snowball method. Also, content analysis method was used for the validity of the research tool, retest method was used for its reliability, and Structural-Interpretive Modeling (ISM) and MICMAC analysis were used for data analysis. In this regard, the results show that out of 17 initially identified challenges, 13 challenges in the content validity review stage achieved a CVR of above 0.75 and were identified as the final challenges of Germi city tourism. Also, the leveling of challenges showed that the relevant challenges can be classified into six levels, the challenge of tourism legislation at the lowest level and the economic and social challenges at the highest level, and that the classification They also showed that government and legislative challenges are key challenges in the development of Germi city tourism that have a great impact on its development (with high influence and low dependence

Despite the importance and significant role that branding can play for business-to-business (B2B), most research has been conducted in the context of business to consumer (B2C). Corporate banking is considered as one of the relatively new areas that has occurred in banking industry in the the country which occurs in B2B business model. After reviewing the related literature, the researcher can claim that no research has been conducted on the elements and components of corporate brand identity in the banking industry, especially in Iran. Therefore, this study aims to identify the factors affecting the corporate brand identity in the context of corporate banking and explore the relationships between these factors.

The present study aims to discover and identify the factors affecting the corporate brand identity, and then to present a causal structural model of these factors in the context of corporate banking. Therefore, the present research falls into the category of applied research. Given that this research seeks to describe the elements and dimensions of corporate brand identity and then to describe the causal relationships between them, this study is discpriptive in terms of research method. The present study is a survey research which used the opinions of 18 experts in the field of corporate banking. Identification and selection of the individuals was done using non-statistical and available methods. Content analysis method was used in order to extract the factors and elements of corporate brand identity, and then interpretive structural modeling (ISM) method was used in order to identify the relationships between the main categories. From this perspective, this research falls into the category of consecutive exploratory mixed research.

According to the findings of this study, the factors affecting the corporate brand identity were defined in the form of 13 main categories including strategy, market orientation and market focus, organization, strategic brand analysis and market research, organizational culture, stakeholder relationship management, organizational infrastructure and structure, organizational competencies and capabilities, human capital management system, brand personality, brand visual identity, brand communication, brand reputation, brand proposed value as well as 41 sub-categories. In addition, there is a causal relationship between these factors according to the research results.

The brand identity is formed based on strategy, culture, infrastructure and structure, competencies and capabilities, and human capital management system. These factors, which are also involved in the stimulus cluster, are considered as the most important factors or in other words, the underlying factors in forming the company brand identity. Following these five factors, market orientation and market focus at the fourth level are the other important factor that affect the formation of the company brand identity. Regardless of the market and market orientation, it is obvious that organizations cannot identify the needs of the market properly and cannot form a coherent and consistent identity in order to fulfill their missions. At the third level, there are two factors of stakeholder relationship management as well as strategic brand analysis and market research which are influenced by market orientation and market focus. In fact, it is the market image that requires companies to seek brand analysis and market research in order to form and develop their brand position accordingly. At the second level, the factors related to brand visual identity, brand communication, and brand value are influenced by the factors belonging to level three, four, and five. These three factors all affect and also contribute to the realization of each other. Finally, all of these factors can affect the two factors of level five, namely brand personality and brand reputation. In order to complement the results which are obtained from the ISM hierarchical model, organizational strategy, market orientation and focus on organizational market, organizational culture, infrastructure and organizational structure, organizational competence and capabilities, and human capital management system which are also involved in the stimulus cluster are the result of the MICMAC analysis. The factors in the stimulus cluster are highly effective but less affected by other elements. As a result, the priority is given to the changes in these factors in order to change the status of brands. Other factors are also included in the category of dependent elements, which indicate their high effectiveness.

The tourism industry is one of the most important factors creating wealth and employment in the world. Religious tourism is one of the main types of tourism in Iran. This kind of tourism can be a source of knowledge, development and sustainability for communities. This study provides a comprehensive framework for identifying and investigating the direct and indirect effects of each of the factors affecting the development of religious tourism in the Islamic Republic of Iran. For this purpose, at first factors affecting the development of religious tourism in Iran is identified by comprehensive review of the literature and opinions of experts in the field and then these factors were rated using Interpretive Structural Modeling(ISM). According to the results “Formulating rules and regulations” and “Having systematic thinking”, is the most basic elements in the development of religious tourism of Iran that must be taken into serious consideration by executives in the industry. The results of this research will help policy makers so that they can choose a better path for the development of religious tourism.

Nowadays, everything is changing and transforming, and the competitors are seeking for increasing in their own market share through reaching to the competitive advantage. The considering of the innovation, as one of the alternatives for increasing in competitive advantage within commercial dynamic environments and contexts, is an essential matter. On the other hand, there are various factors which are influential on the innovation. These factors, therefore, must be studied. Indeed, the purpose of the present research is designing and explanation of the innovation model in the production of food products. The methodology of the present study, in term of purpose, is an applied one, and in term of nature and method, is a descriptive-analytical study. Statistical population of the study includes the experts and managers of the JAMM and ROZE TALAEE Production and Packaging Industries Group. In the present research, after reviewing the literature, influential factors on the innovation process recognized and organized in three dimensions (behavioral factors, structural factors, and environmental factors). Research dada have been gathered and analyzed by using the questionnaire and Fuzzy Delphi Techniques and Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM). The results of ranking of the research variables using Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) test, after identification of the main variables, showed that the innovation performance, commerce, productivity, research and development (R&D), and venturing on the knowledge components as the most impressionable variables ranked in the upmost level, and the world economic streams and innovation policies components as the most influential variables ranked in the lowest level.

In today’s competitive and fast-moving marketplace, agile manufacturing is one of the strongest tools to respond to customer demands. Companies face the high environmental change due to the high level of competition for personalized products, reducing production time and high speed of emerging technologies. These organizations need to increase their agility in order to adapt business processes with rapid changes and survive in the competitive environment. In the current changeable situation, everyone found that the only competitive advantage of organizations in the future is that managers learn how to learn faster than their competitors and this is meaning of agility concept. Most of the experts state that the most successful organizations in the future will be those who are agiler. The main aim of this research is to present a model to identify contributing factors in agility of Fajr Jam gas refinery. The data were collected from managers and experts of Fajr Jam gas refinery. In order to analyze data Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) was used, and relations between criteria were identified. Then using MICMAC analysis the amount of influence and dependence of each criterion was obtained. The result of analyzing data indicate that “empowered and multi-skilled workers” criterion with the greatest leverage, ranked as the most influential criteria. Finally, some practical offers and strategies for managers are provided.

Agility is considered the ability to respond quickly to changes and a major factor for success and survival in today's business. The purpose of this research is to offer a conceptual model using Interpretive Structural Modeling(ISM). To this end after reviewing literature and theoretical background, the indices related to achieving agility via information technology (IT) have been identified and then the Interpretive Structural Model in four levels has been represented. Findings show that tendency and commitment of top managers, organizational climate and strategic planning alignment with information technology planning is the major factors affecting agility achievement via information technology (IT).