economic

Identification and prioritization of obstacles to the establishment of electronic human resources management.

The current research is fundamental-applicative in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of data collection method. A mixed method (qualitative and quantitative) was used to conduct the research. In the qualitative phase, the indicators and dimensions of the model were extracted by using library studies and provided to the experts in the form of a semi-structured interview. The statistical population of the qualitative stage was active elite experts and human resources experts, 17 of them were selected as a sample using the snowball method. In the quantitative stage, the statistical population was considered to be a combination of employees based in the police command headquarters, according to Morgan's table and with the help of simple random sampling, 265 of them were determined as a sample.

The indicators extracted from the qualitative stage were provided to the sample in the form of a questionnaire.The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by experts in the qualitative stage and its reliability was determined through Cronbach's alpha. The analysis of the data from the qualitative part showed said that the obstacles to the establishment of electronic human resources management include; There were infrastructural obstacles, managerial obstacles, process obstacles and other obstacles (cultural, economic, social).In the quantitative part, using structural equation analysis, the causal relationships between obstacles and the establishment of electronic human resources management were investigated.

All the obstacles identified in the research had an impact on the establishment of electronic human resources management. The fuzzy technique was used to rank the obstacles, and based on the obtained relative importance coefficients, the problems of the culture of the organization's employees were the most important and the problems of proper planning were the least important

Such a demographic change will have many effects on the economy, the labor market. Contemplation and reflection on the current challenging situation of the world and the region confirms the undeniable fact that the Islamic Republic of Iran must take appropriate measures in order to gain superior power in the region of South-West Asia.

Research data has been collected using free and semi-structured interviews with 19 senior managers and professors in the field of economics. Data analysis was done using the thematic method based on 3-step coding using N VIVO software.

role of changes in the age structure of the population on economic development consists of six main themes that happen in a process and gradually, which are: young workforce, initiative and entrepreneurship, education and skills, cultural changes and Social security and cultural and national life, increasing the workforce and achieving sustainable development.

Originality: 

The results of this research show that the growth and development of the country's youth, in addition to the economic growth.

Iran, as a transitioning country in terms of age structure and development level, has experienced a faster decline in fertility during recent decades. Fertility and childbearing are related to many factors, including: social conditions, religious beliefs, economic and social capital, propensity to fertility, woman's age, woman's marriage age, length of stay. The purpose of this study is to identify the factors affecting the youth of the population. The study method is a survey and questionnaire technique was used to collect data. The statistical sample is 379 married women aged 15-50 in 10 residential complexes of the Republican Army in Tehran, which according to the available socio-statistical information, these women are approximately 35,000 people.The obtained results show the appropriate theoretical explanation of the analysis model by the theories of Bongart, Notstein, Rang, as well as the theories of social base, religious beliefs and economic and social capital to explain the relationship between economic and social factors and the degree of fertility tendency. According to these theories, economic and social factors have a significant relationship with the fertility tendency of people, in general, it can be said that each of the economic and social factors has a relationship with the fertility tendency of people, and if the variables showed both at the micro level and at the macro level In Iran, the structure of society and social developments have changed people's tendencies in various fields, including fertility.

Many foreign nationals have migrated to Yazd province due to cultural, linguistic, religious affinity, security, labor market, etc. This trend intensified after the revolution and its effects can be seen in social, economic, cultural, political and security dimensions. The purpose of this research was to identify the challenges of the presence of foreign nationals in Yazd province. The research method was a qualitative type of thematic analysis, and the method of determining the participants is a purposeful judgment. The participants included security and law enforcement experts of Yazd province, and the method of determining the sample size was data saturation. The data collection tool was in the qualitative part of the semi-structured interview, the validity of which was achieved through the continuous work of the researcher with the data and the repetition of 10% of the analysis of the interviews. Data saturation was achieved after 9 interviews. Rating of challenges using the number of 30 people who were selected in full and with the tool of researcher-made questionnaire whose validity was ensured with the help of experts and experts and its reliability with the help of Cronbach's alpha coefficient (.75) and using Friedman's test was done. The research findings showed that the policing-security challenges of the presence of foreign nationals in Yazd province include four organizational, political-security themes; social; economic; There are rules that the basic themes of each of them are reported and ranked in detail in the text of the article. Considering the identified challenges caused by the illegal presence of nationals in the country, it is necessary for the authorities to systematically organize the immigration process of foreign nationals.

The purpose of this article is to extract the strategic issues of the distribution system and present the transformation strategies of this sector based on Bryson's method. Based on this, the consequences of the distribution network from the perspective of the activity of each of the "distribution agents" in the form of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats have been calculated and then the pathology of the distribution agents' performance has been discussed. The pathological results are classified in the form of 4 groups including unorganized units, semi-organized units, fully organized traditional units and fully organized modern units.The results show that the strategic issues of the distribution system in the way of achieving economic goals include the continuous reduction of the ability to create added value in the country's distribution sector and the increase in the pressure of distribution service costs on other economic sectors. The strategic issues of the distribution system in the way of achieving social goals include the violation of consumers' rights, the reduction of the share of the distribution sector in the creation of formal employment, and the increase in the side costs of distribution services in the country. The strategic issues of the distribution system in the way of achieving regulatory goals include the high cost of market management policies on the economy and the high cost of monitoring and inspection measures in the distribution network.

Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the factors affecting the development of cloud-based accounting education and the academic performance of students. The method of design is quantitative and the type is descriptive - survey. In order to carry out this research, a questionnaire designed by Omar Akbal Tofiq in 2022 was used to collect data. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by content validity using experts' opinions. The reliability of the constructs was assessed through three methods; Cronbach's alpha, composite reliability of each structure, and factor loadings of each item. The statistical population of this research is the students of accounting. For the distribution of the questionnaire according to the similarity of environmental conditions and facilities, universities of the west of Iran including Razi University of Kermanshah, Ilam, and Kurdistan were studied. 92 acceptable responses were received and analyzed from the questionnaire distributed by random sampling method. SMART PLS software has been used to analyze the data. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent of adoption of cloud computing methods in the education of accounting courses and its effectiveness in education programs by the students of universities of Iran by applying the influence of external variables, i.e., human factors, economic and technological factors, and cultural and social factors on the development of cloud accounting education and academic performance of students. The results indicate that human, economic, and cultural factors have a significant positive effect on the development of cloud-based accounting education and student's academic performance.
Extended abstract
Today, changes and evolution in information technology are constantly determining changes in the field of higher education worldwide. Effective integration of technology in higher education is increasing to provide qualitative education and preparation of students and teachers to face the 21st century and fully familiarity with evolving technologies (Suzianti & Paramadin, 2021; Yukefallah et al., 2021). This will reduce classroom constraints, and students have more opportunities to communicate with each other. E-learning can have an effective and significant impact on academic performance, achievement, and level of student satisfaction with traditional classroom education, which is one of the most appropriate strategies for optimal use of online (virtual) cloud computing education services. In 2020, the sudden outbreak of Covid-19 surprised people all over the world. During the Corona epidemic, 1.5 billion students in 188 countries had their schools closed. Many countries were forced to adopt online education to ensure continuity of learning when social distancing was unavoidable (McBurnie et al., 2020; Reimers & Scheicher, 2020). Hence, in this situation, virtual education is considered the main strategy for continuing the education of students and a way to prevent the spread of disease and the gap in education in universities and educational centers (Huang et al., 2020). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the factors affecting the education of cloud accounting and its reflection on the academic performance of accounting students in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. The importance of this research arises from the fact that it can identify the factors affecting the development of cloud accounting education that promotes successful usage of online learning systems during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, this research provides practical insights into the adoption and use of online learning systems in developing countries such as Iran.
Theoretical Framework
Since in recent years, the use of information and communication technologies has been widely used in organizations, departments, and universities and has presented a wide range of benefits for organizations, especially universities in the e-learning sector; identifying and prioritizing the factors affecting the creation and development of e-learning in universities is of great importance (Bahari & Moody, 2021). Several indices such as infrastructural factors (hardware, software), human, economic, and cultural factors are more effective in the creation, development, and application of this teaching method. Remote education is a new and successful educational method; in order to achieve its high goals, it is necessary to continue, time and improve access to computers and the internet in the whole of society, and also it is necessary that education with short-term planning strengthens the skills of teachers and students in using their programs and media that do not have problems such as unfamiliar with new software. Therefore, these skills improve students' educational performance. E-learning in comparison with traditional teaching has major advantages such as flexibility and elimination of unnecessary and costly movements to participate in training courses. E-learning is also independent of time and space variables (Sahbeigi & Nazari, 2012). The results of several studies (Devi, Ratnoo and Bajaj, 2022; Njugunna, 2021) show that the economic variables of students such as social class, place of residence, and occupation of parents affect their academic performance (Omer & Mohmood, 2018). Cultural and social factors are shared values, norms, and attitudes among people that constitute the beliefs of a society (Apsalone & Sumilo, 2015). Culture is one of the important factors that seem to influence the public acceptance of e-learning services in developing countries (Alajmi et al., 2017). According to Elizabeth brown and Hocutt (2017) cloud-based technologies and services such as Google Drive and Google Apps, which are used in the cloud-based collaborative environment, provide new opportunities for integration between shared platforms and student interaction, and students can interact with teachers and classmates (Huang et al., 2016).
Research This research is a descriptive type, and applicable in terms of purpose, and the type of data in this research for questions test is quantitative. In this research, an electronic questionnaire designed by Omar Akbal Tofiq in 2022 was used to collect data. To examine the theoretical model, a survey with two parts is used. The first part includes demographic questions about students, and the second part includes questions for measuring the structure of models. Each section of the structure is measured using a 5-point Likert scale. The statistical population of the study included all students of accounting. According to the establishment of similar conditions for access to students, understanding the research topic, and finally usable results of analysis, the information of universities of west part of the country including the Razi University of Kermanshah, Ilam, and Kurdistan, which are similar in terms of facilities and environmental conditions, were selected, and finally, after distributing the questionnaire (in person and internet) and using simple random sampling, 92 acceptable answers were collected and analyzed. Smart pls is used to analyze the data.
This study aimed to investigate the factors affecting the development of cloud-based accounting education and the academic performance of students in Iran. According to the results, human factors; economic and technological factors; and cultural and social factors have positive effects on students' educational performance and the development of cloud-based accounting education. The findings of the research showed that integration of cloud computing technology in the educational environment provides new opportunities that improve teaching and learning, and help the students' self-learning and motivate them to learn by providing flexibility, Students during the learning process will interact with each other, leading to the exchange of knowledge, increasing participation, and improving the educational results, which is consistent with the findings of Musyaffi et. al. (2022). Skill problems and teachers' lack of conformity with online education and lack of familiarity with the virtual environment and its structure, difficulty in evaluating the quality of learning of learners, teachers' resistance to enter the age of technology and change of traditional evaluation methods and finally, increasing the teachers' working hours at the beginning of covid-19 pandemic was observed; therefore, accounting professors and students acquire the necessary skills to use educational tools, devices and systems, hardware and software by passing of time and the movement of education from traditional to online education, which is, as a result, necessary to acquire the skills to use Cloud space and equipment needed for both professors and students to use online teaching, which is in agreement with the results of Atanda Balogun et. al. (2023); Wagiran et. al. (2022); and Khan Al-Badi (2022). In this regard, according to the results of the study, it is suggested that university professors have received training for the use of educational technology and virtual learning methods that can improve the quality of virtual education. This training can include applicable methods for virtual learning, how to use instructional and communication tools, and virtual class management. Also, the production and presentation of high and diverse educational resources and content can help students gain the best results in virtual education programs. The selection of educational resources is also important due to students' needs and variety of educational methods. In addition, using new technologies such as virtual reality, artificial intelligence, and gamification in virtual education programs can provide more attractive and useful methods for students.

The role of universities in economic and social development in recent years has been the subject of debate among researchers and policymakers in higher education to such an extent that, in their view, entrepreneurial universities are recognized as a key player in competition, economic growth and wealth. In this study, using a mixed method (qualitative-quantitative), a model for the development and implementation of entrepreneurship in the Islamic Azad University has been provided. The statistical sample of the study in the qualitative section included 20 university officials, entrepreneurial managers, professors, science and technology park managers, entrepreneurship specialists, managers of knowledge-based companies, private companies, business education officials, science and technology park director, robotics company CEO, and the students who were purposefully selected and interviewed.The sample of the quantitative section included 365 people who answered the questionnaire. The coding process (open, axial and selective) was used to analyze the qualitative data and Amos software was used for analyzing the quantitative data. The research findings in the qualitative part indicated that the model includes infrastructure, management, environmental human resources and operational dimensions. In the quantitive data analysis, the model indicators showed a good fit.The coverage value of p was equal to 0.313, which indicates the suitability of the model. On the other hand, the root mean square of the estimation error as an important index had a value of 0.07 which is less than 0.1. Other pattern fit indicators such as TLI 0.92, NFI 951/0, CFI 94/0, IFI 94/0, RFI 0.911 and normalized Chi-square index to 1.45 degrees of freedom indicate optimal fit and pattern confirmation.

The purpose of this research is to assess the educational and economic needs of investors in the tourism sector in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad provinces. Research data were analyzed using the hierarchical method. The research community includes all the investors of the tourism sector in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad provinces, which according to the statistics of the General Directorate of Cultural Heritage, Tourism and Handicrafts of the province, this number reaches 200 people. The sampling method is available in the form of sampling. According to the findings of the research, the most important effective factors in prioritizing the education of investors in the tourism sector in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad provinces, from the strongest factor to the weakest factor, are: training in the correct methods of communicating with tourists, training in removing misconceptions about tourism , teaching the correct investment solutions in the tourism sector, teaching the economic basics of tourism, continuous and intermittent training to teach the principles of tourism, creating an effective and efficient educational system in order to understand the strategic needs of the tourism industry, insurance and tax training in the tourism sector, teaching the legal basics of tourism. The most important effective factors in the economic prioritization of tourism sector investors in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad provinces, from the strongest factor to the weakest factor, are: income generation in the sports tourism sector, income generation in the transportation and hotel tourism sector, income generation in the tourism sector Therapy, income generation in tourism handicraft sector, income generation in tourism recreation sector, income generation in tourism ecotourism sector, income generation in cultural and religious tourism sector, income generation in natural tourism sector.

Natural Hazards, political crises, economic tensions, social unrest are the internal and external threats of the countries, to solve them the issue of resilience is raised and implemented. Resilience is defined as the ability to regain internal balance and stable performance in shocks. Resilience of supply chains is very important. Suppliers, manufacturers, and distributors are the main factors of the chain in the process of obtaining raw materials, converting raw materials into final products and distributing and delivering products to consumers, so with the resilience and stability of supply chains, the effects of political crises, Social and natural disasters are at least controlled and return to normal conditions faster. Due to the lack of studies on the effect of knowledge-based economy components on the resilience of the supply chain, this issue has been investigated in selected member countries of the organization of Islamic cooperation (OIC) during the period of 2014-2019 and using panel data and the method of generalized moments in this article. The results showed the four pillars of the knowledge economy: Economic and institutional regime, Education and skills, Innovation system, and Information and Communication Infrastructure, with Business Sophistication and Market Sophistication two pillars of Input Innovation Index, have an effect on the resilience of the supply chain. They are positive and significant, and with the promotion and improvement of each of the mentioned components, the resilience of the supply chain will improve and increase.

Neighborhood approaches have undergone various changes and developments throughout the life history of countries, which are due to internal and external factors. The exercise of foreign power, geopolitical, political, economic, military conditions, as well as cultural, ethnic and religious differences, have historically caused challenges, convergences and aggressions of neighboring countries. Iran is also one of the influential countries in the region, which has had fluctuations in proximity to its neighbors during the past periods. And approaches of J.A. Iran originated. In the new situation and with the neighborhood approach of the thirteenth government, it seems that a new approach to the neighbors is being formed, which requires the formulation and implementation of strategies in political, economic, cultural and military dimensions that can be used to repair challenges and Past misunderstandings. In this article, while briefly introducing the countries of the Persian Gulf, strategies for presenting a new approach in relation to neighbors are presented.

Effective educational factors are a set of important and effective components in the development of knowledge as well as increasing the quality of education, which provides solutions to expand the quality development of teachers through various methods. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to design a model of factors affecting the educational quality of students from the perspective of secondary school teachers in Abadeh. Research method, this study, from the perspective of purpose; Functional, in nature; Exploratory-analytical; In terms of data collection methodology, quality was based on exploratory approach based on induction and data strategy of the foundation, which through in-depth interview technique, between 15 experts (including three managers and two teachers and ten experts Educational sciences with related records and familiar with the conditions and environment of schools, without asking follow-up questions) until the limit of theoretical data saturation was done. The sampling method was purposeful, snowball, and to evaluate and validate the data (reliability); The four criteria of acceptability, reliability, transferability and verification proposed by Lincoln and Guba (1985) were used. After conducting the interviews, 298 open codes were identified and using the category review process, content themes (using Atlas TII software) 5 factors, along with 13 subcategories. factors (selective codes) were individual and interpersonal relationships factors, psychological factors, infrastructural and educational components, economic and social factors or components of teachers and parents, strategic factors.

COVID-19 and Corona disease have proved that the pandemic catastrophes happened in the past are probable to occur again. Therefore, concerning the impossibility of sustainable prevention, it is essential to minimize the pandemic consequences in the economic, social, cultural, and political aspects of society. In the absence of adequate intelligence and census in investigating the impact of Coronavirus on tourism and the consequent aftermaths, it is possible to utilize Input-Output tables as well as the variance of incoming tourists. In the first 2 quarters of the year 1399, there has been a 96% decline in incoming tourists than the equivalent period of last year. The research estimation indicates that it will result in a 13.1% direct, indirect, and induced decrease in GDP. The results demonstrate that the “wholesale and retail services” as well as “after-service and supportive transportation industry” with transmission dissemination power index higher than 1 and transmission dispersion sensitivity less than 1 have strong forward linkages and “railway, sea, and air transports” as well as “religious services” with transmission dissemination power index less than 1 and transmission dispersion sensitivity higher than 1 have strong backward linkages.

 Conflict is the social issue of human societies. The collective conflict is a historical issue that only the form of its transformation has changed.
In some provinces of Iran, such as Khuzestan, especially the provincial capital (Ahvaz), the context and the basis for the formation of mass struggle is greater. The purpose of this research was to investigate the sociological analysis of collective disputes in Ahvaz city.

using quantitative content analysis and a researcher-made checklist that was conducted in 2019. The data collection tool was a reverse information questionnaire of 391 cases from the mass-fighting cases of 2014-2016 present in the branch of execution of the orders of the Islamic Revolutionary Public Prosecutor's Office in Ahvaz referring to the judicial authorities and containing a judicial file.The theoretical framework is based on sociological theories of pressure, social control, and learning theory.

Based on the analysis of cases in this study, about 35% of the mass struggle between the ages of 21 and 25 years. The rate of collective conflict in men is higher than that of women. The degree of collective conflict in singles and married is at a level. The average of the total conflict in terms of ethnicity is different. The amount of conflict in the villages of Ahwaz is higher than the city of Ahvaz. The degree of mass strike in people who do not have a previous conviction is higher than those who have a previous conviction.

According to the results of the study, 86.7% of individuals did not refer to the courts or law enforcement authorities in the previous collective conflict. According to the findings of this study, the rate of mass conflicts is related to economic, social, security and cultural factors. There is a significant direct and positive relationship between the presence of weapons and the occurrence of mass conflicts.

The purpose of this study is to "design the financial services marketing model in the brokerages of stock exchanges Organization".In this regard, while reviewing the concepts of marketing and financial services with an interview with experts in the marketing and financial services industry using qualitative analysis, we design a model of marketing of financial services in brokerages of the Stock Exchange Organization by marketing and brokerage experts by marketing and brokerage experts and identified indices and components.The studied population included all the experts in marketing and brokerage.The sample size of the study was 20 experts in the marketing and corporate financial services selected through the theoretical saturation method. Semi-structured interviews and the Delphi method were used to collect the data in this study.Using MAXQDA software,the results of the qualitative analysis showed that the components of the marketing of the financial services model in the brokerages of the stock exchange and securities organization are 1)Customer attraction and retention, 2)market share,3)the performance of brokers and intermediaries,4)the mix of service marketing,5)establishment of the comprehensive service system,6)investment,7)diversity of companies, 8)environmental factors(marketing and financial services environment).Furthermore,67 indices were confirmed for these components.

Entrepreneurship, as the most important weapon of economic development, has an important role in economic development and raising the level of capability of the country. The purpose of this study is to provide a model and strategy of effective factors in managing the development of women entrepreneurship in Iran. Because the main problem of underdeveloped countries in today's world is not the lack of financial and human capital Women in entrepreneurship should be considered as almost half of the effective human resources of the society.

In the present study, using the meta-combination technique, the findings of related internal and external studies were systematically examined by the seven-step method of Sandolowski and Barso. Out of 120 articles searched in this field, 70 selected articles based on which 22 factors affecting the management of women's entrepreneurial development were identified and extracted. Research

The present study was conducted with the aim of providing an effective model for explaining the factors affecting the management of women entrepreneurship development in Iran‌‌. Research Methods. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of data collection and survey group. Data analysis was performed qualitatively using content analysis and Delphi and MaxQuoda software and quantitatively by structural equation modeling measured using correlation and covariance, Demetel. The statistical population of the present study consists of 30 experts and professors in the qualitative section and in the quantitative section of senior human resources in the study area of ​​Tehran Municipality and its affiliated organizations, which is equal to 196 people. 

The research findings showed that the main factors of personal/personality dimension, economic/financial, cultural/social‌‌, ‌‌‌ political/administrative and 22 sub-concepts affect the development of women entrepreneurship ‌‌‌

‌‌‌Based on the results of research‌‌, ‌‌‌Individual characteristics can be considered as one of the most effective factors in the process of managing the development of women's entrepreneurship in Iran. It is suggested by compiling, implementing and supervising scientific programs for entrepreneurship development (up-to-date and effective) in any geographical location and living standard of the target community in Iran;  By raising the level of knowledge, attitude, motivation and entrepreneurial leadership of women with effective and efficient government support, the individual / personality factor can be considered as the most powerful factor in managing the development of women entrepreneurship in Iran.