foresight

A business model is a strategic concept that shows how to create, deliver, and obtain value. Although business models change along with environmental changes, they need innovation, anticipation, exploratory thinking, and momentum to overcome the acceleration of changes. Business model innovation requires design insight. Foresight is a systematic and collaborative process for building the future, which focuses on making businesses future-oriented through consultation, knowledge acquisition, and visioning. Existing business model design patterns pay little attention to the design space and the future. Moreover, existing foresight frameworks do not pay enough attention to business model design. Therefore, studies indicate the need to provide a comprehensive model to consider the changes in the environment, existing uncertainties, and future situations in business model design. This research was carried out with the aim of solving the gap in the literature and presenting a conceptual model of business model design based on foresight.
 
This research was both practical and exploratory in its purpose, rooted in pragmatism, and followed a mixed-methods (qualitative and quantitative) approach with an inductive reasoning framework. In the theoretical stage, using the systematic review method, the literature and scientific works related to the subject of the research were reviewed, analyzed, and categorized. Then, through a conceptual study, using the obtained insights and combining the existing models, the proposed conceptual model was designed. To validate the model, 12 people were selected as a sample from among the experts in futures studies and business management, who were the target community of the research. At this stage, a questionnaire was used to collect information. The validity of the questionnaire was approved by experts, and its reliability was confirmed by calculating the Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.768. To check the normality of the data, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was performed, and based on the results, the data were normal. Then, a one-sample t-test was used to analyze the answers. The organization of documents and citations was done using Pazhuhyar software (version 2), and the calculations were done using SPSS software (version 27).
 
The results showed that in past studies, a group of researchers gave little attention to futures studies in business model design. A few of them focused on some aspects of future research, while giving more importance to sustainability and the business model design space. Another group of researchers used some futures studies techniques as a toolbox. A few examined future research and foresight as a framework for business model development, but they did not provide a comprehensive framework for business model design based on foresight. Along with the conceptual study, Osterwalder and Pigneur's business model design process and Voros's general foresight framework were identified as suitable models for integrating and presenting the desired conceptual model. Based on this, the proposed conceptual model for designing a business model based on foresight, by integrating the two mentioned models, was designed, presented, and approved by the experts.
 
Based on the findings of the research, designing business models based on foresight can cover the weaknesses of previous research and existing models by considering various futures, adopting a multi-level approach, and pursuing the realization of strategies, thus helping businesses become future-oriented. It is suggested that business model designers, in the design process, pay attention to the knowledge of environmental changes and possible futures and plan for the transformation of the business model according to alternative futures. The application of the proposed model can help achieve this purpose. Also, the results of the application of the proposed model can be evaluated and analyzed by other researchers.

Due to the speed and uncertainty of environmental changes, firms become less confident in the effectiveness of planning that is based on previous experience and assumptions. Instead, executives started to recognize that business decisions should not only be driven by past data, but also be based on systematic evaluation of possible forthcoming trends by constantly scanning for and interpreting discontinuities in the external environment. Corporate foresight can be defined as the desire of the company to understand futures for the long-term interests of the company. This article was written with the aim of a systematic review of corporate foresight literature between 2006 and 2022. The systematic review of corporate foresight literature includes the scientific research works of countries, the distribution of articles based on the year of publication, journals, authors, the number of citations to the journals and researchers and classified from the prospective of methodology. The findings show that the subject of corporate foresight has received more attention over time, and researchers can use different theoretical and methodological approaches to investigate corporate foresight and cover the research gap.

The research’s aim is to investigate the effects of the success of strategic alliances on the strategic learning ability of member companies in the Iranian Electricity Industry Syndicate in 1402, emphasizing the important role of strategic foresight. In the school of learning strategy, strategy is an activity that is learned by the members of the organization and also emerges from the heart of learning processes, and on this basis, it has attracted the attention of many organizations and companies. In other words, organizations with a learning attitude to strategy design can improve their speed of action and effectiveness to face environmental changes and the future of the organization.

The research’s problems achieved by finding answers to the three main questions about the influence of strategic alliance on strategic learning and strategic foresight finally about the nature of strategic alliance. The research is descriptive correlational research based on the structural equation modeling method in terms of the practical purpose and the method of data collection, which has been carried out cross-sectionally. The data of this research was collected through a questionnaire survey method. This sample was produced by searching in the organizational database of the Iranian Electricity Syndicate in the spring of 1402. which included 609 companies and according to the survey of senior managers, a statistical population of 609 people was produced, which was used by simple random sampling method. In recent studies, Cohen's formula is used to determine the sample size based on the effect size and power of the test. Another advantage of this method is that the number of main variables and questionnaire questions is also involved in the calculation of the sample size. Based on Cohen's formula, the sample size was considered equal to 106. The questionnaire included 55 items. Strategic foresight consists of three sub-components – environmental scanning, strategic choice, and integration capabilities – and was measured using a total of 31 items developed by Polianite and Passa (2014) [51]. To measure the strategic success of the alliance, we used five items taken from the evaluation criteria established by Robertson and Gatignon (1998). These measures can be used to determine the success of strategic alliances in innovation and new product development and to identify whether a company's profit and sales have been positively affected by strategic alliances or not [56]. Also, to measure strategic learning, a four-item scale proposed by Charlotte Siren (2012) and using 19 items is used [72]. To achieve content and face validity, the questionnaire was reviewed by experts, and according to their opinions and making necessary corrections in the parameters, the validity of the questionnaire was confirmed and then the questionnaires were distributed. To measure reliability, Cronbach's alpha and composite reliability were calculated. This study uses SmartPLS4 to verify the research framework and hypotheses.

The results of the research data analysis showed that strategic alliance on strategic learning and strategic foresight; Also, strategic foresight has a positive and significant effect on strategic learning. Finally, strategic foresight mediates the relationship between strategic alliance and strategic learning. This research empirically proves the positive effect of strategic alliances on foresight as well as on strategic learning. As a result, this issue is useful for company managers to start tending to strategies based on cooperation and forming strategic alliances. This research showed that the more investment in strategic alliances, the better the future-oriented competencies. Furthermore, the better the foresight performance, the greater the strategic learning. In a business environment characterized by continuous and often disruptive change [81], companies face increasing pressure to identify future opportunities that enable them to create new products, services, and markets and maintain their ability to compete in the future. Therefore, a growing number of companies see foresight as an important tool to prepare for the future [67]. However, conducting foresight with an exclusive focus on internal knowledge and capabilities may prevent companies from finding new and important ideas [27]. Corporate foresight research thus far integrates networks as a means of capturing external data, often at the unit level [61]. The ability to extract knowledge and skills through alliances may become critical to survival [34].

Learning is becoming a central tool for future competition in strategic relationships [52]. Foresight activity promotes collective forms of learning that rely heavily on the cognitive virtues of a foresight attitude [18]. Strategic learning refers to learning that affects the identification and implementation of information and strategic initiatives to provide future capacity for organizational growth and survival [2]. Company managers must plan for the future to stay ahead of threats and be aware of growth opportunities. Our proposal is a systemic approach to close relationships with customers and suppliers the creation of diverse networks in the business environment and the development of strategic foresight capabilities: environmental scanning, strategic choice and, integration capabilities to create a learning organization, especially in the field of dynamizing the process of redesigning, implementing and controlling strategy to achieve strategic agility. To achieve this goal, researchers must be in close contact with the marketing team, who often understand the expectations of customers and suppliers. Managers must also learn to consider both short-term and long-term costs simultaneously. By considering the cost of missing out on new product opportunities or early warnings of future threats, managers can understand the importance of foresight. As a manager, they must also learn to evaluate costs but also consider returns. As a result, it is better to consider the additional cost and risks caused by resource sharing and the creation of foresight systems as strategic investments, which enable the achievement of dynamic competitive advantages by changing the strategic direction of the organization and providing information and resources for these changes.

The Winter 1403 edition of this journal continues its interdisciplinary and forward-thinking approach to strategic management by featuring six innovative articles. Each contribution offers a unique perspective on the challenges and opportunities modern organizations and leaders face in an era of rapid technological and market shifts. Topics range from “Quantum Intelligence” applications in strategic foresight and scenario simulation to “Gamification” in managerial decision-making, from the use of “Blockchain” in formulating organizational strategies to designing “Intelligent Mind Maps” for enhancing strategic creativity, and from “Strategic Management of Deep Data” to convert unknown data into competitive advantage to “Strategic Ethics Management in the Age of Artificial Intelligence.” Collectively, these studies illustrate that traditional methods must be harmonized with fresh ideas and advanced technologies in today’s volatile world for organizations to remain viable and competitive. The findings enrich the theoretical horizons of strategic management while also presenting practical solutions for decision-makers to utilize emerging trends, manage growing uncertainties, and address ethical concerns linked to technological advancements.A notable theme shared by these articles is the alignment of science and ethics in the course of strategic organizational development. On the one hand, a future-oriented, data-driven approach allows organizations to gain a more comprehensive view of environmental changes; on the other hand, a deep commitment to social responsibility and professional ethics—especially in areas such as AI and blockchain—lays the groundwork for trust-building and a sustainable competitive edge. Thus, the overarching focus of this issue lies in striking a balance between harnessing technological innovations and upholding ethical and societal values.

The purpose of this study is to measure the impact of organizational intelligence on the performance of NAJA sports managers.The research method is descriptive-survey in terms of nature and applied in terms of purpose. The statistical population of the study consisted of 355 sports managers of the police force of the Islamic Republic of Iran working in the whole country. The sample size was determined using Krejcie and Morgan table of 184 people and was selected by simple random sampling method. For data collection, Albrecht (2003) and Chen et al.'s (2012) organizational intelligence questionnaires were used. The guidelines were validated and their reliability was obtained through Cronbach's alpha coefficient test for organizational intelligence 0.89 and for performance 0.82 which was confirmed. In order to analyze the data, the structural equation technique using Lisrel statistical software and Spss statistical software was used.The results showed that the planned goal, level of foresight, progress, follow-up, correlation, use of information and efficiency of NAJA sports managers with a positive impact of 0.73, 0.70, 0.64, 0.71, 0.78, 0.59 and 0.78 on their performance, respectively. And have meaning.The results of the present study showed that organizational intelligence has a positive and significant effect on the performance of NAJA sports managers.

This research discusses future development of Kordestan province by using of strategic management approaches and future studying and it's main aim is identification of regional development's key components of Kordestan province with the point of foresight. The theoretical framework of this research is normative paradigm, it is functional in the case of goal and in terms of nature it is based on new methods of descriptive-analytical future studies. The data and information collection method is documentary and field study and their processing models are SWOT, Factor Analysis, Delphi and Cross-impact analysis which data processing has been done by MICMAC software. In this research, development criteria were classified in six categories such as social, economic, infrastructural, bio environmental, settlement structural and links by using of regional development studies. At first stage, between 240 effective factors on province development, 40 factors were identified by specialist experts by the use of SWOT method. Then by using of Delphi method the effects of these factors on each other were measured by experts and direct and indirect influences of these factors on each other were measured which result in identification of 13 key factors between 40 factors, that Gross domestic product outweigh and capital social if a low grade is effective factors on Kordestan province development.

The present study aims to apply a scenario-writing approach to forecast the future of professional ethics within Iran’s business ecosystem by the horizon of 2031. This research is applied in nature and combines documentary and survey methods, drawing upon new analytical and exploratory methods in futures studies. The target population includes managers of business enterprises and academic experts specializing in professional ethics and business. Initially, through library studies and an expert panel, the study identifies trends impacting professional ethics within Iran's business ecosystem by 2031. Subsequently, these trends undergo refinement through a two-stage Delphi method, followed by the identification of ten key factors using structural analysis. Finally, scenarios were generated to outline possible futures for professional ethics in Iran’s business landscape. For data analysis, SPSS, MICMAC, and Scenario Wizard software were utilized. The analysis yielded 2,857 combined scenarios, of which 15 were categorized as strong or likely, 19 as plausible, and 23 as weak. Among the probable scenarios, the findings indicated that most influential indicators on the future of professional ethics in Iran’s business ecosystem by 2031 are in a critical state. This study outlines four primary scenarios for the future of professional ethics in Iranian business: "Justice in Flux," "Local Management, Global Market," "Survival in the Dark Ages," and "National Engagement, Global Resistance." The results highlight that key factors, such as legal transparency, government oversight, international relations, and strengthening of local values, play a vital role in either enhancing or weakening professional ethics and organizational commitment. Aligning with similar studies, these findings emphasize the importance of transparent policies, international interactions, and cultural identity reinforcement, and recommend a balanced approach for managers and policymakers to improve ethical standards and business sustainability.

Today, governance has become one of the broadest interdisciplinary concepts in the literature of administration and policy-making in the world, and various fields in government and governance, from the economic and industrial sector to the social fields, try to apply this knowledge. “Anticipatory governance” is a way of decision-making that constantly examines the horizon of changes that require adaptation in our plans and behavior. The research is "applied" in terms of purpose and "qualitative" in terms of nature with an exploratory approach. The community of this research is articles in the field of "Anticipatory governance" jointly or separately. The method of collecting information is a document-library method with a Meta-synthesis method for extracting factors. By using the method of Meta-Synthesis of codes, themes and categories of "anticipatory governance" were extracted. The findings of this research show that predictive anticipatory has five dimensions: "Cultural", "Network", "Foresight", "Policymaking" and "Feedback", which is shown in the conceptual model of the research. At the end, a number of suggestions have been provided for those in charge of governance affairs.

Achieving independence, in all its conceivable dimensions, is one of the main goals of the Islamic Revolution. According to the self-sufficiency policies in defense and security dimensions that announced by the Supreme Commander in chief one of the vital aspects of independence, especially in fields of security and defense, is manifested through the development of knowledge and research; So that in the present era, defense has become more dependent on knowledge and technology and it is expected that this trend will continue in the future. Therefore, make its knowledge needs requires the mobilization of scientific and research capacities in the country. Although some of these needs can be met by defense research and academic centers the range of defense knowledge and technologies required is such that the use of national research capabilities is in. On the other hand, numerous studies on the reports published in the Supreme Council of the Cultural Revolution regarding education and postgraduate studies in the Ministry of Science acknowledge that despite the significant growth of postgraduate capacity in universities in recent years, unfortunately this huge capacity has not been well used. Of course, many studies have been done on the government-industry-university relationship, but the relationship between the defense industry and universities has been less studied or the results have not been published. Finally, the proposed model extracted from the present study, consisting of the 9 mentioned components, was presented as a strategic model for the development of research alliances between defense industries and universities in the horizon of 1414.

With the ever-increasing demand for blood resources worldwide, there is a great need to ensure a safe and adequate supply of blood products, and recruiting and retaining blood donors remains one of the primary challenges for blood transfusion agencies. The main objective of this research is to investigate the future development of blood donation culture in Iranian society, emphasizing the the role of social capital. This research is classified as applied in purpose and employs a mixed-methods approach. The statistical population comprises 10 experts of the blood transfusion organization. Purposive sampling method was used to select participants. Fuzzy Delphi and Micmac analysis were used for data analysis. The findings indicate that social capital is the most influential factor in blood donation. Moreover, among the various factors, philanthropy and public education were identified as the top priorities for effectiveness. The results obtained from the effects analysis showed that social capital had the largest direct and indirect effects. Philanthropy and public education also received the highest scores for direct and indirect dependence among other criteria. To address the impending shortage of blood donors in the coming decades, the blood transfusion organization must maintain the number of donors at a level commensurate with social needs by creating a culture and training that promotes voluntary donation.

The necessity of optimal policymaking in the petrochemical industry has consistently been highlighted as one of the strategic priorities in the country's overarching documents, such that the role of these policies in securing the national interests of current and future generations cannot be overlooked. For this reason, considering future-based scenarios regarding the petrochemical industry, especially the establishment of inland hubs within the developmental horizon of the country, is crucial and this is conducted with the aim of planning with a futurology approach for the development of inland petrochemical hubs. 

In this study, qualitative content analysis, scenario formulation, prioritization of propositions, robust planning under conditions of uncertainty, and strategic evaluation methods have been employed across three phases. In this context, interviews were conducted with 20 experts. 

Based on the research findings, optimistic scenarios are predicated on the reduction of sanctions, economic stability and exchange rate, foreign financing, participation of domestic investors, and access to technology, provided that the government is directly involved. Achieving these conditions requires a shift in foreign policy aimed at sanction relief, which, in turn, is expected to facilitate the realization of other conditions. In moderate scenarios, the importance of sanction reduction remains vital, and without it, the development of petrochemical hubs seems unattainable. 

Accordingly, the manner of government intervention in these projects and its collaboration with other institutions and various sectors will play a significant role in the status of these projects.

Nowadays foresight is widely used across an array of sciences, planning and policy makings. Scenario planning is one the methods of future studies- a tool for analyzing the policies, understanding the conditions, the threats, the needs and the superior values of the future. In this regard, the present study tries to address the formulation of tourism sustainable development scenarios of tourism destination villages - saqez county using Morphol software. This research is an applied one and it is descriptive-analytic in nature and method. The data and information required for the research are a combination of qualitative and quantitative data collected through documentary and survey studies (interviewing experts). FL MicMac software was used to analyze data and identifying key factors and Morphological analysis and Morphol software were used to analyze and formulate the scenarios. The results of the study indicate the impact of 10 key factors. According to the scenario analyses, these factors lead to 40 possible conditions. The results of the Morphol software indicate that there are four scenarios with strong compatibility that are more likely to occur in the future development of sustainable tourism in the study villages. Then, by comparing the scenarios with the help of components such as "probability percentage", "inertia value" and "degree of utility ", the third scenario is selected as the optimal scenario which shows the movement towards relative participation and solidarity between people and tourists, system planning for climate sustainability of tourism destination villages, relative awareness of people and tourists, relative competition between tourism destination villages. Establish integrated rural management and concessions to the private sector for more activity in the field of tourism need such a move. This scenario seeks to grow tourism through the implementation of a comprehensive tourism plan and attract investors from outside the region. Through increasing the attention of governmental and non-governmental institutions create the fundamental changes in tourism resource quality planning to travel to the studied villages.

Trying to build a desirable future is one of the human opportunity to shape the future in a VUCA world. The use of foresight in the development of business models leads to a sufficient and accurate understanding of the environment and the active identification of uncertainties and fluctuations that may affect the survival of current and new business models. In addition, the evaluation of the business model (as a summary of the strategy) , in plausible and believable futures, increases the awareness of the opportunities available inside and outside the organization. Therefore, the use of foresight in the development of business models has a growing trend. However, there is no comprehensive study regarding the dimensions of using foresight in business model development. This research has done with a systematic review and Meta-synthesizes method. Also, the statistical population is the documents registered in the Scopus database between the years 2000 and 2024 in relation to the research topic. The accuracy of the data was done through coding and conceptualization of the data by two coders and calculating the Kappa coefficient (0.62).At the end, the dimensions of the development of the futuristic business model in 4 categories and 11 main components including context (dimensions and scope of activity) , drivers (technological changes, competitive changes, environmental-political changes), strategies (components and methods) and consequences (increasing predictability, innovation capacity, increasing resiliance and robustness, enhancing competitiveness).

In recent years, the new concept of human security was introduced to the world community at the same time as the wave of governments' tendency to adopt new strategies in line with sustainable development, and clearly with the United Nations Development Center's annual report, which in its seven dimensions (economic, food, health, environmental, personal, social and political) affected the general policies of governments. The effective use of human resources, in such a way as to lead to the growth and development of core capabilities, is one of the most important organizational goals and a factor in gaining competitive advantage. This article aims to improve the security of human capital with the approach of strategic foresight capabilities. The statistical population of this research consists of two groups of professors in the field of management and a group of managers in the field of industry. With the purposeful sampling method, 17 university professors and industry managers were selected as a statistical sample of experts. Finally, to improve the security of human capital with the approach of strategic foresight capabilities; The relationship between the components of the two variables of human capital and strategic capabilities; With the structural equation modeling method, the results of the research showed that the variable of the organization's strategic foresight capabilities includes the components of dynamic capabilities, environmental navigation capabilities, strategic selection capabilities, integrated capabilities, individualistic capabilities, and the human capital variable includes the components of cognitive capabilities, behavioral capabilities and Competence is metacognitive. According to the results of the research and analysis of the relationships between the components, it was suggested that organizations should pay more attention to the cognitive ability, behavioral capabilities and metacognitive competence of the employees.

Organizations need a strategic intelligence strategy to respond appropriately to appropriate environmental changes. The present article aims to design a qualitative model of strategic intelligence model for managers of Islamic Azad University of Tehran.

The research method is qualitative and based on data theorizing of the foundation. Semi-structured interview method was used to collect data. Data analysis was performed by Strauss and Corbin (1998). The statistical population of the study included 12 managers and experts of the Islamic Azad University of Tehran who were selected by purposive sampling.

In data analysis using open coding technique, 111 basic concepts were identified, which were classified into 23 sub-categories, and in the axial coding stage, around 6 main categories were categorized.

In the form of paradigm model, causal conditions (foresight, realism, competitiveness and systems thinking), contextual conditions (attention to managers 'abilities, meeting managers' needs, providing facilities, improving organizational communication), intervening conditions (Organizational factors, personality factors, motivational factors), pivotal phenomenon (knowledge management), strategies (empowerment of managers, emphasis on participatory management, monitoring and evaluation, organizational health) and consequences (improvement and growth of work performance, risk-taking, authoritarianism) identification Were. At the end, suggestions such as reforming the structure of education and research in the university in order to institutionalize the components and indicators of the strategic intelligence model, creating fit and homogeneity between organizational structure, processes, strategy, staff, faculty, managers and university culture are presented. .

The purpose of this research was to foresee the development of human resources in the sports tourism industry. The current research was applied in terms of purpose, in terms of survey method. The statistical population of this research was made up of faculty members, human resource managers in the field of sports tourism, and sports tourism experts who formed a targeted sampling of 22 people using the snowball method. In-depth and semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. For this purpose, the researcher first reviewed the literature and theoretical foundations related to the sports tourism industry. Then, a semi-structured interview was conducted with experts to determine the factors (22 interviews were conducted until data saturation). In order to analyze the mutual effects, a researcher-made matrix questionnaire was used based on qualitative findings, and for data processing in the first part of the study, Delphi technique was used, and in the second part of the study, the interaction effects analysis was used with Mikmaq software. Finally, the financial stability of the government, political stability and the growth of human resources are influential variables. Government policy variables and demographic changes are influential variables. Variables of multi-skills, estimation of manpower, selection and recruitment of employees, continuous evaluation of human resources, healthy balance in work and life, quality of employer-employee relations and service compensation were identified as influential variables. The variables of training program and succession were identified as two-dimensional variables, and finally, the variables of security and investment of human resources, infrastructural factors (spatial environment), organizational convergence, information technology, legal environment of human resources, competence of human resources were identified as independent variables.

This research has been done with the aim of anticipating the management of asymmetric war in the field of defense of popular forces with a mixed approach. For this purpose, first, documents about asymmetric wars were collected and analyzed by content analysis method, and the factors of the model were identified and extracted. Then, the activists in the field of asym-metric wars were interviewed in relation to the obtained factors, and by combining the results obtained from the qualitative stage, a three-dimensional model for the management of asymmet-ric wars was obtained, and in the quantitative part, the dimensions and components of the model were tested by the structural equation model. The results of the research show that the dimen-sions of the model have adequate explanatory power. These dimensions include: structural fac-tors (information capabilities, equipment, training and military strength), behavioral/content factors (personal-psychological characteristics, management, the ability to create innovation in military operations, knowledge and awareness in the field of asymmetric wars) and environmen-tal/contextual factors (geographical location, social and cultural factors, economic factors, politi-cal factors) that are aimed at improving the management of asymmetric wars in People's forces have an impact in the field of defense.

In this article, a futuristic conceptual model of resistance based on the political thought of Martyr Soleimani was designed and explained so that the strategy of Islamic resistance in Martyr Soleimani's theory and practice is given serious attention in the second step of the Islamic revolution. Investigating what the concept of resistance is, its dimensions, the fields of resistance, the variables preventing resistance, the consequences and prospects of resistance, and presenting its conceptual model in the thought of Shahid Soleimani is one of the important axes of the futuristic conceptual model of resistance. The theoretical framework in research is foundational data theory. Based on this research, among the speeches left by Shahid Soleimani during the years 1990-1998, the conceptual model of resistance was examined. The hypothesis that this article deals with using the descriptive-analytical method is that "in explaining the conceptual model of resistance from the point of view of Martyr Soleimani in the second step of the Islamic Revolution of Iran, the indicators of resistance bases, the role of governments and Reference groups, people-centered resistance are considered to be one of the most important variables underlying resistance, and the presence of great powers, cultural attack, and wrong models of resistance are among the variables that prevent resistance. The findings of the research indicate that in the axis of resistance, the indicators of "defeat of American conspiracies in Iraq, victory of the axis of resistance, jihad, resistance movements in the region, creation of a culture of resistance and increasing the capability of resistance" have emerged with the focus of Martyr Soleimani.

The purpose of this research is the relationship between e-governance foresight and the organizational transparency of managers (case study: Saderat Bank of Tehran province). According to its purpose, the research method is applicable, and in terms of its implementation, it is mixed (qualitative-quantitative), with an exploratory nature. The statistical population of the research in the qualitative part includes 12 experts, including university professors, organizational consultants, and senior managers of Saderat Bank in Tehran province, and the sampling method is non-random snowball; and the statistical population in the quantitative part includes all the employees of Saderat Bank in Tehran province; 7170 people of which 365 were selected as a statistical sample based on the table of Karjesi and Morgan. The sampling method is simple random. To collect information in the qualitative part, interviews and research literature were used, and in the quantitative part, two questionnaires made by the researcher and taken from the qualitative part were used. SPSS and PLS software were used for analysis. The results showed that a total of 101 indicators and 6 dimensions were identified for the foresight of e-governance, along with 6 dimensions of organizational transparency of managers. All the components of e-governance foresight had a significant and positive relationship on the organizational transparency of managers, and thus, the proposed model was formed. The results of the test of the relationships between the variables of the e-governance foresight relationship model with organizational transparency of managers show that the independent variables have been able to predict a strong level of changes in the dependent variables, and finally all the relationships between the variables of the e-governance foresight relationship model with organizational transparency Managers are approved.

Human resources is considered one of the most important aspects of organizations as it has significant impact on performance. With the rapid growth of technologies and societal change, human resources has been influenced and has undergone rapid transformation. This study aimed to explore the entrepreneurial opportunities arising from the technological trends in the human resource ecosystem in Iran in the next 5 years. This exploratory mixed methods study was conducted using a quantitative-qualitative approach. First, 17 technological trends were identified in a literature search from over 40 sources. Then, a survey sought the opinions of 57 experts to priorities the trends. Then, semi-structured interviews with 21 technology and HR experts were conducted using MAXQDA software to extract 243 open codes for opportunities, which after synthesis led to 38 identified technology-based entrepreneurial opportunities, including developments such as interactive VR safety training platforms, AI-supported CV analyses and AI-based compensation systems. The identified opportunities are categorized into six key areas: talent acquisition, rewards, compensation and work experience, employee relations and risk management, HR information management, HR administration and shared services, talent management and development. The findings can assist entrepreneurs, employers, and HR professionals in recognizing and leveraging technology-driven opportunities in human resources.