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Selection and appointment of managers according to their qualifications is a factor in the success and continuity of organizations in societies. In Islamic countries, including Iran, managers should be selected according to their qualifications based on Islamic culture, principles and guidelines. The purpose of the research is to analyze the competences of the managers of the organizations according to the Islamic approach using the method of synthesis.

The research approach is qualitative and synthesis research. The statistical population was all internal and external researches related to the issue of managers' competence taken from databases in the period of "2010-2022" in the number of 170 articles, all the articles received were classified and screened during content analysis and 50 articles (8 external source and 42 internal sources) who met the conditions and criteria of the research were selected and studied as a statistical sample in the form of purposive sampling. In order to collect the required information, a researcher's checklist was made and used to report and record the information of primary researches, which was collected by searching with different keywords and related to the purpose of the research. In the analysis of the findings, Roberts' six-stage model of synthesis was used. In order to check the trustworthiness of the presented framework, four criteria of believability, transferability, reliability and confirmability were used.

The result of the analysis of the inductive and composite content of the research categories is the extraction of a conceptual framework in the field of managers' competencies around the four axes of personal and personality, value-belief, professional and managerial ethics.

The most extracted component in the dimension of competence is professional ethics, so that this main category has 21 subcategories, which indicates a very effective role in the dimensions of competence of managers of organizations.

Implementing an open innovation process in firms requires a capable entrepreneurial team because of its various problems and challenges. However, there has been little research on the impact of entrepreneurial teams on open innovation. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of personal and social characteristics of the entrepreneurship team on open innovation in Tehran information technology firms. In this quantitative research, a researcher-made questionnaire based on the literature review has been used for the analysis of the variables. The statistical population of the study was 3616 information technology firms in Tehran (10848 people in the form of entrepreneurial teams with an average of 3 people) of which 375 were selected as the sample. Findings showed that the personal and social characteristics of the entrepreneurial team have a significant and positive effect on open innovation. Entrepreneurial motivations have a mediating role in the relationship between personal and social characteristics of the entrepreneurship and open innovation team. Entrepreneurial motivation also moderates the relationship between the personal characteristics of the entrepreneurial team and open innovation, but it does not moderate the relationship between the social characteristics of the entrepreneurial team and open innovation.

Spectators are the most important group of audience in theater industry. Not only they are the main buyers and consumers of this artistic product, they can also cause the theaters and groups to continue their activities or close down. Considering the financial concerns of the managers and due to the fact that most of the chances of some private theaters in Tehran are empty, it is necessary to know the motivations of the spectators to attend the theaters. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of search and escape motives (personal and interpersonal) on the presence of spectators in theaters. The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of method. Based on non-random method, 407 spectators from the subscribers of “Tiwall” webpage in Tehran have been chosen and their answers to the questioners have been studied. To investigate the variables and hypotheses, SEM, SPSS and AMOS software was used. The findings indicated that personal and interpersonal seeking and personal escaping are effective on spectators’ attendance.

Entrepreneurship, as the most important weapon of economic development, has an important role in economic development and raising the level of capability of the country. The purpose of this study is to provide a model and strategy of effective factors in managing the development of women entrepreneurship in Iran. Because the main problem of underdeveloped countries in today's world is not the lack of financial and human capital Women in entrepreneurship should be considered as almost half of the effective human resources of the society.

In the present study, using the meta-combination technique, the findings of related internal and external studies were systematically examined by the seven-step method of Sandolowski and Barso. Out of 120 articles searched in this field, 70 selected articles based on which 22 factors affecting the management of women's entrepreneurial development were identified and extracted. Research

The present study was conducted with the aim of providing an effective model for explaining the factors affecting the management of women entrepreneurship development in Iran‌‌. Research Methods. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of data collection and survey group. Data analysis was performed qualitatively using content analysis and Delphi and MaxQuoda software and quantitatively by structural equation modeling measured using correlation and covariance, Demetel. The statistical population of the present study consists of 30 experts and professors in the qualitative section and in the quantitative section of senior human resources in the study area of ​​Tehran Municipality and its affiliated organizations, which is equal to 196 people. 

The research findings showed that the main factors of personal/personality dimension, economic/financial, cultural/social‌‌, ‌‌‌ political/administrative and 22 sub-concepts affect the development of women entrepreneurship ‌‌‌

‌‌‌Based on the results of research‌‌, ‌‌‌Individual characteristics can be considered as one of the most effective factors in the process of managing the development of women's entrepreneurship in Iran. It is suggested by compiling, implementing and supervising scientific programs for entrepreneurship development (up-to-date and effective) in any geographical location and living standard of the target community in Iran;  By raising the level of knowledge, attitude, motivation and entrepreneurial leadership of women with effective and efficient government support, the individual / personality factor can be considered as the most powerful factor in managing the development of women entrepreneurship in Iran.

With regard to the chaos and competitive environment of organization, managers do not have much time to control employees, hence, the most important competitive advantage in organizations, are motivated, conscientious, committed and belongs employees to the organization. Several factors such as individual factors and organizational factors as well as the consequences for the organization belonging precedence and are listed in different sources; The present study sought to evaluate the impact of individual and organizational factors on the organization belonging . This research is descriptive- survey, and on basis of purpose is applicable research. The statistical population is 480 employees of Kermanshah Province Gas Company that 288 persons were selected as sample. Path analysis (Structural Equation) was used to analyze the data. The test results showed that organizational factors (58/0 = β, 03/7 = t) and personal factors (31/0 = β, 05/4 = t) affect the organization belonging. It was also found that organizational factors have the most impact on the organization's dedication (95/0 = β, 49/6 = t).

the aim of this study is to evaluate the extent of personal and impersonalExperience of people encountering with organizational health of the Traffic police personnel in East Tehran police headquarter (Varamin). This Study is an applied research and uses descriptive method to collect data. The population includes all people over 18 years in the jurisdiction of East Tehran police headquarter, including two groups of people visiting specialized police and the public. Purposive sampling was used for the visitors to Police and systematic random sampling method was used for the public. The research sample size was 403 people. A questionnaire was used as a data collection instrument. In addition to calculating the descriptive indicators, inferential indicators were also calculated in data analysis. After collecting data, T-test, one-way ANOVA and multiple regression analysis were done using SPSS and Lisrelsoftwares. The results showed that all indicators of personal experience in East Tehran traffic police (Varamin) were higher than impersonal experience indicators.

The purpose of this paper is to validate conceptual frameworks for strategic and contingencies management development (MD). Based on The mixed (quantitative and qualitative) method, this research explains the relationship between MD programs and organization strategies, functional unit's structures and technology of services. To explain the model, we applied strategic reference points (SRP) theory. Sample of 180 senior managers from the top Iranian organizations (base on EFQM reward in Iran) contributes to this research. Path analysis approved the research model. Results identify four types of MD programs based on goals and methods of MD: Skill base MD, Knowledge base MD, Motivation base MD and Intuition base MD. Findings show the significant relation between types of MD programs and organization strategies, functional unit's structures and technology of services. But manager’s performance only affected by the alignment of strategy and structure with MD programs base on (strategic reference points) SRP.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between insurance occupational training on the one hand and entrepreneurial skills (personal, managerial and technical) on the other hand. The study also aimed to represent practical solutions to reinforce the occupational training of insurance companie's employees. This applied study used a descriptive survey method. The research population included all the 1600 employees of insurance companies in Isfahan in 2009. The sample size of this study was estimated at 301 persons through Cochran's formula and was chosen through Stratified random sampling. A researcher-made questionnaire with Cronbach's Alpha reliability coefficient of 0.84 was used to collect data. To test the research hypotheses, T-test for independent samples, T-test for paired samples and Kruskall-Wallis tests were used. The results showed that entrepreneurial skills of the insurance companies’ employees were different in terms of academic education and the beginning or in-service trainings. Also, the employee's personal and managerial skills in entrepreneurship were different based on the kind of their activity. However, no significant difference was observed among the employees’ technical entrepreneurial skills based on the kind of activity. Finally, it was revealed that no significant difference existed between the performance of trained employees whose majors were insurance management and employees whose majors were different in terms of entrepreneurial skills. The findings from this study indicate clear reasons for the importance of insurance employees’ occupational training in entrepreneurial skills.

This article deals with the alignment of personal and organizational goals in practical and operational way. The main research question includes "which is the suitable measuring model of personal and organizational goals alignment?" "Which are the most important personal and organizational goals in Statistical population of research?" And "How is the alignment of personal and organizational goals?" Statistical population of research is Esfahan Mobarakeh Steel Co. Data collection was document’Sinvestigation, in depth interview and in-person questionnaire and Survey-descriptive approach was our research methodology. Finally, a model for measuring alignment of personal and organizational goals is designed and according to research findings, some propositions to implement this model have been proposed.