physical

This research aims to explore the impact of touch concepts and tactile descriptive adjectives on customers' purchase intentions in both physical and online shopping environments. While some products can be accurately perceived through digital media, others may require a tactile experience. In today's market, products are available through virtual and physical stores, where the sense of touch or tactile alternatives plays a crucial role. The study utilized a correlational method and focused on customers of online and physical stores in Tehran. A total of 332 participants were randomly selected from both populations, and data was collected through questionnaires and analyzed using structural equation modeling. The findings indicate that six key factors related to touch concepts, such as product understanding, physical touch, virtual touch, touch experiences, customer's need for touch, and tactile perceptions, positively and significantly influence customers' purchase intentions. A comparison of the coefficients between the two groups revealed that product understanding and touch experiences were similar, while physical touch and customer's need for touch were more pronounced in physical store customers, and virtual touch and tactile perceptions were more prominent in online customers. This study sheds light on the importance of product touch in both online and physical retail settings for enhancing customer satisfaction.

The touch of the product plays an important role in the final decision of the customer when purchasing from physical and online retail, and the sensations that come to be enjoyed through touch enable them to experience the product from all angles. Therefore, considering the importance of touch, this research has investigated the lived experience of touching the product from the point of view of customers of physical and online stores. The following article is done with qualitative method and phenomenological paradigm. The research community is made up of electronic and clothing buyers from online and physical stores: Technolife, Adak, Havadar and Happyland in Tehran, and through semi-structured interviews, evidence was collected based on the purposeful sampling method. The interviews continued until reaching the theoretical saturation, and in this research, the interviews reached saturation with 15 people. Based on the extracted results, the main themes include; Product perception is physical touch, virtual touch, touch experiences, need for touch and touch perceptions. According to the results, managers of physical and online stores should provide conditions (such as the use of modern technologies) that touch and contact with the product happen to both groups of online and physical buyers so that they can buy products based on their needs and wants, and also this research can pave the way for the development of touch literature for researchers.

Nowadays, due to the increase in population in Iran, high-rise residential buildings are expanding and it brings the dissatisfaction of the residents. The mental image of residents of high-rise buildings can affect the residents' feelings about the environment. The current research is fundamental in terms of its purpose; Because it seeks to present a mental image model in the evaluation of tall residential buildings.

In this regard, first, using the descriptive-analytical method, the definition of the concept of residence and its investigation in high-rise residential buildings, as well as the mental image, are discussed. Then, with a quantitative approach and using a questionnaire, it is measured which factors and in what dimensions are effective on the mental image in measuring high-rise residential buildings. The research data collection method is a combination of library studies (theoretical) and field studies and surveys based on questionnaires.

In the first step, the physical and psychological factors affecting the residents' mental image were investigated and identified using exploratory factor analysis. Then, in the second step, recognition of the contribution of the set of factors in explaining the variance of each item (table of commonalities) was done, and finally, in the third step, the total value of explained variance was presented.

The obtained results show that the mental image in high-rise buildings needs to be evaluated in two physical and psychological dimensions, and since the residents are more sensitive to their living place than urban spaces, two partial dimensions and general are also added to the evaluation model. Therefore, according to the examination of different models of the mental image, Echner and Ritchie's model with a slight change and removal of the third spectrum is the most consistent with the goals of the mental image in the evaluation of high-rise residential buildings, why in the functional-general dimensions And a partial function is used to examine physical factors, and psychological-general and psychological-partial dimensions are used to examine psychological factors.

Terrorism is one of the organized crimes that, due to the lack of a comprehensive legal definition and the lack of a single procedure of the countries at the national and international level in the face of this crime, has faced the police missions with major challenges. In other words, in order to prevent the crime of terror and arrest the suspects before their destructive actions, on the one hand, the police should have special powers to collect evidence against the suspects of terrorist crimes, and on the other hand, these powers should not interfere with the international obligations of governments to respect fundamental rights. Violate humanity. This research deals with the calculation and comparison of the special powers of the police against the suspects of terrorist crimes in the legal systems of the Islamic Republic of Iran and the European Union.Research

The research method is practical in terms of purpose, and in terms of methodology, it is a qualitative research that collected the necessary data through documents and libraries and then analyzed the findings.

The findings of the research indicate that after numerous terrorist attacks in the territory of EU member states, the rights of the suspects of terrorist crimes have changed significantly.The author's

unlike the European Union in limiting the rights of suspects of terrorist crimes and granting special powers to the police, in the Islamic Republic of Iran; There are no separate regulations in this regard compared to the suspects of other crimes, and legislation is necessary to pass regulations on granting special powers to the police to remove obstacles and prevent arbitrary actions with the suspects of terrorist crimes.

The overcrowding in the school building make the importance of examining evacuation of students in the accident.  To this end, this paper  provide a simulation of human evacuation in a school sample (from school organization type maps, with 2 stories - and with 345 ) at the time of the accident. Pathfinder software was used for this purpose and the evacuation time for the above-mentioned school was 131 seconds. Since physical characteristics are considered as one of the most important factors affecting the duration of evacuation, therefore in this study two important physical factors including height and building length were evaluated.The results showed that with increasing of height of the building (3 floors and 516 users) the time increased by 66% to 217 seconds, which is unsafe and by increasing the height to 4 floors (687 users) this would increase by 135% to 307.8 seconds, which would create a dangerous situation. Installation of a separate emergency stair also reduced this time to just 249.5 seconds, which is not on the safe time. But increasing the length of the building (with 515 users) given that, unlike the height of the building, it has less impact on the density of the students (especially on the staircase) and it has a greater effect on reducing the duration of emergency evacuation (Compared to vertical expansion of the building). Therefore it is recommended that  If possible extend the building from the (horizontal) length  was considered.

The duties of university graduates in the field of marketing management are to present a strategic plan with a forward-looking perspective on consumer behavior as a model for empowering marketers and consumers in particular.

In this research paper, it is attempted to investigate the models of predicting consumer buying behavior with macro analysis in physical and virtual space. First, the rules and process of purchasing decision models, and then the formulation of a variety of decision models with the prevailing antimatter in the physical and virtual global competitive environment, with the help of interaction and exchange science and information science and technology.

In order to achieve the results of the research, by designing a questionnaire with a statistical population of 346 people and a five-point Likert scale with 5 subscales, also a questionnaire with Cronbach's alpha of 0.754, using SPSS statistical software and two statistical tests. Significance, standardization and appropriate fit of the selected questions model for the factors under investigation were confirmed by the LISREL Confirmatory Factor Analysis indices of 2.22 df / 2x.

For this purpose, the data of exploratory factor analysis using chi-square test with significance level of 0.000 and KMO index for sample adequacy is 0.765.

By using From equity statistics, And the matrix of agent rotation, two main factors with two-factor behavioral agents, and three-factor stimuli, with more than 63% of the variance were identified and extracted.

Today, one of the main factors in reducing efficiency and loss of manpower is burnout. In addition to the adverse physical effects, this problem also has adverse psychological effects. Burnout is affected by many factors such as organizational maturity, self-esteem of employees, etc. in the organization, each of which in turn can play an effective role in reducing and improving burnout. . Existence of organizational maturity reduces the ambiguity of the role of job and job adjustment, which in turn reduces job burnout. Self-esteem is also one of the important predictors of burnout. If the need for self-esteem is not met, broader needs such as the need for progress and understanding remain limited, and symptoms such as depression, anorexia nervosa, anxiety, violence, belligerent behaviors, and psychosocial withdrawal develop. . Therefore, considering the importance of reducing the rate of burnout through organizational maturity and raising self-esteem in employees, the purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between organizational maturity and employee self-esteem and its effect on reducing burnout.

Introduction &

Urban symbols as a significant element of the city are a valuable tool for introducing the identity of the city. Which can be a full-fledged mirror of the identity and culture of the city. Identity crisis has become a complication of urbanization, which is reflected today in chaotic cities devoid of cultural and social values. The use of symbols with specific religious concepts that express our historical, cultural and religious identity in urban spaces causes more communication between citizens and identification of city residents. The purpose of this study is to analyze the role of urban symbols in identifying a place in the city Is Semnan.

present study as an applied study is based on descriptive method of correlation type. statistical population of 185129 people in semnan city and sample size were 385 persons according to the cochran formula. to analyze the data and test the hypotheses, spss software has been used. in order to collect data and information, a questionnaire was constructed and the questionnaire was used in the sample of sample society (citizens)to assess the validity of the research tool by cronbach's alpha coefficient. Cronbach " s alpha coefficient on indices of measurement (901 / 0)is the validity of the research tool.

The findings of the study show that the symbol of the city in Semnan does not correspond to the beauty and appropriateness of the culture of the region. The equipment of the city symbol in the city of Semnan is not well done in terms of location.

Urban symbols can identify cities, provided that specialized people (architect, sculptor, urban planner) are used in its design and installation.

In this study, while measuring the satisfaction of the quality of the residential environment, it is tried to examine the feedback of Mehr housing policy in various dimensions, including the physical dimension of incompatibility and appropriateness of spatial features and the distance of these sites from the center. The city of Ardabil, which itself needs costly and long-term infrastructure, as well as the social problems of the Mehr Housing Project in Ardabil, which did not have a special social context due to its remoteness from the city. Attention has been paid to the social fabric of its inhabitants and the social damage caused to it, and it has lacked an urban identity.

The research method in this research is based on descriptive-analytical and survey method according to the nature of the work. The main focus of this research is applied. The statistical population is the residents of Mehr housing complexes in Ardabil. According to the Cochran's formula, 374 samples were selected and distributed based on simple random method.

The findings showed that the physical dimension with an average of 3.014 and the visual dimension with an average of 3.076 is optimal.

The results of the forthcoming research show that the level of satisfaction with the quality of Mehr housing has been evaluated at a moderate to high level. It should be noted that creating the necessary grounds for strengthening the participation of residents in managing the affairs of their residential neighborhood, creating grounds for strengthening social interactions and strengthening the sense of belonging to the place are effective aspects of increasing residential quality that should be given serious attention.

TThe purpose of this study was to investigate moderating effect of emotional load at relationship between workload and physical and psychological violence in the workplace. Research design was relational and the population was the employees of Iran's Polyacryl Company that 279 persons were selected through accessible sampling. The instruments used included the Workload Questionnaire (Van veldhoven & Meijman,1994; Van veldhoven & Met al,2005), Emotional load Scale (Van veldhoven,1994) and physical and psychological violence Questionnaire(Menard & Met al ,2011). Data were analyzed using the hierarchical regression and moderate analysis. The findings indicated that, their physical and psychological violence increases, when employees have high emotional load. Also moderating effect of emotional load at relationship between workload and physical and psychological violence in the workplace was confirmed. Based on the findings of the research, it is suggested to managers of organizations to reduce the workload of employees and their negative emotions.

Productivity has always been proposed as one of the fundamental aspirations of governments and an indicator to assess their performance. Achieving productivity, more than anything else, depends on the correct understanding of potential routes and the factors affecting it. In this paper was studied the effect of physical and mental health (government health-sanitary spending, the number of physicians and life expectancy) and entrepreneurship (registration of new companies) on the labor force productivity in 8 selected developing countries (including Iran) during the period of 2004-2012. To estimate the effects of the variables, the researchers used panel cointegration technique through Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS) approach. The regression results indicate that all the examined variables have positive and significant effects on the labor force productivity.

Experiences gained from the recent wars and their impacts on the political, military and economic independence of states and structure and organization of future wars in terms of technology necessitate making tactical measures and exercise appropriate policies, strategies and approaches. In order to succeed in such wars, among effective measures one may refer to planning for human force, particularly for the ground forces engaged in the battlefield. In line with this necessity, this study was an attempt to cast a light on those factors enhancing the performance of future infantry men and to explore their moral and physical characteristics as well as their weapons, equipment and training issues for a full-fledged defense. As an applied research in terms of purpose and run as a field and correlation study, this study was conducted following a related literature review, interview with authorities and encouraging a sample of commanders, experts and staff members from the general staff for the Iranian Armed Forces, General Staff for the Army and that of the Ground Force to fill out a likert scale-based questionnaire. The data were exposed to exploratory factor analysis and Friedman ranking test in a bid to test the respective hypothesis. The findings revealed that, in addition to the moral and physical characteristics, weaponry, equipment and training, and other parameters like equipment, internally empowering factors and basic trainings were identified as the performance enhancing factors, respectively.