spirituality

Defined as the ability to comprehend and interpret non-material aspects of the human soul, spiritual perception plays a crucial role in both the well-being of tourists and the effectiveness of tourism marketing. Therefore, tourism can provide proper grounds for experiencing such a perception. Accordingly, this study sought to identify the factors involved in tourists' spiritual perception. To this end, the study applied a meta-synthesis approach, systematically reviewing previous studies. Moreover, to ensure the comprehensiveness of the factors and their compatibility with the Iranian cultural context, expert opinions were collected through the Delphi method using snowball sampling. The data collection at this phase continued until theoretical saturation was achieved. According to the findings of the study, six main categories were found to have been involved in tourists' spiritual perception, including "Quality of Interactions", "Environment", "Historical and Cultural Heritage of the Destination", "Tourist's Presuppositions", "Low-ritual Travel", and "Development of the Tourist's Spiritual Intelligence", encompassing 46 sub-categories. Accordingly, spiritual marketers can set their strategies by focusing on and enhancing the abovementioned factors. Given the lack of established theories on spiritual marketing in tourism and its practical application, this study provides a comprehensive framework for identifying, classifying, and interpreting the factors affecting spiritual perception in tourism, thereby offering valuable insights for both marketers and future research.

Defined as the ability to comprehend and interpret non-material aspects of the human soul, spiritual perception plays a crucial role in both the well-being of tourists and the effectiveness of tourism marketing. Therefore, tourism can provide proper grounds for experiencing such a perception. Accordingly, this study sought to identify the factors involved in tourists' spiritual perception. To this end, the study applied a meta-synthesis approach, systematically reviewing previous studies. Moreover, to ensure the comprehensiveness of the factors and their compatibility with the Iranian cultural context, expert opinions were collected through the Delphi method using snowball sampling. The data collection at this phase continued until theoretical saturation was achieved. According to the findings of the study, six main categories were found to have been involved in tourists' spiritual perception, including "Quality of Interactions", "Environment", "Historical and Cultural Heritage of the Destination", "Tourist's Presuppositions", "Low-ritual Travel", and "Development of the Tourist's Spiritual Intelligence", encompassing 46 sub-categories. Accordingly, spiritual marketers can set their strategies by focusing on and enhancing the abovementioned factors. Given the lack of established theories on spiritual marketing in tourism and its practical application, this study provides a comprehensive framework for identifying, classifying, and interpreting the factors affecting spiritual perception in tourism, thereby offering valuable insights for both marketers and future research.

For a long time, conventional humanities did not include religious and spiritual concepts in its domain. During the recent decades, the number of management research conducted in the field of religion, sprituality and ethics in the world has increased significantly, which indicates a change in some theoretical orientations of this field. In Iran, parallel to the international environment, the production of management works centered on religion and ethics has increased. The purpose of this article is to examine the religious and spiritual researches produced in the international domain in the field of management and its relationship with the research conducted in Iran. Is there a conceivable relationship between these two streams (conventional knowledge flow and native knowledge flow)? Why conventional management has given scientific and scientific status to religious and spiritual issues? This research has used qualitative survey methodology to answer its questions. The statistical population includes all research related to this issue. For sampling, the diversity in selection was observed. To analyze the data, the reasoning method and enumeration of all possible logical possibilities is used. For this purpose, by proposing hypotheses, it raises the possible possibilities of tendency toward religious management and the publication of works in the West, and by proposing arguments, it examines the relationship between two conventional currents and the indigenous current. The results show that the possibility of paradigm change, the need to solve society's problems, pluralism for survival, political possibility (religious confrontation), the awakening of nature, the use of tools and the acquisition of authority are among the reasons for the tendency to increase religious and spiritual works in the West. This increase in Iran is due to solving issues and problems, explaining Islamic management, political reason, fad and imitation. As well, it seems that the tendency towards spiritual works in the West is a tool to deal with the original religious trend and a return to the individual and secular religion of the Renaissance period, which has been manifested in a new form.

Leadership has a special place in human life and seeks to create a potential force to inspire people to achieve individual and organizational goals. Today, the pursuit of perfection and the search for the meaning and concept of individual and organizational life is a subject that is very important for leaders and followers. Non- duality leadership draws the path of human perfection based on ontology, epistemology and progress in the worlds of being. This theory is a new concept in the field of organizational leadership that pursues human happiness in individual and organizational life. The purpose of this research is to conceptualize the theory of non- duality leadership. This research was identified, compiled and analyzed in terms of its objective, fundamental, and in terms of implementation method, with the method of systematic review and content analysis of various propositions related to the concept of non- duality leadership. EBSCO, SCOPUS, WIELY, SCIENCE DIRECT, PROQUEST, SPRINGER databases were used to identify the sources and finally 19 articles were selected from the total of 189 identified articles. As a result of aggregation and after the coding process, the coded propositions were categorized into six main categories of nature, factors affecting formation, characteristics, growth and excellence strategies, consequences and values.

The aim of this study was to design a qualitative model for the development of Islamic organizational citizenship behavior in Tax Affairs Organization in Iran. The statistical sample in the qualitative section included all university experts and experts in the field of management & psychology science, which was equal to 20 people. The research instrument consisted of researcher-made coding sheets whose validity was confirmed by Delphi group members and its reliability was calculated by P-Scott criterion of 0.95. Findings showed that the factors related to the model of the development of Islamic organizational citizenship behavior in Tax Affairs Organization in Iran related to the were identified in the form of 5 categories and 43 concept codes. Strategies (3 categories), contextual conditions (2 categories), intervening or mediating conditions (3 categories) and consequences (2 categories). In general, it can be concluded that using the findings of the study, it is possible to formulate comprehensive and diverse programs of development of Islamic organizational citizenship behavior in Tax Affairs Organization in Iran in "macro", "medium" and "operational" strategies to develop political culture in Communication & culture organization. To be obtained in the country.

The essence of the policy can be analyzed from different aspects. From one point of view, the policy can be defined as a "right choice and decision". Therefore, the prescriptive and judgmental aspect of every policy is considered as one of its important and inseparable components. According to this importance, the thinkers of this field have presented different conceptual models based on their normative support as the ideal model for choosing one or a set of policies. The important issue of the current research is that the Islamic Revolution still suffers from the production and application of prescriptive models of native policy, considering its distinctive coordinates in wide areas. Considering such concerns, the following article tries to analyze the statements and letters of the supreme leader in this field with an exploratory approach and using the method of thematic analysis. The results of this research indicate that the trinity of "Spirituality, Rationality and Justice" is the foundation of the formation of such a model. From the point of intersection of the elements of these triangles, 9 sub-dimensions are "determination of roles for the people", "public interest and rights", "scientific capacity to solve problems", "cohesion and national ties", "explanation of the conflict ground", "regulation and law", " Super active conflict strategy, "Jihad" and "Islamic duties" have been produced.These aspects have the possibility and capacity to follow the path of the 3 prescriptive arms of "People's Organization", "Legal Structures" and "Scientific Organization" and ultimately they follow the "just authority" of the country.

Context: 

In today's era, organizational success requires a change in functions, especially a change in management styles and its management, among which the role of spiritual leadership is very prominent, so that people enthusiastically carry out their activities. To achieve organizational goals.The goal is to identify, explain and develop the style of spiritual leadership from the perspective of the Qur'an, so that it can help the training and perfection of human capital in organizations.

This research used inductive qualitative content analysis method, ijtihad method and interpretation method to collect information and analyze data.

Spiritual leadership with a Quranic approach has 5 categories: vision, altruism, hope and faith in work, organizational commitment and productivity, for which 25 verses have been extracted from the Quran.

Spiritual leadership is important from the perspective of the Quran and its presence in the organization motivates people and leads to spirituality in the goals of the organization.

Islamic mysticism, which is based on true love and beauty, can be manifested in Islamic art, including Islamic architecture and urban planning. This mystical love and manifestation, which is rooted in the beauty of God, is emphasized in the Shia verses and traditions and the literature and poems of Muslim mystics. Islamic mysticism and the mystical manifestation of divine love in Islamic architecture and urban planning have characteristics such as spirituality, a manifestation of heaven, unity and plurality, comforting, harmony and diversity. The fact that urban planning and contemporary cities modeled after western urban planning do not have much affinity with Islamic mysticism, love and beauty. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to explain the basics and characteristics of Islamic architecture and urban planning from the perspective of Islamic mysticism, which is done with the method of descriptive research and content analysis of texts and logical reasoning with an interdisciplinary and qualitative approach. From the perspective of Islamic mysticism, based on the holy verse "God is beautiful and loves beauty", Islamic architecture and urban planning can manifest an image of heaven in Islamic cities. The manifestation of mysticism with the characteristics of spirituality, unity and plurality, hierarchy, Islamic geometry and respect for nature is manifested in places such as mosques, tombs, Iranian gardens and Iranian houses

This study, Conducted in order to investigate the role of religious culture and spirituality to the Entrepreneurship behaviors and business development space in Iran. The method conducted in this study is library literature one. In terms of the way of conducting, At First Phase, the researcher has analyzed and interpreted the data gathered. Descriptive method has been used to analyze the data of this study. In Next, the research problem were presented, and concept and components of religious culture and spirituality and then Entrepreneurship behaviors and business development space were identified, and finally the pattern of the Entrepreneurship behaviors and business development space on base of religious culture and spirituality, were presented. In general, it can be concluded that using the findings of the study, it is possible to formulate comprehensive and diverse programs of Entrepreneurship behaviors and business development space in Iran that is established on base of religious culture and spirituality represented formulas and rules in "macro", "medium" and "operational" strategies to develop Entrepreneurship behaviors and business development space in Iran.

The main purpose of this research was to test the conceptual model between political behaviors and hypocritical behaviors with the mediation of spirituality in secondary school teachers of Mamsani city. In terms of nature and content, the research method was a correlational descriptive research. The statistical population of this research was all 284 secondary school teachers in Mamsani city, of which 284 were selected as a sample using Morgan's table and simple random sampling method. The tools of data collection were standard questionnaires of hypocritical behaviors (Danaei Fard et al.; 2013), Dobrin's political behaviors (1978) and Hall Edwards spirituality (1986). Inferential statistical methods of Pearson's correlation coefficient, regression analysis and path analysis were used in SPSS21 and PLS statistical software. The results of this research showed that there is a significant relationship between political behaviors and hypocritical behaviors through spirituality and the results of the research show He said that the conceptual model of political behaviors with hypocritical behaviors through spirituality and strategic thinking has a suitable fit.

The aim of the current applied, descriptive and correlational study was to investigate effected factors on development of Islamic organizational citizenship behavior in Tax Affairs Organization in Iran. The research population comprised 2500 employees in Tax Affairs Organization in Iran out of whom a sample 322 was randomly selected, based on Morgan Table, to participate in the study. The research data were collected using a researcher-made five-point level Likert scale questionnaire comprising 3 factors and 48 items tapping the participants’ responses were. Therefore, 350 questionnaires were distributed among members of the target population. Having distributed and collected the questionnaires, we analyzed descriptively and inferentially. Descriptively, features like absolute and relative frequency, mean, standard deviation and variance of background and main variables were estimated. Inferentially, correlational tests, multiple regression and spirman used indicated that spirituality, social responsibility; religiosity had a significant effect on development of Islamic organizational citizenship behavior in Tax Affairs Organization in Iran.

This period can be considered as the era of special attention to spirituality. An era in which, despite the increasing spread of new technologies, there is a growing need for spirituality.According to research conducted in different societies, spirituality and religiosity have a positive effect on the quantitative and qualitative performance of individuals, so the study of these categories is very important. Although "religiosity" and "spirituality" are similar in many respects, they are different in some respects. The components of the difference between the two, although small, are of great importance. Spirituality includes religiosity, so although spirituality is inherent in human beings, there are also differences between spiritual man and religious man. On the other hand, education, type and amount, educational environment, managers and teachers of spirituality and religiosity are also effective on the amount and type of religiosity and spirituality. , Tries to determine the components of spirituality and religiosity in adolescents as the future makers of an independent, self-sufficient, dignified and cultured society.

Policy-making is the focus of attention and one of the organizational priorities. This research presents a model for the implementation of cultural policy in relation to organizational culture with the mediating role of spirituality in student mobilization and teachers in province.This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive correlation in terms of quantitative data. The statistical population of the study is 21,496 people, all staff and managers of student mobilization and professors in Kerman province, of which 472 people were considered as a random sample according to Morgan's table. Data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity was confirmed by experts and confirmatory factor analysis and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbachs alpha calculation and by structural and soft equation modeling.Amos software was analyzed The results showed that there is a significant and positive relationship between cultural policy and organizational culture.Discourse, empowerment, retraining, national unity have a positive effect on organizational culture.The results of this research are comprehensive and in accordance with other researches and have been done for the first time in the Basij community. Also, the status of each variable was determined by one sample t test

Spirituality is an unlimited spiritual talent that flourishes in connection with God. Spirituality means secret and need with God, spirit, thought and sincerity, relying on the element of faith and firm and stable belief, in order to prepare for the field of action and struggle and confronting the enemies of the Islamic Revolution, the result of which is insight. The main goal of the research is to explain organizational spirituality from the perspective of the Supreme Leader. Researchers who have investigated the foundations of spirituality have used western researches to explain spirituality. For this reason, the development of this approach to Islamic societies is not correct. Organizational spirituality is considered one of the main elements in the armed forces, and its explanation based on the Supreme Leader's point of view can be of great help to decision-making commanders and managers to assess the situation of the armed forces of the Islamic Revolution. In order to explain organizational spirituality, the method of data-based theory based on the statements of the Supreme Leader was used. The keyword of spirituality was investigated among the armed forces as the studied organization. Focus group and Delphi were used for validation. The results of the analyzes showed that organizational spirituality has the nature of spirituality, organizational excellence, the consequences of spirituality, preservation of spirituality and anti-spirituality, which is effective in the environment of the Islamic Revolution. The nature of spirituality shows sincerity, faith, piety, insight, self-improvement, moral virtues, struggle, knowledge, stewardship, perseverance, connection with God and divine help. Organizational excellence includes loyalty, pragmatism, organization, human capital management, organizational identity and trust. The consequence of organizational spirituality includes revolutionary ideals, success and progress, justice, companionship of God, and material and spiritual authority. Based on the results of the research, spirituality is a way to refine the soul, by following God's goals and respecting moral values ​​and virtues in order to connect with God, the Blessed and Exalted, perfecting the human being and achieving knowledge and insight.

The aim of this study was to identify the conceptual components of organizational intelligence in Lorestan education based on qualitative research and content analysis. Content information of organizational intelligence was collected in two steps: First, the research background of existing theories about organizational intelligence was comprehensively reviewed.Then, 15 educational management experts were interviewed and their opinions about organizational intelligence were recorded. Content analysis of research background and theories identified 9 components of organizational intelligence, namely, interpersonal communication, environmental compatibility, technology system, information system, knowledge management, strategic management, leadership in the organization, individual characteristics of intelligence and financial and infrastructure facilities of the organizationFrom the content analysis of interviews with experts 18 components of effective environmental classes, interpersonal interactions, cyberspace, lifelong learning, knowledge presentation, infrastructure, central issue, economic issues, organizational culture, organizational management, organizational purposefulness, organizational belonging, organizational justice, Spiritual intelligence, member encouragement, importance of education, wisdom and research were identified. The unique finding of this study, which was seen in interviews with experts, was the spirituality that should be considered in the study of organizational intelligence in education.

In Imam Khomeini's system of thought, morality and spirituality have the highest place. At the peak of his intellectual system in various fields are moral and spiritual issues. Accordingly, on the eve of the fortieth anniversary of the Islamic Revolution, in order to achieve Islamic civilization, the Supreme Leader issued a statement on the second step of the Islamic Revolution, which is a big picture of the past, present and future of the Islamic Revolution; One of the important recommendations is spirituality and ethics, which according to studies, is the basis of jihadi management. For this reason, the main purpose of this study is to explain the jihadi management of Shahid Shoushtari in the southeast of the country by emphasizing spirituality and ethics based on the second step statement. This research is of applied, developmental type and its method is historical and analytical. The statistical sample size of the research is 74 people. The method of data collection is field and library, which is done by in-depth analysis of theoretical foundations and then in the form of a questionnaire using a mixed approach to standardization and localization of these factors based on the second step statement. Based on the results of the research, 24 effective and role-creating factors in the direction of jihadi management with emphasis on spirituality and ethics were counted.

The purpose of this research is to "investigate the relationship between spirituality and social responsibility in higher education centers". The research method is descriptive-survey and correlation type. The statistical population includes all the employees of the State University of Ilam city, whose number is 570. Using Morgan's table, 226 people were selected as a sample. The sampling method is simple random. The data collection tool was a standard spirituality questionnaire and a researcher-made social responsibility questionnaire, the convergent validity and reliability of its structure were calculated using confirmatory factor analysis, and it was also approved by expert professors, and its reliability was obtained using Cronbach's alpha of 0.92. which indicates the confirmation of the reliability of the questionnaire. The results of the research, which were analyzed using Lisrel 8.53 software and at a confidence level of 95%, showed that spirituality has a positive and significant effect on social responsibility. Also, spirituality has a positive and significant effect on the dimensions of social responsibility, i.e. economic, national, legal and moral.

Spirituality and morality are among the real components of human life that have played an essential role in his well-being and morality-oriented and spirituality-oriented human beings, in objectifying these components in human societies, They have played the most effective role. One of the irreplaceable and influential personalities of history in this field is Imam Ali (AS), whose enlightened life is the objective interpreter of the highest level of spirituality and moral virtue of human beings in all fields, especially in the field. He was a military commander and the main purpose of the present study was to analyze the components of spirituality and morality in the biography of his military command. Based on this goal, the main question of the research is "What are the components of spirituality and ethics in the biography of Imam Ali (AS) military command" They need to be collected and then analyzed by textual content analysis. The results of the research show that; The most central point of gravity of spirituality and morality is based on the belief in God Almighty, and according to this original belief, the spiritual principles of the Commander of the Faithful (pbuh) in the field of military command, God-centeredness, resurrection and guardianship, which are self-generating. The principles of monotheistic ethics are the most important of which are sincerity, rights and justice.

Despite conducting various researches in the field of organizational spirituality, there is still no precise and acceptable definition of it and its dimensions and characteristics depend on the perspective used. Organizational spirituality is examined from three perspectives: individual spirituality, workplace spirituality and organizational spirituality. Spirituality can also be considered from a religious point of view. The present study identifies a comprehensive concept of organizational spirituality in the field of management based on the terms and concepts used in the literature in this field.

A systematic review of the literature using articles that use terms related to organizational spirituality in their titles, abstracts, or keywords was conducted at Scopus and Web of Science databases and respectively, 285 and 168 articles were found. Extracted articles were analyzed using VOSviewer software. Research

The results included two clusters: organizational spirituality and workplace spirituality. Cluster analysis shows that there is room for research on spirituality in the workplace and gaps in organizational spirituality studies in the field of management. The proposed concept for organizational spirituality is an organizational identity that derives from the values, practices and discourse that govern it, which consists of individual spirituality and spirituality in the workplace, is led by the leader and other members and is influenced by the environment, organizational culture and knowledge management. This spirituality produces social value and benefit that can be seen in the vision, mission and values of the organization.

The main limitation is related to the using method, especially software, search and scan options in databases and papers.

Defining spirituality in this way makes social value and benefit that can be seen in the image, vision, mission and values of the organization.

This study categorizes the existing literature on organizational spirituality in a way that has not been used in papers in this field so far and offers a more complete concept of organizational spirituality.