تربیت سیاسی

The aim of this study is to present a model of political education from the perspective of Muslim and non-Muslim scholars. The research method is qualitative, utilizing a deductive content analysis approach that analyzes the philosophical foundations of political education through a descriptive-interpretive approach. The statistical population in this study includes the content analysis of all books and resources written on the subject of political education. The sampling method is purposive sampling. In this research, credibility criteria were used to examine validity, and reliability criteria were used to assess reliability. The results obtained from the open or initial coding of the political education thoughts of Muslim philosophers indicate that 38 initial concepts were extracted through open coding. After determining open codes and central categories, selective coding was pursued. The results of this coding indicated that the political education thoughts of Islamic philosophers are based on epistemological political education, participation-oriented, Sharia-based, justice-centered, and unity-centered principles. Subsequently, the results from the open or initial coding of the political education thoughts of non-Muslim philosophers indicate that 43 initial concepts were obtained through open coding. After determining open codes and central categories, selective coding was pursued, revealing that the political education thoughts of non-Muslim philosophers are based on enlightening political education, will-oriented, and society-centered principles. Overall, referencing these results can be a significant and effective step towards elucidating a model of political education in the educational system, allowing students to be educated with a focus on political values.

Making a new Islamic civilization Is a wanted and claimed that supreme leader delineates it as end process of Islamic society evolution. But reaching that level of evolution needs introductions that this article wants to explain it. Then the main purpose of this article is explaining the base of new Islamic civilization by frame of epidemic of political training among the people of society that need to preparation the intellectual and experimental bases for making civilization. For this aim, we need to explain the backgrounds of cultural, historical and religious values and obstacles that origin from internal mentality and external problems.

This research by method of descriptive-analytic and by prioritizing the political training on the frame of phases of symbolic, descriptive, deductive, theorizing and institutionalizing has been studied and explained it's backgrounds and obstacles. For do so, we are gathered data from main and reliable resource then analyzed them to explain the hypothesis that: the main instrument of making the new Islamic civilization is political training that will be obtain by descripting and deducting the Islamic symbols, theorizing and institutionalizing by relying those descript and deduct.

This article shows that the main direction to reach on making new Islamic civilization is building society by relying on comprehensive political training among people and must be go through this process:To recognize the Islamic symbols that have been flowed in Shi'ite society. These symbols are the base of intellectual and practical actions between Iranians.To descript those symbols and repeat them among people to become part of belief them. Description the what exist is themain step to recognizing our identity and bases of Islamic and historical values. Descript is explain the symbols, all what are there, necessities, and even criticize the available conditions.To deduct on scientific basis is the step more than descript. In this phase, university professors and scholars of Hawzah must be get involved in providing the introductions of political training and making the new civilization.; the most important step that will be after the preparation the people and pundits. Theorizing by giving meaning to the world make it understandable and optimal to the people.Institutionalizing is the end and most important step in making new civilization. Institutionalizing by relying on previous step can be informal/subjective or formal/objective. It also can be based on exist conditions that origin from internal or external matters.These processes have the backgrounds that origin from internal culture, history and religious believes; main of them is background of Iranian and Islamic civilized history. But it has been encounters with external problems that shown on the face of western fixed civilization. This civilization by relying on individualism, utilitarianism and profiteering is besieging the mental of Iranians and give direct of them practice.

In the view of this article, civilization is a credit and abstract matter that request of it is will of elites, leaders and rulers. Then, making civilization is relying on making the society that people moody by political training. Political training is necessary equip with introduction of intellectual, historical, cultural and environmental conditions. If society of Iran is to want to founding the new civilization must attention on political training by descripting and deducting on Islamic/Shi'ism symbols, populating them and ancient Iran symbols that are accordant with Islamic teaching, to theorizing on what are in Iran society, findings of Iranian scholars, and acquisition the modern and western conceptions and factors, then must found informal and formal institutions that accord with new Islamic civilization. Eventually, this matter has not been realized except not only it's pre-existing visual evidence (symbols and institutions) but also what borrowed cases in the frame of native subjectivity and knowledge, but accordance with new circumstance and area of globalization, be descriptive, explain and theorized so that be produce or reproduce new institutions with Islamic proportional functions.

One of the significant topics within the realm of civil society is citizenship rights, the education of which to children is of great importance. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of citizenship education in nurturing citizens and its impact on political development. The method of this research is content and library analysis and is applied in purpose. Citizenship education and the nurturing of good citizens are policies that governments pursue today through the educational system. Citizenship rights consist of fundamental beliefs and information that learners must know and apply to be responsible and effective citizens in a democracy. Therefore, by studying the concepts of citizenship rights, students can become empowered in pursuing their individual and social rights and, with a correct understanding of citizenship rights and duties, can regulate their demands in society, and assess and monitor the government's behavior in providing and guaranteeing various citizenship rights to facilitate the realization of a rights-based, lawful society (civil society) and political development.

Political education in the political system derived from religion consists of the fundamentals, principles and goals that religious texts play in the formulation of it. The goals of political education are related to goals that are related to the administration and guidance of the society, and because it is derived from religious sources, it is in the Islamic context. The goals of political education with an Islamic approach can be viewed from the various angles. The study of the goals of political education according to the age groups of individuals is more practical. In this framework, the goals of political education are initiated from non-political affairs, and then they lead to more than a few stages of this, and with the sentimental sophistication of the Sunni individual, the goals of political education are also directly political and deeper stages. In the Islamic worldview, the community is the place where the person is raised, and his achievement is through cooperation and co-operation. The perspective of political education in the Islamic system is divided into three axes: familiar with the values ​​and norms and its stabilization in the presence of the individual, which takes place in childhood and adolescence. Involving a person in political activities according to the true aspirations and desires of this stage in a young age. You have the responsibility and coherence in managing and directing the community towards the benefits, which can be achieved mainly at the time of adulthood. In this article, Sunni features are mainly embedded in empirical sources and have been used to determine the political goals of a Sunni age from religious sources.