governance

The state institution in Iran has often failed in creating normalized, law-abiding subjects. More specifically, the state in Iran has been confronted with incomplete mechanisms of legitimate force on the one hand, and on the other hand, it has been unable to produce normalized subjects as an outcome of the conflict among competing truth regimes (Iranian nationalism, Islamism, and Westernization). Therefore, the objective of this article is to examine the reasons behind the state’s failure in constructing and creating normalized subjects. Centering on the concept of governmentality as a later thought of Foucault, the article aims to analyze the institution of the state in contemporary Iran pathologically. This study employs the process-tracing method, a case-study technique based on the premise that explaining a particular phenomenon, such as the pathology of the state in Iran, necessitates a step-by-step examination of a series of causes leading to the effect. Thus, our main effort in the methods section is to delineate the causal mechanism underlying the inefficacy of the state in Iran. The findings indicate that subject-formation and the creation of normalized subjects, as the sole path to exercising legitimate power in the modern era, play an essential role in the formation and persistence of the state institution in Iran, characterized by the rule of law. Therefore, any disruption in the subject-formation process should be interpreted as a deficiency in the state's mechanisms of power and recognized as a vulnerability of the state institution. The conclusion of this article is that the tension among truth regimes in Iran has led to the state’s inability to produce normalized subjects, and the outcome of this deficiency in normalized subjectivity is state inefficacy.

modern governance in developing countries has a special place in policies related to the granting of aid in order to establish and institutionalize civil society. The purpose of this research is to identify the effective and influential factors of modern governance based on the functions of artificial intelligence in the police command of the Islamic Republic of Iran.

This research is applied in terms of purpose and mixed (qualitative and quantitative) in terms of method. The research community is made up of experts in related fields and managers of high, middle and operational levels in the artificial intelligence and information technology department in the police command. A. A. They form Based on the criterion of theoretical saturation, 17 people were used in a targeted way and 16 managers were used in a small part. The data was collected by semi-structured interview and analyzed using MaxQuda software and DeMetal method.

In the present study, 367 indicators (open code), 121 components (core code) and 27 dimensions (selective code) were obtained, which were presented in the paradigm model (Strauss and Corbin) including 6 selective codes.

In the quantitative part, using the Dimtel method, it was found that among the identified dimensions, social factors, political strategies, institutionalization of religious rituals, cultural factors, time management, motivational factors, qualification and optimization, environmental conditions, ethical behaviors, individual ethics, structural factors. , risks of governance by artificial intelligence, laws and regulations, empowerment, modeling of roles, expanding the central role of managers, infrastructure, creativity and innovation, economic factors, ethical interactions, teamwork, technology, transparency, public and social services, separating management from political issues, environment Kari and globalization were respectively the most influential indicators.

If we consider governance as leaving the one-dimensional view of the government as the most important element in politics and entering the field of better interaction between the government and society, it will mean that governance is more focused on processes than on structures. Focusing on processes is associated with more attention to people and society and tries to move the flow of politics from the level of society to political and legislative structures. Discussing cooperation and cooperation, fostering social virtues, organizing and paying attention to social satisfaction are important elements of governance in this sector that increase the power of society against the government. Farabi is a thinker who believes that the realization of utopia is not possible without social cooperation and without strengthening social virtues, and it can even be said that while paying attention to the empowerment of the society, the formation of a strong society is not possible without the creation of a strong government. Therefore, it is considered a desirable option in Islamic political philosophy to measure the relationship between governance and political philosophy. The present study tries to discuss the relationship between political philosophy and governance in Farabi's views.

Today, various approaches have been proposed in the field of urban management, of which good urban governance is one of the most prominent. Governance is an alternative to traditional management and governance methods. In this regard, the present article has tried to identify and cluster the obstacles affecting the realization of good urban governance in Tehran metropolis with the method of structural analysis. Theoretical data was prepared by document method and experimental data by survey method based on Delphi technique. The statistical population was 20 urban experts based on purposeful sampling. 50 factors in 8 dimensions of transparency, accountability, public participation, effectiveness, consensualism, legality, responsibility and justice have been processed by structural interaction analysis method in MICMAC software. The results of the research from the analysis of mutual effects indicate the dispersion of barriers in a complex and intermediate situation of effectiveness and effectiveness; The obstacle clustering system indicates the concentration of effective and dual obstacles (risk and goal obstacles). The factors of concealment and lack of transparency in the hidden and open decision-making of city managers, the low level of honesty of the officials, the lack of awareness of the citizens about the plans and decisions of the municipality, the lack of transparency in the policies of the municipality's income and expenses, the lack of coherence and Weakness of the legal order in the laws and regulations related to the control and guidance of urban development, lack of trust and ambiguity in the accountability of city officials, weakness of the municipality's performance in the process of planning, decision-making and action, fragmentation in management and decision-making within the municipality, non-implementation Regulatory rules and regulations, control by the relevant authorities, resistance to admit mistakes and management mistakes among city officials, lack of continuous participation of the municipality in solving urban problems, unequal treatment of illegal activities in the municipality, weakness in fulfilling promises. Given by the municipal officials, the lack or weakness of public supervision and sectoral approach and the lack of systemic approach to the city administration have the most direct impact on the non-realization of good governance in the metropolis of Tehran.

Today, moving towards smart cities is not only a reality, but a necessity in order to solve the current problems of urbanization, including in the city of Ahvaz, which is full of problems. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to analyze the realization of the smart city from the perspective of the macro components of such cities. This article is considered among applied-developmental researches. It is question-oriented and it has been done in a document-library and survey form; in an exploratory way using the exploratory factor analysis method, Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Shapiro-Wilk tests; And a sample t-tech test and Friedman's rating test have been done in response to the research questions. In order to collect descriptive data, library and documentary studies were used, and survey method and questionnaire tool were used to collect analytical data. The statistical community of the research included academic experts. The sampling method was a two-stage cluster. ; Finally, 142 samples were selected. The final content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by the opinion of the professors, after some corrections, and the Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.878 for the entire questionnaire showed the desirability and acceptability of the reliability of the questionnaire. For the quantitative content validity of the questionnaires, 10 experts, familiar with Ahvaz metropolis, and the relative coefficient of content validity (CVR) method were used. Kendall's W test (Kendall's correlation coefficient) was used to measure the credibility of the questionnaires and how reliable it is. Based on the findings of the research, the situation of the metropolis of Ahvaz is not suitable in terms of the macro components of the formation of smart cities in the current situation.

Seyyed Qutb (1966-1906)'s idea to create an Islamic society and civilization is associated with challenges, the nature of whichs is the subject of this research. The method of data collection in this study is a documentary study and the information has been reviewed and critiqued by the method of "description and analysis". Based on the findings of this study, Seyyed Qutb's civilization thought is based on two pillars: 1) the division of societies into Islamic and ignorant and the denial of the existence of an actual Islamic society, and 2) the development of the concept of monotheism to monotheism in the rule and implementation of Sharia. Accordingly, he believes that spiritual excellence is sufficient to create an Islamic society and that there is no need for material progress. But this view faces serious challenges. Including: First: calling all existing societies ignorant and uncivilized is against justice and historical facts and causes conflict. Secondly, making monotheism conditional on the application of the Shari'a is contrary to the teachings of the Prophet (PBUH) and is unprecedented in the Islamic tradition, which in the end will be nothing but takfir and war with all Muslims and non-Muslims.Third: The denial of the necessity of material progress for the Islamic society is also due to his dual thinking towards Western civilization, which on the one hand attacks Western civilization and on the other hand, allows the indiscriminate acceptance of Western experimental sciences.

The smart cityis an innovative city with sustainable economicdevelopment, quality life and equipped withmodern infrastructure in whichservice, economic, social and governance processes will be carried out accurately, quickly and easily. The purpose of this study is spatial analysis of urban smart city indicators in Zahedan. According to the objectives of the research, the type ofresearch is applied and the research method is descriptive-analytical.The method of data collection and information is documentary and survey.Since the spatial analysis of smart city indicators is also a multi-criteria decision-making problem, therefore, in the present study, the Vikor multi-criteria decision-making model as well as the pairwise weighting with the hierarchical analysis model Fuzzy (FAHP) has taken place.The results of one-sample t-test showed that the indicators of smart city in Zahedan are all below the desired average (3)and are in an unfavorable situation. Smart Dynamics Index with an average of 2.832, Smart People Index with an average of2.809, Smart Life Index with an average of2.755, Intelligent Environment Index with an average of2.769 and Smart Governance Index with an average of 2.887are all in an unfavorable situation.The results of Vickor model also show that region1 with a weight value of 0.087 is in the first priority. In other words, this region is in the best condition in terms of smart city indicators.Zone 2 with a weight of 0.165 is in the second priority, Zone5with a weight of0.324 is in the third priority, Zone with a weight of 0.787 is in the fourth priority and Zone 4 with a weight of 0.857 is in the last priority.The results show that the areas of Zahedan city are in an unbalanced situation in terms of smart city indicators and in thi regard, the five areas of the city are very different from each other.Keywords: Spatial Analysis, Smart City, Zahedan City.

Talking of the governance structure of the public sector in the political economy of Islam, we mean the way we organize public choices. The governance structure of the public sector in conventional political economy has been based on democracy. In a democratic governance structure, the public choice problem occurs mainly out of cognitive and motivational problems. The cognitive problem happens due to insufficient knowledge of voters of candidates and low level of professionality in candidates. The motivational problem is rooted in the conflict of private and regional interests with public interests. In Islamic governance structure of the public sector in Islam, we could reduce the problem of public choice by relying on a system of Velaie governance.  In a Velaie governance structure, reliance on the Taqva (purity) of public governors and the management of a just pure Faqih and a professional legal system reduces the cognitive and motivational problems. The important thing is how to design institutions in a Velaie governance structure so that we could reduce public choice problems. In this vein, we could construct the pubic governance structure in Iran by applying advices such as the construction a professional parliament and setting some rules and structures for insuring stability in public choices.

Many studies have been done on government from the perspective of the Qurchr('39')an. But there is less research on the emerging concept of governance, its model and its main components. Therefore, the main purpose of this article was to identify the general model of governance from the perspective of the Holy Quran. The method used in this report is the method of “Thematic Interpretation Methods of the Quran”, according to which after specifying the subject and finding the appropriate keyword, the relevant Ayahs were examined based on it. After the initial review, the word “Tabaeit” was chosen, which basically refers to “to follow”, and this meaning was very close to the central concept of governance. Hence, “Tabaeit” became the main keyword of this study. In reviewing the Ayahs, a normative approach was avoided in order to draw clearer implications for governance by paying attention to Qurchr('39')anic presuppositions and descriptions. Finally, the results of the research were presented as a model of governance in the Holy Quran in three axes of “follower”, “following” and “to follow”, which are the pillars of “Tabaeit”.

In this study, we deal with the political system in Islam, which is represented in the rulership of God and his validity for legislation. On its necessity as a prelude to exporting the Islamic revolution to the whole world.