copper(ii)

New complexes, [LCuX2] (X = Br or Cl) and [LZnCl2], incorporating the N-(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)butan-2-amine ligand (L), were successfully synthesized and characterized. The complexes were obtained in high yield through a straightforward reaction between the ligand and metal halide. Detailed characterization using FT-IR, UV-Vis spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and the density functional theory (DFT) calculation confirmed the coordination of ligand to the copper(II) center and revealed distorted square planar geometry of the complexes. [LCuBr2] complex exhibited a notable solvatochromic effect, with its solution changing color from green to blue-green depending on the polarity of the solvent. This phenomenon was attributed to solvent molecules interacting with the vacant axial sites of the copper center along with the structural changes. Additionally, the complex displayed halochromism in aqueous solution, where the d-d transition band shifted to higher energy with increasing pH due to the deprotonation of the secondary amine group of the ligand.Furthermore, the complex demonstrated thermochromism in high-boiling-point solvents such as DMSO and DMF. Upon heating, the solution changed color from green to blue, likely due to substituting coordinated bromide/chloride with solvent molecules. This process was reversible upon cooling, highlighting the thermoresponsive nature of the complex. Moreover, the complex exhibited selective ionochromic behavior towards the azide anion (N3-), displaying a distinct color change in the presence of other pseudo-halide anions. This suggests potential applications as a sensor for this specific anion.

Two copper(II) complexes of general formula [CuL2]X2 where L= aminoethylethanolamine and X= ClO4- and Cl- were prepared with a relatively high yield. These complexes were characterized by elemental microanalysis, UV-Vis, and IR spectroscopy techniques, thermal analysis, and molar conductance measurements. The proposed structure of the complex was geometrically optimized, and its structural parameters were calculated based on B3LYP/LanL2DZ level using Density Functional Theory (DFT) that is implemented in the Gaussian09 program and the data were correlated with the current experimental data. The complexes demonstrated reversible halochromism with distinctive color change over the pH range of 0.66 to 13.00 attributed to protonation and deprotonation of the coordinated ligand. The complexes exhibited reversible thermochromic behavior in DMF over a temperature range of room to 140 °C. The complexes showed dark blue at room temperature and yellow-brown at 140 °C, due to the dissociation of the coordinated ethanolic groups of the ligand at the axial position and substitution by solvent molecules at the elevated temperature.

The bidentate Schiff-base ligand, N,N'-bis((E)-3-phenylallylidene)-4-nitro-1,2-phenylenediamine, [L], was synthesized and characterized along with its Cu(II) complexes, CuLX2 (where X = Cl and Br). The characterization involved elemental analysis, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, FT-IR, and UV-Vis spectroscopy, as well as thermal and conductivity studies. The elemental analyses of these complexes were consistent with the stoichiometry of the type CuLX2. The confirmation of their stabilization and their slight electrolytic nature is reinforced by their low molar conductivity. Furthermore, the alterations in both the location and shape of the peaks in the UV-Vis and FT-IR spectra of the complexes, relative to those of the free ligand, serve as additional evidence supporting the formation of Schiff-base complexes. Also, cathodic and anodic shifted in the potential’s peaks of complexes compared to free ligand approve formation of compounds. Catalytic activity of these complexes in the room temperature deoximation using sodium periodate were studied. Obtained aldehydes and ketones as single products in excellent yields confirm catalytic activity of these complexes. Lastly, in vitro cytotoxic features of all samples studied against A549 and HT29 cancer cell lines and the outcomes exhibited excellent cytotoxic potential of synthesized complexes.

This study presents the design, synthesis, and characterization of a mixed-chelate copper(II) complex, [Cu(L)(acac)(ClO4)]ClO4, where L = 2-[(2-diisopropylamino-ethylamino)-methyl]-pyridine. Various analytical techniques, including elemental analysis, infrared (IR) spectroscopy, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and molar conductivity measurements, were employed to elucidate the structural attributes of the complex, confirming its deviated square pyramidal geometry. Additionally, the solvatochromic behavior of the complex was investigated. The absorption spectrum revealed a broad, structureless band in the visible region, exhibiting a significant bathochromic shift (red shift) upon changing the solvent. This observation indicates a positive solvatochromic effect, which is ascribed to interactions between the solvent molecules and the weakly bound perchlorate anion in the coordination sphere of the complex. A statistical analysis utilizing the stepwise multiple linear regression (SMLR) method identified the Gutmann donor number (DN) of the solvent as the most influential factor in the observed solvatochromism. Specifically, an increase in the DN value corresponded to a red shift in the absorption of the complex spectrum, indicative of stronger interactions with donor solvents. These findings suggest the potential utility of this complex as a chromogenic sensor for assessing solvent polarity.

4-methylcoumarin-7-yloxy-N-4-nitrophenyl acetamide and 4-methylcoumarin-7-yloxy-N-phenyl acetamide were used as effective ionophores for preparation of chromium (III) and copper (II) selective liquid membrane electrodes, respectively. Optimization of the composition of the membranes and the conditions of the analysis was performed, and under the optimized conditions the chromium (III) liquid membrane electrode has a detections limit of 1.0×10-10 with response time 4-6 s and the concentration range 1.0×10-4 to 1.0×10-10 M chromium (III) with a Nernstian slope of 20.25±0.4 mV/decade over the pH range of 4.0–7.5 and copper (II) liquid membrane electrode has a detection limit of 3.0×10-5 with response time about 5 s and the concentration range 1.0×10-1 to 3.0×10-5 M copper (II) with a Nernstian slope of 31.08±0.5 mV/decade over the pH range of 4.5–8. The chromium (III) and copper (II) selective electrodes were stable for about 8 and 5 weeks, respectively. They exhibit good selectivity for two ions. They were successfully applied for the direct determination of chromium (III) and copper (II) in wastewater and as indicator electrodes for potentiometric titration of copper ions and chromium ions with EDTA.

The current study focuses on synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activity of cu (II) with N-(3-nitrobenzylidene)-4-cholorobenzenamine Schiff base ligand. Coordination compound for cu (II) with N-(3n nitrobenzylidene)-4-cholorobenzenamine Schiff base ligand was derived from 3 nitro benzaldehyd an para choloro anilin Ligand and its copper complex were characterized using FT-IR, HNMR and CNMR spectra. Finally, the antimicrobial effect of the complex on E. coli was investigated by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) tests.FT-IR, HNMR and CNMR spectra showed the success of production new complex. Minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration studies showed the enhanced antibacterial effect of new complex on E.coli. The results showed that new complex has numerous antimicrobial effect on E.coli.

A new tetradentate N2O2 Schiff base ligand (MeO-bph)2bn = N,N¢-bis(2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone)-1,4-butanediamine was prepared from the condensation of butane-1,4-diamine with 4-methoxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone and characterized by 1H-NMR spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Its nickel(II) and copper(II) complexes characterized using elemental analyses (CHN) and IR spectroscopy. Thermogravimetric analysis of the Schiff base ligand and its Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes revealed their thermal stability and decomposition pattern. Finally, the complexes were used for the preparation of NiO and CuO nanoparticles by solid-state thermal decomposition. The nanoparticles were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, and SEM. FT-IR and XRD confirmed the purity of the formed products NiO and CuO.

Three new heteroleptic copper(II) complexes, [(tmen)Cu(dike)H2O]X where tmen = N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine, dike = 2-acetylcyclopentanone anion and X= ClO4- (1), Cl- (2) and Br- (3) are prepared and characterized by elemental analyses, molar conductance measurements and IR and UV-Vis spectroscopy techniques. The complex 1 is fairly soluble in various organic solvents and demonstrates distinctive solvatochromism. However, the solubility of complexes 2 and 3 is less than 1 and their color changes are limited to polar solvents. The influence of the solvent polarity and counter ions on the wave length maxima, max values of the d-d bands of the complexes have been investigated by visible spectroscopy. A multi-parametric equation has been utilized to explain the solvent effect on the d-d transition of [(tmen)Cu(dike H2O)]ClO4 using SPSS/PC software. The stepwise multiple linear regression (SMLR) method demonstrated that the donor power of the solvent plays the most important role in the observed negative solvatochromism of the compound.

An attempt has been made to develop a highly selective copper ion selective electrode based on a PVC based sensor using Bis(2-chlorobenzaldehyde)phenyl disulphide diimine as ionophore with 61% NPOE in presence of 33.5% PVC,0.5% dithio ligand and 5% STPB as an anion excluder. The sensor exhibits a near Nernestian potential response of 29±1mV/decade. Over a wide concentration range of (5.0×10-6 to 5.0×10-2 mol/L) with a detection limit of 3.1×10-6 M between pH=4-7 with a fast response time of 5s. The selectivity coefficient values, as determined by matched potential method indicate excellent selectivity for Cu2+ over a large number of ions. The proposed sensor exhibit an adequate shelf time (3 months) with good reproducibility. The quantification of Cu2+ in waste water of copper wire manufacturing factory was successfully achieved using the proposed sensor.